Ingabe ingane yakho ingcolile kakhulu? Ayikwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa? Noma ingabe ihlala ikhala ngokuthi ayinaki ekilasini? Sizwa nge-ADHD njalo kulezi zinsuku. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi 'iyinto entsha'. Kodwa iyini ngempela i-ADHD? Ivame kangakanani le nkinga? Ake sixoxe ngayo ngokuningiliziwe nangendlela eqotho.
Bangaki abantu abane-ADHD ngempela?
Kunzima kancane ukunikeza impendulo eqondile kulo mbuzo ngoba abacwaningi basebenzise izindlela ezahlukene ukuphenya lolu daba, futhi idatha abayitholayo ihlukile kancane.
Imibiko eminingi iphakamisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-5% no-8% wezingane zesikole zinalesi simo, kodwa izinhlangano ezifana ne-CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) zithi inani liphezulu lifinyelela ku-11%.
Manje, inkinga eyodwa ngalokhu ukuthi ezinye izifundo zincike kulokho okushiwo abazali . Okusho ukuthi, uma abazali bethi, "Udokotela uthe ingane yami ine-ADHD," lokho kuthathwa njengedatha. Kodwa ngoba nje besho lokho, akusho ukuthi ingane ihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokuxilongwa kwe-ADHD.
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela babiza ingane ngokuthi i-ADHD yize inezinye izinkinga zemfundo, zokuziphatha, noma zengqondo. Okunye futhi kuyiqiniso. Okusho ukuthi, ezinye izingane ezine-ADHD azitholakali.
Kalula nje, i-ADHD ingadidaniswa nezinye izinkinga eziningi, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nodokotela bakuthola kunzima ukuhlukanisa kahle ukuthi yisiphi isimo abasibonayo.
Kodwa-ke, into eyodwa ochwepheshe abayaziyo ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-ADHD iyisifo sokuziphatha esivame kakhulu esenzeka ebuntwaneni .
Ingabe lesi 'yisifo esisha'? "Besingenazo lezi ngesikhathi sethu, akunjalo?"
Abantu abaningi bathi lokhu kuyinkinga yomphakathi wanamuhla, ukuthi abazali bakho "babengenaso lesi sifo" besengabantwana. Bakhomba iqiniso lokuthi inani lezingane ezitholakale zine-ADHD landa ngo-42% kusukela ngo-2003 kuya ku-2011. Ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi baqala lesi simo manje kunangaphambili? Nalapha futhi, iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kancane.
Abazali bavame ukubuza, "O, dokotela, ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngamanzi? Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngokudla engikunika ingane yami? Noma ingabe lokhu kungenxa yokuthile engikwenzile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?"
Impendulo yethu ithi: "Cha, akunjalo. Okwenzekile manje ukuthi kunokwaziswa okwengeziwe emphakathini ngalesi simo, kwenziwe ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngalokhu, futhi manje sesithuthuke kakhulu."Imishini yokuxilonga kanye nezindlela zokuxilonga.
Cabanga ngakho njengekhamera yasendulo kanye nekhamera yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu namuhla. Njengoba sinobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuqwashisa, manje sesingakwazi ukubona ngokunembile izingane esasingaziboni esikhathini esidlule. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwakunabantu abaningi abane-ADHD emashumini eminyaka edlule njengoba kunjalo nanamuhla, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi abazange babonwe noma belashwe.
Abafana? Amantombazane? Ubani one-ADHD ngaphezulu?
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi i-ADHD iyinkinga ethinta abafana kuphela. Eqinisweni, idatha yamanje iphakamisa ukuthi abafana banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola i-ADHD kunamantombazane. Kodwa-ke, lezi zibalo zingase zishintshe njengoba abacwaningi befunda kabanzi ngendlela lesi simo esibonakala ngayo emantombazaneni.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze -ADHD :
1. Uhlobo lokunganaki
2. Uhlobo olusebenzisa amandla amaningi
3. Inhlanganisela yazo zombili izinhlobo (uhlobo lwe-Co MBI ned)
Uma amantombazane ene-ADHD, avame ukuba nezimpawu zokunganaki kakhulu kunezimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle . Ngakho kungaba nzima ukuzixilonga. Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe luvame kakhulu kubafana.
Lo mehluko ungaqondwa ngokucacile kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici | Emantombazaneni | Kwabafana |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo oluvame ukubonakala | Uhlobo lokunganaki | Uhlobo oluxubile (oluhlanganisiwe) |
| Izimpawu eziyinhloko | Ukuphupha emini, ukuphazamiseka kalula, ukukhohlwa, ubunzima bokuhlela | Ukungakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, ukuzulazula njalo, ukugijima, ukuphazamisa izingxoxo, ukuntuleka kwesineke |
| Umthelela wokuhlonza | Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu azibonakali kangako, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo singacatshangwa njengengane "ethule" noma "enamahloni" bese siphuthelwa. | Ngenxa yokuthi izici zivelele kakhulu futhi zingaphazamisa ikilasi, amathuba okutholakala aphezulu. |
Ingabe i-ADHD iyinkinga yobuntwana kuphela?
Cha. Cishe abantu abangu-60% ababene-ADHD beseyingane bayaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu lapho sebekhulile. Ukuze umuntu omdala atholakale ngokusemthethweni ene-ADHD, izimpawu kumele zibe seziqalile ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12. Kungenzeka ukuthi azizange zitholakale eseyingane, kodwa izimpawu kumele zibe seziqalile ngaleso sikhathi.
Lezi zimpawu zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke i-ADHD yomuntu omdala ingase ingafani ncamashi neyomntwana.
Cabanga ngomfana owayevame ukugijima ekilasini eseyingane, kodwa esemdala angase angagijimi kanjalo. Kunalokho, angase abe nezinkinga ezinkulu zokunaka nokuhlela umsebenzi wakhe . Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile akuvamile ukuba yinkinga enkulu lapho esemdala, kodwa izinkinga zokungakwazi ukunaka zingase ziqhubeke.
Ngakho-ke kwenzekani kwabanye abangu-40%? Ingabe "belaphekile ngokuphelele" kulokhu? Hhayi ngempela. I-ADHD iyisifo sezinzwa . Siyazi ukuthi ubuchopho buyakhula futhi buyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ubuchopho babo bushintshile, noma indlela yabo yokuphila isizivumelanise nayo.
Isibonelo, uma umuntu one-ADHD osebenza ngempumelelo njengomthengisi ohambahambayo ngokuzumayo eshintshela emsebenzini wasehhovisi osedeskini, izinkinga zakhe zingase ziphinde zivele.
Igebe lobulili liyancipha kancane njengoba sikhula. Phakathi kwabantu abadala, kumuntu ngamunye wesifazane otholakale ene-ADHD, kunamadoda ayi-1.6.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona "into entsha" noma iphutha lomzali. Yisimo sangempela sezokwelapha esihlobene nokukhula kobuchopho.
- Iziguli eziningi ze-ADHD sezibikwa manje, hhayi ngoba lesi sifo sisakazeka, kodwa ngoba ulwazi lwethu, ukuqonda, kanye nezindlela zokuxilonga zithuthukile.
- I-ADHD iziveza ngendlela ehlukile emantombazaneni kunasebafaneni. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zabo (ukunganaki) azibonakali kahle, cishe bazohlala bengaxilongwa futhi benganakwa.
- Lokhu akugcini nje ebuntwaneni. Abantu abaningi bayaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu baze babe badala, futhi uhlobo lwalezo zimpawu lungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-ADHD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngakho bese uthola ukuxilongwa okunembile nesiqondiso.
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