Ingabe ingane yakho inenkinga yokuhlala igxile? Ingabe iyahluleka ukuhlala igxile? Ingabe ihlala ikhalaza ngesikole namakilasi? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esisibiza ngokuthi i-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Njengomzali, umcabango wakho wokuqala kuleli qophelo ungase ube imithi. Nakuba imithi iyithuluzi elihle, ayikwazi ukwenza konke. Ayikho iphilisi engakufundisa amasu afanele okukhulisa ingane yakho ukulawula ukuziphatha kwayo, ukukhulisa ukuzethemba kwayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukukusiza ukuphatha ukukhathazeka kwengane yakho. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa komndeni kungasiza wonke umndeni ukuthi usebenzisane futhi ukhiqize imiphumela ehlala njalo.
Ukwelashwa komndeni kungasiza kanjani?
Uma unengane ene-ADHD ekhaya, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi izindlela "zendabuko" esivame ukuzisebenzisa ukujezisa izingane, njengesijeziso nemivuzo, azisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukunaka kwazo isikhathi eside kanye nokungacabangi kahle kwenza kube nzima ukuzilawula kunezinye izingane. Kodwa isijeziso esiqhubekayo senza kube kubi kakhulu ukuziphatha kwazo, futhi silimaza nesithombe sazo.
Cabanga nje, lapho indodana yakho iwisa ithoyizi phansi, uyitshela ukuthi ilibeke eceleni, kodwa ayizwakali ilalele. Uma uyitshela ukuthi yenze kanjalo, iqala ukukhala. Uma kwenzeka izehlakalo ezinjalo njalo endlini, isimo sasekhaya siba sibi kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa komndeni kusiza ikhaya lakho, kanye nawo wonke umuntu okulo, ukuthi lisebenze kahle futhi lijabule.
Lokhu kwelashwa kungaqondiswa ngabazali noma kuhilele ingane ezifundweni. Ngokuvamile, izinto ezilandelayo zenzeka nganoma iyiphi yalezi zindlela:
- Umndeni wonke ufunda ukusebenza ndawonye njengeqembu elilodwa .
- Kuqinisa umuzwa wengane wokulawula imizwa nezenzo zayo.
- Ukuziphatha kwengane kuyathuthuka esikoleni, ekhaya, nabanye, nasezindaweni zomphakathi.
- Sikufundisa wena, mzali, izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokusebenzelana nengane yakho.
Ukwelashwa Okuqondiswe Kubazali
Uma unengane ene-ADHD engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12, ukwelashwa okungcono kungaba ukwelashwa kokuziphatha. Siqeqesha abazali ukuba benze lokhu.Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabazali, okwaziwa nangokuthi Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabazali Okuziphatha, kusekelwe emqondweni wokuthi ungumfundisi ongcono kakhulu wengane. Ochwepheshe bathi le ndlela iyasebenza ngoba izingane ezincane azikwazi ukulawula izenzo zazo zodwa ngaphandle kokusekelwa yimindeni yazo.
Kulokhu, uzohlangana nodokotela wezokwelapha cishe izikhathi ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-16. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzofunda izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza nengane yakho, kanye nendlela ingqondo yengane yakho esebenza ngayo nokuthi yini ebangela ukuziphatha kwayo. Ingane ngeke ize kulezi zikhathi zokuqala. Uma isilungele ukujoyina, eneminyaka engaba ngu-8-10 ubudala, sikubiza ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe komzali nomntwana. Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zikhathi zingaba nguwe nomlingani wakho kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezikhathi zeqembu neminye imindeni efana nawe.
Phakathi kwalezi zikhathi, kufanele uzijwayeze lokho okufundile ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi umeluleki uzohlangana nomndeni wakho wonke ukuze abone ukuthi lezi zindlela zisebenza kanjani nokuthi uthuthuka kanjani.
Ufundani kulezi zindlela zokwelapha?
Ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali kuhlanganisa cishe zonke izici zokuphila kwansuku zonke. Kalula nje:
- Ungayibeka kanjani imingcele ngendlela ingane yakho eyiqondayo? Ungayibeka kanjani imithetho ecacile futhi utshele ingane yakho ukuthi yini elindeleke kuyo ngendlela eyiqondayo.
- Indlela yokuhlela indawo yasekhaya lakho. Ukwakha ikhaya eligcina isikhathi futhi elinemithetho.
