Uma umama wakho, ubaba wakho, noma othile oseduze nawe ehlushwa yisifo i-Alzheimer's, ngiyazi ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani. Kunemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho, akunjalo? 'Ingabe imithi engizoyinikwa yalokhu izobangela imiphumela emibi?', 'Kuzokwenzekani uma ngiya ohambweni?', 'Ngizokwenzenjani uma ngingadli?' Cishe uhlala ucabanga ngezinto ezinjengalezi. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula, njengomngane.
Ingabe imithi yesifo i-Alzheimer's inemiphumela emibi?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwesifo i-Alzheimer's. Kodwa-ke, kunemithi eminingana engasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo nokulawula izimpawu. Le mithi ivame ukuba usizo kakhulu kubantu abasesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi le mithi ayisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu.
Le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi evamile. Esikhathini esiningi, iyaphela phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.
Sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithi.
1. Izithibi ze-Cholinesterase
Lokhu kusebenza ngokulawula amazinga esithunywa samakhemikhali ebuchosheni bethu esisiza ngenkumbulo, ukunaka, kanye nokucabanga okunengqondo.
| Izinhlobo zemithi (izibonelo) | Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|---|---|
|
|
| Okubalulekile: Ukuthatha umuthi nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni le miphumela emibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengokuquleka, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ukuquleka, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Futhi, lo muthi awufanele abantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo. | |
2. I-Memantine (Memantine - Namenda)
Lo muthi uphatha amazinga esithunywa samakhemikhali esisekela ukufunda kanye nenkumbulo.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona |
|---|---|
| I-Memantine |
|
3. Ama-antibodies e-monoclonal
Lezi uhlobo olusha lwemithi. Zilwa namaprotheni e-plaque akheka ebuchosheni. Zinikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV).
| Ama-antibodies e-monoclonal (isib. i-Lecanemab, i-Donanemab) - imiphumela emibi | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokumnika | |
| Umkhuhlane, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ubunzima bokuphefumula. Uma uzizwa kanje, yazisa udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha. | |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu (akuvamile) | |
| Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho noma ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni | Nakuba izimpawu zivame ukungabikho, lezi zingase zenzeke:
|
| Okubalulekile:Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi kuhlolwe njalo nge-MRI ukuze kuqashwe lezi zimo. Abantu abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi kanye nalabo abane-gene ye-APOE e4 basengozini enkulu. | |
Ubaba unesifo i-Alzheimer's. Uma ngihamba naye, yini engingayenza ukuze kube lula kithi sobabili?
Lona umbuzo omuhle kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlela kusenesikhathi. Okokuqala, thatha uhambo olufushane ubone ukuthi bazosabela kanjani ohambweni.
- Bavumele benze izinto ezilula phakathi nohambo: bheka umagazini, dlala umdlalo wamakhadi, noma ulalele umculo.
- Ungalokothi ushiye ingane yodwa emotweni. Bopha ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo bese ukhiya iminyango.
- Misa imoto njalo bese uphumula: Uma ecasuka, yima ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungazami ukumduduza ngenkathi eshayela.
- Iya endaweni ajwayelene nayo: Indawo efana nendawo yokungcebeleka aseke waya kuyo ngaphambili ingcono kakhulu. Gwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi kanye nohambo olunomsindo.
- Yazisa abasebenzi bezindiza kanye nehhotela: Batshele ukuthi uhamba nomuntu onenkinga yokukhumbula.
- Gcina ikhadi le-ID liseduze: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nekhadi elinegama lakho, ikheli, kanye nenombolo yocingo yokuxhumana ezingutsheni zakho noma ephaketheni lakho.
- Cabanga ngawe futhi: Ngesikhathi ujabulela isikhathi nobaba wakho, zinike isikhathi. Uma kungenzeka, cela omunye umuntu ukuthi akusize.
Othandekayo wami akadli. Ngenzenjani?
Izimpawu zesifo i-Alzheimer's zingabangela ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokungalambi noma ukoma, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa izitsha zokudla, kanye nokucindezeleka. Zama lezi zinto:
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Kungaba ngenxa yesimo esingelapheka (isib. ukucindezeleka).
