Uma ukhuluma ngesifo sikashukela, kumelwe ukuthi uke wezwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili, uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2, akunjalo? Iningi lethu licabanga ukuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sithinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha kuphela, kanti uhlobo 2 luthinta abantu abadala kuphela. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 singakhula nasebudaleni. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangakugwema, okungaholela ekubambezelekeni kokuthola isifo ngokunembile. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi sihloko esibalulekile.
Kuyini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 esiqala kubantu abadala?
Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kodwa kuqala lapho umuntu esemdala. I-pancreas iyisitho emzimbeni wethu esikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin. Le insulin isiza amangqamuzana omzimba ukuthi amunce ushukela (i-glucose) ekudleni esikudlayo ukuze sithole amandla.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 senzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela ngephutha futhi ebhubhisa amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin. Lesi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba . Uma sikhula kubantu abadala, saziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) .
Lesi simo sivame ukuqala ngemva kweminyaka engama-30. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zaso zifana kakhulu nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, abantu abaningi baqale bahlonzwe kabi ngokuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili bese uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ingabe lokhu kuhlukile kuhlobo 1 olutholakala ezinganeni?
Cabanga ngale ndlela: Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 se-LADA kanye nesohlobo 1 lobuntwana sifana nabalingiswa ababili endabeni efanayo. Bobabili bahilela amasosha omzimba ahlasela ama-pancreas. Kodwa umehluko omkhulu ijubane lesi sifo esiqhubeka ngalo.
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni: Lokhu kukhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Amaseli e-pancreas abhujiswa ngokushesha, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuyayeka. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zivela ngokushesha, futhi imijovo ye-insulin kumele iqalwe ngokushesha.
- I-LADA eqala kubantu abadala: Lokhu kukhula kancane kakhulu. Amaseli e-pancreas abhujiswa kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, umzimba ukhiqiza i-insulin ethile ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ivame ukuphambaniswa nesifo sohlobo 2. Abanye odokotela basibiza nangokuthi "isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.5."
Yiziphi izizathu zalesi simo?
Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani amasosha ethu omzimba ehlasela i-pancreas asikaziwa, kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi izici ezithile zingadlala indima.
- Ithonya lezakhi zofuzo: Uma abazali bakho benesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, nawe usengozini enkulu yokuba naso.
- Amagciwane noma izici zemvelo:Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ubuthi endaweni ezungezile kungabangela le nqubo yokuzivikela komzimba.
- Indlela Yokuphila: Ngokungafani nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni, imikhuba ethile yokuphila ingathinta ne-LADA nakubantu abadala. Isibonelo, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukungabi nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukubhema, kanye nokuphuza utshwala kwandisa ingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonakala?
Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba khona ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifana nezesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Lezi zingase zivele kancane kancane ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukoma ngokweqile kanye nendlala | Ukunganeliseki kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi noma ukudla okungakanani. |
| Ukuchama njalo | Isidingo sokuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. |
| Ukukhathala okungavamile | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ubuthakathaka ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo | Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokushintsha indlela yokudla noma ukuzivocavoca. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Izinguquko embonweni, ukungakwazi ukubona kahle. |
| Ukutheleleka okuvamile | Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo okuvamile kwesikhumba, indlela yomchamo, noma isitho sangasese sowesifazane kwabesifazane. |
| Ezinye izici | Ukuphefumula okunezithelo, ukungazweli ezithweni, isikhumba esomile nesilumayo. |
Udokotela ukuthole kanjani lokhu ngempela?
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuthola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kumuntu omdala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu zivela kancane, futhi ngenxa yokuthi zingavela kubantu abanesisindo esijwayelekile abangakhuluphele ngokweqile, njengabantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngisho nodokotela angase angakusoli ekuqaleni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha bese wenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola isifo sikashukela:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-glycated hemoglobin (A1c): Lokhu kuhlola izinga lakho elijwayelekile likashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule.
- Ukuhlolwa koshukela wegazi kokuzila ukudla: Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini.
- Ukuhlolwa ushukela egazini okungahleliwe: Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.
Uma lezi zivivinyo seziqinisekisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela, kwenziwa ezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ngabe yisifo sohlobo 1 (i-LADA) noma sohlobo 2.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Antibody: Lokhu kuhlola igazi ukuthi kukhona yini ama-antibodies athile (ama-autoantibodies) abonakala ku-Type 1 diabetes. Lawa awabonakali ku-Type 2.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-C-peptide: I-C-peptide ingenye into ekhiqizwa umzimba wethu uma ukhiqiza i-insulin. Amazinga aphansi ale nto asho ukuthi akukho insulin eyanele ekhiqizwayo. Amazinga e-C-peptide aphansi ku-LADA, kodwa ku-Type 2, angaba ajwayelekile noma aphezulu.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-LADA, umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho nokunciphisa lesi sifo ekubeni sibi kakhulu.
Ezigabeni zokuqala, imijovo ye-insulin ingase ingadingeki. Lesi sifo singalawulwa ngokudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo , kanye nemithi yesifo sikashukela (isib., `Metformin`, `Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)`).
Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-pancreas iba buthakathaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwelashwa nge-insulin kungadingeka. Kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokwelashwa olukulungele.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
- Uma ubhema, yeka.
- Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, yehlisa isisindo.
- Ukuzivocavoca okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto.(Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukuzivocavoca futhi uthole iseluleko sokuthi ungawalawula kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngenkathi uvivinya umzimba).
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo mayelana nohlelo lokudla oluhambisana nesifo sikashukela.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingalawulwa?
Njenganoma yisiphi isifo sikashukela, i-LADA ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zesikhathi eside uma ingalawulwa kahle. Kodwa khumbula, ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho elawulwa kahle kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yalezi zinkinga.
- Izinkinga zamehlo (isib. i-glaucoma)
- Isifo sezinso
- Isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sohlangothi
- Ukulimala kwemizwa
- Ukulimala kwezinyawo kanye nokutheleleka
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngesikhathi, uphuze imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe, futhi uhlole amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 singakhula nakubantu abadala. Sibizwa ngokuqondile ngokuthi i-LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults).
- Lokhu kubangelwa inkinga ngesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi kukhula kancane kakhulu kunohlobo 1, oluvela ezinganeni.
- Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zifana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, sivame ukuhlonzwa kabi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola amazinga kashukela kanye nama-antibodies athile ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile.
- Ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, imithi, kanye, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imijovo ye-insulin. Landela njalo imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
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