Ingabe ingane yakho nayo ibuka ngefasitela, ilahlekile ezweni lamaphupho? Kuvamile ukuthi izingane ezincane ziphuphe emini futhi zicabange kanjalo. Kodwa uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuhlala igxile entweni eyodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma uma ihlala yeqa umsebenzi wesikole nomsebenzi wesikole, kungaba uhlobo lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Lolu hlobo lwe-ADHD 'lokunganaki' luhluke kanjani kwezinye izinhlobo?
Uma abantu abaningi becabanga nge-ADHD, bacabanga ngengane engakwazi ukuhlala ithule, eyisidlakela kakhulu, futhi ehlala egijima. Kodwa lokho uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-ADHD. Ukuze kube sobala, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD.
1. Uhlobo Lokunganaki: Kulolu hlobo esikhuluma ngalo namuhla, inkinga enkulu ingane enayo ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka. Laba bantwana bavame ukuthula futhi abadlali kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungase kube sekwephuzile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi simo sikhona. Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).'
2. Uhlobo Lokushukuma Okungapheli - Oluneziphazamiso: Lona ngumntwana 'oyisiwula' esimaziyo sonke. Kufana nenjini egijima phezulu. Bahlala benza umsindo ngezinyawo noma ngezandla zabo, abayeki ukukhuluma, futhi benza izinto ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokucabanga.
3. Uhlobo Oluhlanganisiwe: Kulolu hlobo, zombili lezi zici ezingenhla zibonakala ndawonye. Okusho ukuthi, kukhona ukunganaki kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi sivame ukubona laba bantwana abangenandaba “njengabavilaphayo,” “abangenandaba,” noma “abazidlayo.” Kodwa akulona iphutha labo lelo, yisimo esibangelwa ushintsho ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
Udokotela unquma kanjani ukuthi lesi simo sikhona?
Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo, kufanele nakanjani uyithumele kudokotela wezingane noma kudokotela wezifo zengqondo . Bazothatha ulwazi kuwe, enganeni, nakothisha bengane ukuze baxilonge lesi simo.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoxilonga lesi simo ngokubheka ukuthi ingane ibilokhu ibonisa okungenani izimpawu eziyisithupha kwezilandelayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha .
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuphupha emini nokuphazamiseka kalula | Ngesikhathi wenza umsebenzi wesikole ekilasini noma ekhaya, ngokuzumayo uzithola usezweni elihlukile. Ngisho nomsindo omncane ungakuphazamisa. |
| Ukushiya ulwazi olubalulekile, ukwenza amaphutha anganaki | Ngivame ukwenza amaphutha ayisiwula emsebenzini wesikole kanye namaphepha okuhlolwa. Angilaleli izingxenye ezibalulekile zemiyalelo. |
| Ukukhathala kalula, ubunzima bokugxila | Ngisho noma uqala umsebenzi, uyadina ngemva kwesikhathi. Kunzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho igxile entweni efana nokufunda incwadi noma ukudweba isithombe ngaso sonke isikhathi. |
| Ubunzima bokusebenza ngendlela ehlelekile | Angikwazi ukuthola iphepha lami lomsebenzi wesikole, isikhwama sami sezincwadi singcolile, izinto zigcwele yonke indawo ekamelweni. Angazi ukuthi ngingenza kanjani umsebenzi wami isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. |
| Angilaleli uma kukhulunywa | Ngisho noma ukhuluma ngqo nengane bese ikubheka, kubonakala sengathi ayikulaleli. |
| Ukugwema imisebenzi edinga ukunakwa okukhulu | Abayithandi imisebenzi edinga ukugxila, njengokwenza umsebenzi wesikole noma ukufundela izivivinyo, futhi bayayihlehlisa. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinto kaningi | Izinto ezifana namapeni, amapensela, izincwadi, namabhodlela amanzi esiwaletha esikoleni zihlala zilahleka. |
| Ukukhohlwa emisebenzini yansuku zonke | Ukhohlwa izinto ezincane ozishilo (isib., "Letha leyo ncwadi uma uya ekamelweni lakho"). |
| Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo, ukungaqedi imisebenzi | Uma usuqalile umsebenzi, uqala omunye ngaphambi kokuba uwuqede. Kunzima ukulandela isethi yemiyalelo. |
Abantu abadala bangatholakala benalesi simo. Kumelwe babe nezimpawu okungenani ezinhlanu zalezi.
