Ingabe ingane yakho nayo iyaphuza utshwala isengaphansi kweminyaka yobudala? (Ukuphuza utshwala engaphansi kweminyaka) Masiqaphele lokhu!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esikhathaza abazali abaningi, mina nawe, futhi thina njengomphakathi okudingeka sisinake. Okungukuthi, ukuphuza utshwala yizingane zethu ezincane, okungukuthi, izingane ezingakafiki eminyakeni esemthethweni yokuphuza utshwala. Cabanga nje ukuthi lo mkhuba ungabangela umonakalo ongakanani empilweni yalezi zimbali ezincane. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, akunjalo?

Kuyini ngempela ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala?

Kalula nje, ukuphuza utshwala obungaphansi kweminyaka yobudala kuwukuphuza utshwala ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala esemthethweni yokuphuza utshwala, okungukuthi, umuntu ongaphansi kwaleyo minyaka. Manje bheka, ezweni elifana neMelika, iminyaka yobudala obuncane bokuphuza utshwala obusemthethweni yiminyaka engu-21. Kodwa-ke, lo mkhawulo weminyaka ungahluka kuye ngezwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasendaweni ngaphakathi kwezwe elifanayo. Ezweni lethu, iminyaka engu-21 ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengobudala obuncane bokuthenga utshwala nokubuphuza ezindaweni ezinelayisensi.

Futhi, amanye amazwe anezinye izimo ezihlukile kule mingcele yobudala, okungukuthi izimvume ezikhethekile. Isibonelo, ngemvume yabazali, noma kuye ngohlobo lotshwala, le mithetho ingahluka kancane kuye ngokuthi lukhonzwa kuphi. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu ngengane ukuphuza utshwala iseneminyaka lapho ingakakulungeli ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ukubhekana nemiphumela yotshwala.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela ngokuphuza utshwala usemncane?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala kuyinkinga enkulu yezempilo. Eqinisweni, izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ezweni elifana neMelika, cishe intsha engu-4,000 engaphansi kweminyaka engu-21 iyafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile. Yeka ukuthi kuyadabukisa kanjani, akunjalo?

Akukhona lokho kuphela, ubuchopho bomntwana abukhuli ngokugcwele kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engaba ngu-25 ubudala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchopho bomntwana buzwela kakhulu. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukuphuza utshwala phakathi nalesi sikhathi kungabangela umonakalo wesikhathi eside, mhlawumbe ohlala njalo, ebuchosheni. Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kungathinta kanjani ikusasa lomntwana.

Izingane ezincane eziphuza utshwala zisencane zingase zibhekane nezinye izinkinga eziningi, njenge:

• Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga zokusebenzisa utshwala, ubuthi botshwala , kanye nezinye izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
• Izinkinga zomthetho zingase ziphakame. Isibonelo, ungase uboshwe ngokushayela uphuzile noma ngokudakwa ezindaweni zomphakathi.
• Imfundo yesikole ingase iphazamiseke. Amamaki angase ehle, amakilasi angase ancishiswe, njll.
• Ubudlelwano bomphakathi bungaba yinkinga. Kuba nzima ukulondoloza ubudlelwano nabangani, futhi kuvela izinkinga namalungu omndeni.
• Ungase uhlanganyele ocansini olungahleliwe nolungavikelekile, okungaholela ekukhulelweni okungafunwa noma ezifweni zocansi (STIs) .
• Bangase basebenzise ukuziphatha okunobudlova (kubo noma kwabanye), okuhlanganisa nokuxhashazwa ngokomzimba nangokocansi.

Uma ubheka le miphumela, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuphuza utshwala usemncane.

Kungani izingane zethu ziphendukela otshwaleni zisencane?