- Indlela yokuqondisa ukuziphatha okuthile. Ukhetha ukuziphatha okungalungile okuthile bese ufunda ukuthi ungasabela kanjani kukho. Lokhu kungasho ukuvuza ukuziphatha okuhle, ukususa okwesikhashana amalungelo ngokuziphatha okubi, noma ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana 'nezikhathi zokuphumula'. Ufunda nokuthi kufanele uzishaye indiva nini ukuziphatha okuthile okungalungile.
- Indlela yokuguqula amaphutha engane yakho abe amathuba okufunda. Izingane ezine-ADHD zinobunzima bokuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kwezenzo zazo nemiphumela yazo zodwa. Ungababonisa lokho kuxhumana.
- Indlela yokwazisa abanye abanakekeli (isib. ugogo, u-anti) ngalezi zindlela ezintsha bese uthola ukwesekwa kwabo.
Ukwelulekwa komndeni kanye nemithi ye-ADHD
Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala, thintana nochwepheshe ngaphambi kokunikeza imithi.Ngincoma kakhulu ukuthi uzame ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwabazali. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akufanele usebenzise imithi nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokwelulekwa ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ayikho imiphumela emibi evela emithini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe ingane yakho ihlolwe kabi ukuthi ine-ADHD, lezi zindlela zokwelapha zokuziphatha ngeke zibangele umonakalo.
Kodwa ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukunikeza imithi kanye nokwelulekwa komndeni kuyinhlanganisela ephumelelayo yezingane zesikole. Noma kunjalo, i-FDA e-US ithi izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 kufanele zinikezwe imithi kuphela uma ukwelulekwa kungathuthukisi okungenani isici esisodwa sempilo yazo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wengane yakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo nganoma iyiphi yalezi zinto.
Futhi, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezizuza ekwelulekweni komndeni ngenkathi zithatha imithi zingakwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wazo wemithi .
Ukwelashwa Okuhlanganisiwe Kwabazali Nengane
Nakuba ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali kuvame ukunconywa ezinganeni ezincane, izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi abazali nezingane bangafinyelela imiphumela emikhulu uma behlangana nomeluleki ndawonye. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu njengoba ingane ingena ebusheni nasebudaleni. Nakuba izimpawu ze-ADHD zingase zinciphe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingane ingase isenezinkinga zemfundo kanye nezenhlalo. Futhi ingxabano emndenini ingase ihlale ikhona.
| Izinzuzo zokwelashwa okuhlangene | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bomndeni | Ukuqondana kuyanda ngoba wonke umuntu ukhuluma ndawonye. |
| Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka komndeni | Ukuthola izixazululo zezinkinga ndawonye kunciphisa ukucindezeleka ekhaya. |
| Isiyalo Esiphumelelayo | Ngenxa yokuthi imithetho yenziwa kanye nengane, cishe izolandelwa. |
| Ukuqapha okulula | Kulula ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwengane kanye nentuthuko yayo ngoba wonke umuntu undawonye. |
Ngisho noma ingane yakho isencane, usengafunda amasu awusizo okukhulisa izingane. Kodwa azohluka kuye ngeminyaka nobuntu bengane. Isibonelo:
- Ingane encane ihlanganyela emihlanganweni yokwelulekwa nabazali bayo.
- Ungasiza futhi ingane yakho ukuthola izixazululo zokuziphatha kwayo okubi futhi inqume ukuthi yiziphi izijeziso okufanele izisebenzise. Isibonelo, ukunikeza umsebenzi wesikole esikhundleni 'sokuphumula'.
- Uma efunda kahle futhi ethola amaphuzu amahle ezivivinyweni, angazibekela umgomo womvuzo . Lokho kusho into ebalulekile kuye, njengokuvunyelwa ukuphuma nabangani bakhe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa komndeni akuyona yodwa indlela yokuphatha i-ADHD, kodwa kuyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu nelihlala isikhathi eside.
- Uma unengane encane, kufanele uzame ukwelashwa kokuqeqeshwa kwabazali kuqala. Lokhu kuzokufundisa okungaphezu kwengane.
- Ukwelulekwa komndeni akuyona nje into eyenziwa ingane. Kuqinisa ubudlelwano bomndeni wonke futhi kwenza indawo yasekhaya ibe yindawo ezolile nejabulisayo.
- Njalo khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ukuze uthole iseluleko ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi uzoqala yini imithi, ukwelulekwa, noma kokubili.
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