Udokotela wakho angase futhi aphakamise ukuhlolwa ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo ezingase zibe nezimpawu ezifanayo. Isibonelo:
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa noma ukubona
- Ukukhubazeka Kokufunda
- Izimo zengqondo ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka
Singamsiza kanjani umntwana onje?
Uma udokotela ethola ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo, ungesabi. Kunezindlela eziningi zokusiza. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhilela inhlanganisela yezindlela eziningana, kunokuba kube yinye kuphela.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
Udokotela angase anikeze imithi yokuthuthukisa ukunaka kwengane. Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nokwelulekwa nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase asikisele ngisho namadivayisi akhethekile, njenge-``Monarch external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (eTNS) System'' esanda kwethulwa. Lokhu kuvuselela izingxenye zobuchopho okukholakala ukuthi zihlobene ne-ADHD. Kodwa konke lokhu kunqunywa udokotela wakho.
Izinto esingazenza njengabazali
Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kufundisa abazali okuningi ngendlela yokusebenzisana nengane yabo.
| Indlela ewusizo | Izinto ongazenza |
|---|---|
| Ukwenza Uhlu 'Lokufanele Ukwenze' | Yenza uhlu lwezinto okufanele uzenze (imisebenzi yasekhaya, ukuhlanza ikamelo) bese ulubeka endaweni lapho ingane yakho ingalubona khona (efrijini, edeskini lengane). |
| Ukuphula imisebenzi emikhulu ibe yizicucu ezincane | Esikhundleni sokuthi "Hamba uyokwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikole" ngesikhathi esisodwa, hlukanisa kube yizinyathelo ezincane njengokuthi "Okokuqala yenza izibalo. Bese ufunda isahluko encwadini yesiSinhala. Ekugcineni, bhala inothi elifushane ngakho." |
| Ukunikeza iseluleko esicacile nesilula | Uma unikeza iseluleko, ungasho izinto eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa zisho kalula, kafushane, eyodwa ngesikhathi. |
| Ukuba nakho konke kuhlelekile. | Dala izindawo ezithile zokubeka zonke izingubo, izincwadi, namathoyizi engane yakho. Ngaleyo ndlela, kuzoba lula ukuzithola. |
| Ukudala inqubo yansuku zonke | Ezinganeni ezinjengalezi, ukuba nesimiso kungabasiza ukuthi bahlale begxile. Zijwayeze ukwenza izinto ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke (ukuvuka, ukuxubha amazinyo, ukudla). Bhala lesi simiso phansi bese usibeka endaweni lapho ungasibona khona ekhaya. |
| Ukunciphisa iziphazamiso | Uma ingane yakho ifunda, qiniseka ukuthi ucisha izinto ezifana ne-TV, ikhompyutha, umsakazo, kanye nocingo. Uma usekilasini, uma kungenzeka, cela uthisha ukuthi asuse ingane efasiteleni noma emnyango bese eyihlalisa ngaphambili. |
| Imivuzo yomsebenzi omuhle | Wonke umuntu uyathanda ukunconywa ngomsebenzi omuhle. Uma beqeda umsebenzi wabo wesikole ngesikhathi, noma belungisa ikamelo labo, bancome ngokuthi, "Kuhle lokho ndodana/ndodakazi." Mhlawumbe ubanike isipho esincane (ukudla abakuthandayo, uhambo oluya e-zoo). |
Njengoba ingane yakho izobe isesikoleni cishe usuku lonke, kufanele uhlale uthintana nothisha wekilasi lengane yakho. Mgcine enolwazi ngesimo sengane yakho, futhi nisebenzisane ukusiza ingane yakho.Thola izindlela zokukwenza. Uma kudingeka, ungakhuluma nothishanhloko bese uthola izinsiza ezidingekayo zengane yakho (isib., isikhathi esengeziwe sokuhlolwa).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona ubuvila noma ukuziphatha okubi kwengane. Yisimo esaziwayo kwezokwelapha.
- Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, ungacabangi nje kuphela, kodwa nakanjani vakashela udokotela.
- Ukwelashwa akukhona nje ngemithi. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakala uma konke kuhlangana: imithi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, kanye nokusekelwa abazali nothisha.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele, usizo, kanye nokusekelwa, laba bantwana bangafinyelela imigomo yabo futhi baphumelele. Bafanelwe uthando lwakho, isineke, kanye nokuqonda.
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