Asikho isizathu esisodwa esenza izingane nentsha zilingeke ukuphuza utshwala besebancane, kodwa kunezizathu eziningi. Ngezinye izikhathi, akusona esisodwa, kodwa yinhlanganisela yezizathu eziningana eziholela ingane kuleyo ndlela. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Ilukuluku: Intsha eningi izama utshwala ngenxa yelukuluku, "Kuzwakala kanjani lokhu?" Ngenxa yelukuluku, ngaphandle
• Imiphumela elindelekile: Abanye abantu abasha baphuza utshwala ngoba bezwa ukuthi buyabaphumuza futhi bunciphise ukucindezeleka. Babambeke emibonweni eyiphutha njengokuthi "ukuphuza utshwala kukwenza ukhohlwe izinkinga zakho."
• Ithonya lomndeni: Izimo zengqondo zomndeni ngotshwala – kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinhle noma zimbi – zingathonya isinqumo somuntu osemusha sokuphuza utshwala. Uma abantu abadala emndenini bephuza utshwala njalo, ingane ingakubona njengento evamile.
• Ukungazi izingozi nemiphumela: Intsha eningi iyazama utshwala ngoba ayiqapheli ngokugcwele imiphumela emibi engaba khona, okungukuthi, izingozi zalo. Bacabanga ukuthi, "Ukuphuza kancane ngeke kulimaze lutho."
• Ukucindezela kontanga: Lokhu kuyisici esinomthelela omkhulu. Abanye abantu abasha baphuza utshwala ukuze bathole ukuvunyelwa abangane babo, noma ngoba besaba ukwahlulelwa. Ukucindezela okuvela emndenini nakwabezindaba (i-inthanethi, ama-movie, i-TV) nakho kungadlala indima. Cabanga nje, lapho iqembu labangane libuza ephathini, "Ingabe nguwe wedwa ongaphuzi?", ezinye izingane zikuthola kunzima ukumelana nakho.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yami iphuza utshwala?

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nzima ukubona ukuthi ingane yakho iphuza utshwala ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo okuvamile, njengoba izimpawu zokuphuza utshwala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka yobudala , njengokulala ngokweqile, ukucasuka njalo, nezinkinga zomzimba, nazo zingaba yinto evamile ezinganeni ezincane.

Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu eziningana zesixwayiso ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma uma izimpawu zibonakala zimbi kakhulu, ungase ube nesizathu sokukhathazeka kakhudlwana. Lezi zimpawu zesixwayiso yilezi:

• Ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka ngokubukeka nokuhlanzeka komuntu.
• Izinguquko emaqenjini akho abangani, ikakhulukazi abangane abasha ongafuni ukubathula kuwe.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukuthola utshwala phakathi kwempahla yengane, noma ezindaweni eziyimfihlo ezingavamile. Ukuzwa sengathi utshwala endlini buyaphela.
• Ukubonisa izimpawu ezifana nezimpawu ze-hangover ngemva kokuphuza utshwala, njengekhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, namehlo abomvu .
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo nokukhumbula izinto.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umzimba wakho, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle uma ukhuluma.
• Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa, ikakhulukazi ukucasuka, ukucasuka, kanye nokuzivikela.
• Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo ezintweni owawuzijabulela.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nomsebenzi wesikole. Njengokwehla kwamamaki, ukweqa amakilasi.
• Iphunga lotshwala emoyeni, noma ukuzama ukufihla iphunga.

Ngingayivimbela kanjani ingane yami ekuphuzeni utshwala isencane?

Ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala akuvimbeki ngokuphelele. Kodwa ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngakho kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Futhi uma uqala le ngxoxo ngokushesha, kungcono. Ucwaningo lwango-2023 lubonise ukuthi oyedwa kuphela kwabayi-100 abaneminyaka engu-12-13 ubudala ozame utshwala ngenyanga edlule. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka intsha eneminyaka engu-16-17, lelo nani landa laya koyedwa kwabayisikhombisa.

Uma ukhuluma nengane yakho ngokuphuza utshwala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka yobudala, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuxoxa ngala maphuzu:

• Ukwazi: Uma ingane yakho icabanga ukuthi uyayinaka indlela eziphatha ngayo nokuthi izobanjwa uma yenza into engalungile, cishe ngeke izame utshwala. Yazise ukuthi uyayithanda ngokwanele ukuthi ubheke ukuziphatha kwayo okuyingozi.
• Okulindelwe ngokucacile: Yenza kucace enganeni yakho ukuthi awuvumelani nokuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala. Futhi, khuluma nayo ngemiphumela ezobhekana nayo uma iphuza kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala.
• Indlela yokufunda kabanzi: Intsha ivame ukufunda ngotshwala kubangani, kwabezindaba, noma kweminye imithombo yolwazi olungalungile. Bafundise indlela yokuthola nokusebenzisa imithombo ethembekile. Yabelana nabo ngolwazi lwangempela mayelana nezingozi zotshwala.
• Ukuthembana: Ingane yakho idinga ukwazi ukuthi uyayethemba nokuthi izokwenza izinqumo ezifanele. Yenzani uhlelo ndawonye mayelana nokuhlala ningaphuzi. Isibonelo, uma ingane yakho idinga usizo lokufika ekhaya isuka ephathini, ningakhetha igama eliyimfihlo lokulithumela umyalezo.
• Kungani wenza lokhu: Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi uyayikhathalela ukuphepha kwayo. Njengomzali, awufuni neze ingane yakho ingene enkingeni. Lokho kuhlanganisa ukuyichaya emiphumeleni eyingozi neyingozi yokuphuza utshwala ingaphansi kweminyaka yobudala.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala?

Ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala kuyinkinga enkulu yezempilo yomphakathi. Njengoba abacwaningi bathole ngo-2023 (sicela uqaphele ukuthi lena yimininingwane yaseMelika):

• Umuntu oyedwa kwabayisikhombisa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-12 no-20 uke waphuza utshwala okungenani kanye ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ezedlule.
• Umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-12 uke waphuza kakhulu (okusho ukuphuza iziphuzo ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu zilandelana kumfana, ezine noma ngaphezulu kuntombazane).
• Amantombazane anamathuba amancane okuphuza utshwala esemncane futhi aphuze ngokweqile.

Futhi, njengoba i-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ibika:

• Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayisithupha uke wahamba ngemoto nomshayeli obephuza.
• Kubikwe ukuthi cishe umfundi oyedwa kwabangu-20 be-A/L uke washayela imoto ngemuva kokuphuza utshwala.

Le datha ikhombisa ukuthi le nkinga ibucayi kangakanani. Nakuba isimo ezweni lethu singase singabi sihle, ingozi ikhona yonke indawo.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngisola ukuthi ingane yami iphuza utshwala?

Uma usola noma uqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iphuza utshwala, ungesabi ekuqaleni. Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele futhi ukhathazekile. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba nengxoxo ezolile nengane yakho. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze usize:

• Buza imibuzo evulekile: Lokhu kusho ukubuza imibuzo engenakuphendulwa ngokuthi "yebo/cha" nje. Isibonelo, babuze ukuthi bacabangani ngotshwala, ukuthi abangane babo bakhuluma kanjani ngakho, njll.
• Bavumele bakubuze imibuzo, bese bephendula ngokwethembeka: Ukukhuluma ngokwethembeka nangokukhululekile ngezinto ohlangabezane nazo (ngotshwala) kungaba nzima kancane. Kodwa-ke, lokho kwethembeka kuzokusiza wakhe ubuhlobo obuqinile nokuqondana nengane yakho.
• Yenza kucace okulindele: Ungacabangi ukuthi ingane yakho iyazi ukuthi ulindeleni kuyo noma ukuthi uzosabela kanjani. Mtshele kahle ukuthi ulindeleni kuyo.
• Beka imingcele: Kungumqondo omuhle ukubandakanya ingane yakho kulokhu. Ukuyisiza izibekele imingcele yayo kubonisa ukuthi uyayihlonipha futhi uyayethemba.

Uma kudingeka, udokotela wengane yakho angaba usizo kulokhu. Angakhuluma nengane yakho kabanzi ngotshwala nezingozi zalo. Angancoma nokwelashwa, njengokwelulekwa noma ukuvuselelwa, uma ingane yakho idinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe ngotshwala.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ingane yakho isikhula ngokushesha, futhi umcabango wokuthi iphuze utshwala ngaphambi kweminyaka efanele ungaba yinkinga enkulu. Ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngokuphuza utshwala engaphansi kweminyaka yobudala - ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuba iqale - kungazwakala kuyinselele kancane. Kodwa amazwi akho anamandla amakhulu kunalokho ocabanga ngakho.

Uma unesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ingane yakho iqala ukuphuza utshwala isencane, akusephuzile ukukhuluma nayo nokuyisiza. Uma udinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe, khuluma nodokotela wayo. Angakunikeza isiqondiso neseluleko ngalokho ongakwenza ukuze usize ingane yakho. Khumbula, awuwedwa, futhi ungalokothi unqikaze ukucela usizo kulolu hambo.

Ukuphuza utshwala kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kwentsha, izingane notshwala, imiphumela yotshwala, ukuluthwa utshwala, ukuphuza utshwala kwentsha, iseluleko sokuba ngumzali