Wake wadlala i-"Hang-in-the-Mouth" nengane yakho encane? Uma wenza kanjalo, empeleni uyayisiza ukuba ifinyelele isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kobuchopho bayo. Lokho kuwukuqonda ukuthi izinto noma abantu basesekhona emhlabeni, noma ngabe abakwazi ukuzibona ngamehlo abo. Ngokwezokwelapha , lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'Ukuhlala Kwento Okuphakade.' Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa umntwana asifunda ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwakhe.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Object Permanence?
Ukuhlala Kwezinto, kalula nje, ikhono lokuqonda ukuthi into noma umuntu usekhona, ngisho noma singakuboni noma singakuzwa. Cabanga ukuthi uthathe ibhola lomntwana walifihla ngaphansi kwengubo. Uma ingane ingakathuthukisi leli khono lokuhlala Kwezinto, izocabanga ukuthi ibhola alisekho kuleli zwe. Ngakho ngeke izame ukulifuna.
Kodwa, njengoba ethola leli khono kancane kancane, uyazi ukuthi ibhola lingaphansi kwendwangu. Bese esusa indwangu bese eqala ukufuna ibhola. Lo mqondo waqala ukutholwa yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yezingane uJean Piaget.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ingane ithole leli khono, ngoba libeka isisekelo samakhono amaningi azoza esikhathini esizayo. Isibonelo:
- Ukulingisa : Ukudlala sengathi upha unodoli ukudla.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwenkumbulo: Ukukwazi ukukhumbula into oyibonile.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi: Ukufunda amagama nokuqala ukukhuluma.
Konke lokhu kudinga ikhono lokudala umfanekiso wengqondo wento engabonakali. Leli khono libasiza futhi baqonde ukuthi abantu ababathandayo, njengonina noyise , abakabashiyanga futhi bazobuya esikhathini esithile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwabo ngokomzwelo kanye nokwakheka kokunamathelana .
Umntwana ulithola nini leli khono?
Ngokusho kocwaningo lukaJean Piaget, izingane ziqala ukuthola leli khono cishe ezinyangeni ezingu-8 ubudala. Ngokwezigaba zakhe zokukhula, lena yinhloso eyinhloko yesigaba se-sensorimotor. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izingane zifunda ngezinzwa zazo ezinhlanu - okungukuthi, ngokubona, ngokuthinta, ukunambitha, ukuzwa, nokunyakaza.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi ezinye izingane zingase ziqale ukuqonda leli khono ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi, phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 nezingu-7 ubudala . Ngokuvamile, izingane eziningi zithuthukisa leli khono ngaphambi kokuba zibe nonyaka owodwa ubudala.
Khumbula, lokhu akwenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa. Ingane yakho izokufunda kancane kancane lokhu. Ngezinye izinsuku izobe ilangazelela ukuthola amathoyizi owafihlayo, kanti ngezinye izinsuku ngeke ikubone. Lokhu kujwayelekile kakhulu.
Ingane ngayinye ihlukile. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki uma ingane yakho isifike sekwephuzile kunezinye izingane ekufinyeleleni lesi sigaba. Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela lezi zigaba zokukhula. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kukhona inkinga, ungayibona ngokushesha. Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngokukhula kwengane yakho, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane zakho.
Ungamsiza kanjani umntwana wakho ukuba athuthukise leli khono?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa leli khono ukudlala nomntwana wakho. Imidlalo nezincwadi ezihilela ukufihla okuthile nokukubuyisa ziwusizo kakhulu kulokhu. Ngemidlalo efana nale, ingane yakho ifunda kancane kancane ukuthi izinto zizobuya noma ngabe azibonakali okwesikhashana.
Nazi ezinye imidlalo ezilula ongazidlala nomntanakho.
| Igama lomdlalo | Indlela yokukwenza |
|---|---|
| Bheka lab | Mboza ubuso bakho ngezandla zakho, bese ususa izandla zakho ngokushesha bese uthi, "Boo!" Lapho ingane yakho ifunda leli khono, izohleka kakhulu lapho ikubona futhi. |
| Ukucasha ngendwangu | Mboza ikhanda lakho ngendwangu emanzi , uyisuse futhi, bese uthi "Hawu!" Uma ingane yakho isikhulile kancane, bheka ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukuyisusa indwangu ekhanda lakho. |
| Ake sifihle ithoyizi. | Thatha ithoyizi lomntwana ulifihle ngemuva kwakho noma ngemuva kwento efana nesihlalo, bese ulibuyisela ngaphandle ngokuzumayo. |
| Ake sithole amathoyizi. | Ngesikhathi ingane yakho ilindile, beka izingcezu ezimbalwa zendwangu phezu kwethoyizi layo eliyithandayo. Bese uyikhuthaza ukuba ilithole. Uma ingane yakho iqala ukukhasa, fihla amathoyizi egumbini bese uyicela ukuthi iwathole. |
| Amathoyizi nezincwadi ezivelelayo | Kulezi, ithoyizi ligxuma ngokuzumayo lisuka entweni efihliwe. Kukhona nezincwadi lapho ungaphakamisa khona izingxenye zencwadi ukuze wembule izithombe ezifihliwe ngaphansi. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuthola i-Object Permanence?
Ukubuka injabulo yengane yakho lapho ithola ithoyizi elifihliwe kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho ithola leli khono, uzobona omunye umehluko. Lokho ukukhathazeka ngokwehlukana .
Lesi yisimo sokukhula esivame kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, bangase besabe, bakhathazeke, futhi bakhale lapho behlukaniswe nabazali babo noma abanakekeli babo.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi manje umntwana uyazi ukuthi ukhona yize ungabonwa. Ngakho uzizwa edabukile futhi ekhathazekile uma ungekho. Lokhu kungokwesikhashana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzokwazi ukuhlala kude isikhashana ngaphandle kokuba umntwana akhale.
Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-Object Permanence ne-ADHD?
Kukhona inkolelo evamile yokuthi abantu abane-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) banezinkinga ngokuhlala kwezinto. Okusho ukuthi, bayakhohlwa ukuthi kukhona okukhona lapho bengabonakali. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obanele besayensi bokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinkinga ngokuhlala kwezinto zinegalelo kulesi simo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuqina kwento kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa esikhula phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila komntwana.
- Lokhu kusho ukuthi umntwana uyaqonda ukuthi abantu nezinto zisekhona, noma ngabe azibonakali emehlweni.
- Ungasiza ingane yakho ithuthukise leli khono ngemidlalo elula efana nethi "Hanging Hands".
- Lapho nje leli khono selitholakele, umntwana angase abe "nokukhathazeka ngokuhlukana." Lokhu kuvamile.
- Ingane ngayinye ikhula ngesivinini sayo. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile ngengane yakho. Uma unokungabaza, thintana nodokotela wezingane .
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