- Ungabaphoqi ukuthi badle. Thola ukuthi kungani bengathandi ukudla.
- Yondla ukudla okunomsoco: Yondla ukudla okuqukethe amaprotheni, izithelo, imifino, namafutha amahle. Yehlisa usawoti noshukela. Kuhle futhi ukunikeza iziphuzo ezinempilo (ama-shake).
- Esikhundleni sokudla okuthathu okukhulu, nikeza ukudla okuncane okuningana.
- Yakha isifiso sokudla: Gxila ekuzilolongeni okuncane njengokuhamba nokulima.
- Nikeza ukudla okumnandi. Lokhu kulula kakhulu kubo ukukulawula.
- Yenza izikhathi zokudla zibe mnandi: Amapuleti nezinkomishi ezimibalabala, nomculo othambile ngemuva kungasiza. Uma kungenzeka, yidlani ndawonye kunokuba nidle nodwa.
Ezinye zezinganekwane ezinkulu ngesifo i-Alzheimer's
Ukukholelwa emibonweni eyiphutha kunezela ukucindezeleka okungadingekile esigulini nakuwe. Ake sithole iqiniso ngalezi zinganekwane.
Inganekwane #1: I-Alzheimer's ithinta abantu asebekhulile kuphela.
Iqiniso: Nakuba abantu abaningi beneminyaka engaphezu kuka-65, cishe u-5% weziguli bangase babe nezimpawu lapho beneminyaka engu-30, 40, noma 50. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Alzheimer's yasekuqaleni." Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo.
Inganekwane #2: Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kuyinto evamile uma umuntu ekhula.
Iqiniso: Kuvamile ukukhohlwa ukuthi ubekaphi okhiye bakho. Kodwa-ke, ukukhohlwa izikhombisi-ndlela zokuya endaweni oya kuyo njalo, usuku lwesonto, noma isizini kungaba izimpawu zesifo i-Alzheimer's. Lokhu akuyona ingxenye evamile yokuguga, kodwa yisifo.
Inganekwane #3: Akekho ofa ngenxa yesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Iqiniso: Ngokudabukisayo, i-Alzheimer's iyisifo esibulalayo. Lesi sifo singadala izimo ezibucayi njengokukhohlwa ukudla noma ukuphuza, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, kanye ne-pneumonia. Kungaba yingozi futhi empilweni, njengokulahlekelwa ukwazi kanye nengozi yokuya ezindaweni eziyingozi.
Inganekwane #4: Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezivimba lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
Iqiniso: Nakuba kunemithi engalawula izimpawu futhi inciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo ngandlela thile, ayikwazi ukuvimba noma ukuguqula ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Ungakhohliswa yinoma yiziphi izithasiselo noma ukudla okuthi "kuyakwelapha". Methembe njalo udokotela wakho.
Inganekwane #5: I-aluminium, imijovo yomkhuhlane, kanye nokugcwaliswa kwe-mercury kubangela i-Alzheimer's.
Iqiniso: Akukho bufakazi besayensi banoma yikuphi kwalokhu. Kuyinganekwane ephelele ukuthi amathini e-aluminium, izinto ezinambithekayo zokwenziwa (i-aspartame), noma ukugcwalisa isiliva emazinyweni kubangela i-Alzheimer's. Eqinisweni, ukuthola imijovo, njengomjovo womkhuhlane, kuhle empilweni iyonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba isifo i-Alzheimer singelapheki, imithi ingalawula izimpawu zaso kanye nesivinini sokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umuthi, futhi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokukhululekile. Ungalokothi uyeke noma uqale umuthi ngokusekelwe kwiseluleko sabanye.
- Lapho unakekela isiguli, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesimiso esiqhubekayo, isineke nothando.
- Landela njalo iseluleko sezokwelapha futhi ungakholelwa ezinganekwaneni noma ekwelashweni okungakaze kuqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi.
- Ukunakekela othandekayo kuyisibopho esikhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuthi unakekele nempilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba. Unganqikazi ukucela usizo uma uludinga.
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