Ingabe ingane yakho yazalwa ingenaso ingxenye enombala yeso layo? Singaxoxa ngemininingwane ngo-Aniridia?

Ngesikhathi ingane yakho encane izalwa okokuqala, ingabe kukhona okukubonile okungajwayelekile noma okuhlukile ngamehlo ayo amancane? Ngezinye izikhathi, nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, izingane zizalwa zinengxenye enombala yeso, i-iris, abanye abayibiza ngokuthi "indandatho emnyama", engekho ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yayo. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi (i-Aniridia) . Ukuzwa leli gama kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluhle ngalokhu. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngokucacile namuhla.

Iyini ngempela i-Aniridia? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-Aniridia yisimo lapho umntwana ezalwa khona enengxenye enombala yamehlo akhe, i-iris, engekho noma engekho nhlobo. Ezinye izingane azinayo nhlobo i-iris. Ezinye zingase zibe nengxenye encane kuphela ye-iris kuwo womabili amehlo.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi simo (i-Aniridia) sihlala sithinta amehlo omntwana womabili. Akuyona into ethinta iso elilodwa kuphela. Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa. Ngoba uma ubheka amehlo, kusobala ukuthi lesi sikhumba se-iris asikho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-iris yengane incane kangakanani, lesi simo (i-Aniridia) sizothinta umbono wakhe. Futhi, kungaba yimbangela yezinye izinkinga zamehlo njengoba ekhula.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni zethu ezincane? Yini ebangela i-Aniridia?

Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeke enganeni yami?" I-Aniridia iyisifo sofuzo. Okusho ukuthi, sibangelwa ushintsho kuma-gene ngaphakathi kwamaseli emizimba yethu.

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, imbangela enkulu yalokhu ushintsho ku-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-(PAX6) . Le-gene (PAX6) ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba, ngesikhathi umntwana esesibelethweni, le-gene iyasiza ekwakhekeni kwamehlo engane, ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, umgogodla kanye nezitho ezifana ne-pancreas. Lolu shintsho lwe-gene luvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto ayi-12 kuya kwangu-14 okukhulelwa.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo (i-Aniridia)? (Izici eziyingozi)

I-Aniridia ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezinabazali abanalesi simo. Isibonelo, uma noma yimuphi umzali ene-Aniridia, kunethuba elingu-50/50 lokuthi nengane yakhe nayo izoba naso.

Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi uma une-Aniridia, zonke izingane zakho zizoba nayo. Kusho nje ukuthi kunengozi ephakeme kancane kunezinye.

Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi ingane ingaba nalesi simo ngisho noma bobabili abazali bengenayo i-Aniridia. Sikubiza ngokuthi yi-sporadic, okusho ukuthi kwenzeka ngokungahleliwe . Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezintathu ingahlakulela i-Aniridia ngale ndlela.

Yiziphi izimpawu esingazibona enganeni ene-Aniridia?

Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye enombala yeso lomntwana, i-iris, ayikho, i -puppy ingase ibonakale inkulu kunokujwayelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuma kwale puppy kungashintsha kusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye. Futhi, kungaba nzima ngabo ukulungisa amehlo abo abe nokukhanya okukhanyayo noma okufiphele. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele noma ingxenye: Ukubona kungase kunciphe esweni elilodwa noma kuwo womabili.
• Umbono ofiphele: Ungase ungakwazi ukubona izinto ngokucacile.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo: Ngezinye izikhathi amehlo angaba buhlungu.
• Ukubona okuphansi: Ukubona kungaba kubi kakhulu.
• Ukwesaba ukukhanya: Ubunzima bokubuka ukukhanya, amehlo angase azizwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ingabe i-Aniridia ingabangela ezinye izinkinga?

Yebo, ingane ene-Aniridia ingase ingabi ne-iris enciphile kuphela, kodwa futhi nezingxenye zeso ezisiza ekuboneni, njengemizwa ye-optic kanye ne-retina.

Futhi, njengoba izingane ezine-Aniridia zikhula, zinamathuba amaningi okuthola ezinye izifo zamehlo eziningana. Isibonelo:

• Ama-cataract: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeso.
• Ama-cornea aguqubele: Ukufiphala kwe-membrane ecacile ngaphambili kweso.
• I-Glaucoma: Isimo lapho ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso ikhuphuka khona, okulimaza inzwa yokubona.
• I-Nystagmus: Ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokungalawuleki kwamehlo emuva naphambili.

Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi izingane ezine-aniridia engavamile, ikakhulukazi, zisengozini enkulu yokuthola uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza wezinso olubizwa ngokuthi i-Wilms tumor. Ngenxa yokuthi i-gene (PAX6) esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili ayithinti amehlo kuphela kodwa futhi nokukhula kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okuhlanganisa nezinso, izinguquko kuleyo gene zingathinta nezinye izingxenye. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bayakunaka lokhu futhi.

Odokotela basithola kanjani ngokunembile lesi simo (i-Aniridia)?

Ngokuvamile, udokotela angasithola lesi simo (i-Aniridia) ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa, ngoba kusobala ngokushesha ukuthi amehlo omntwana awanaso i-iris.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe ne-Aniridia noma esinye isimo sofuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi othile emndenini wakho unalesi simo noma ngezinye izizathu, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kofuzo ngaphambi kokubeletha . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi kuwe ukuze ubone ukuthi ingane yakho isengozini yokuba nesimo sofuzo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-amniocentesis kungenziwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze ingane bese uluhlola.

Yini engenziwa ukwelapha umntwana one-Aniridia?

Lapho belapha lesi simo (i-Aniridia), umgomo oyinhloko wodokotela ukugcina nokuthuthukisa umbono wengane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo engane yakho njalo ngudokotela wamehlo. Uma usheshe ubona izinguquko emehlweni engane yakho, amathuba akho okulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga ayanda.

Ingane ingadinga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo:

• Ama-Glass noma Ama-Contact Lens: Njengabanye abantu abanokukhubazeka kokubona, izingane ezine-Aniridia zingathuthukisa ukubona kwazo ngokusebenzisa izibuko noma ama-contact lens. Ama-contact anombala akhethekile ayatholakala ezinganeni ezine-Aniridia. Lawa abukeka njenge-iris yeso. Futhi asiza ukulawula inani lokukhanya okungena esweni futhi anciphise ukuzwela ekukhanyeni.
• Imithi: Uma ingane yakho inezinkinga ze-glaucoma noma ze-cornea, udokotela angase akunike amaconsi amehlo anemithi, izinyembezi zokwenziwa, noma eminye imithi .
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma kuvela i-cataract, kungadingeka isuswe ngokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract . Futhi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma kungadingeka ngezinye izikhathi ukulawula lesi simo. Njengokwelashwa okusha, ezinye izingane zingase zibe nenketho yokufaka ama-irises okwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lokhu kuseyindlela yokwelapha entsha kakhulu, akufaneleki kubo bonke abantwana. Lesi yisinqumo esenziwe udokotela.

Yiziphi izimo lapho kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emehlweni noma ekuboneni kwengane yakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Kufanele ngihlolwe amehlo engane yami kangaki?
• Ingabe ukufakelwa kwe-iris yokwenziwa kufanelekela ingane yami?
• Angakanani amathuba okuba ingane yami ibe nezinkinga?
• Yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu okufanele ngiziqaphele ngokukhethekile?

Esimweni esiphuthumayo, okungukuthi, uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele uyise ingane yakho esibhedlela ngokushesha:

• Uma ulahlekelwa ukubona ngokuzumayo.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni akho.
• Uma uqala ukubona izibani ezintsha phambi kwamehlo akho, noma uma uqala ukubona izinto ezintantayo ezimnyama.

Uma ingane yami ine-Aniridia, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Uma ingane yakho ine-Aniridia, ungalindela ukuthi ibe nezinkinga ezithile zokubona. Futhi, izodinga ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo impilo yayo yonke.Lena yindlela impilo yamehlo akhe eqashelwa ngayo.

Ngokwezibalo, cishe izingane eziyisishiyagalombili kweziyishumi ezine-Aniridia aziboni kahle noma zinokukhubazeka okuthile. Futhi, abantu abaningi abane-Aniridia bahlushwa yi-glaucoma, ngokuvamile abaneminyaka ephakathi kweyi-10 nengama-20.

Kodwa-ke, ungakhathazeki ngalezi zibalo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi yonke ingane ezelwe ne-Aniridia izoba nazo zonke lezi zinto. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi izici ezingathinta ngqo ingane yakho nokuthi yini ongayilindela njengoba ikhula.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ushaqekile lapho uthola ukuthi ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa inesifo esithinta umbono wayo lapho izalwa. I-Aniridia ingabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene, kodwa kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba (Umyalezo Ohamba Nawo Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sihlanganise amanye amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho futhi siwakhumbule:

• I-Aniridia yisimo lapho umntwana ezalwa khona engenawo wonke noma ingxenye yengxenye enombala yeso, i-iris.
• Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Ngokukhethekile, i-gene (PAX6) ihilelekile kulokhu.
• Lesi simo siyawuthinta umbono. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, singaholela nakwezinye izifo zamehlo njenge-cataracts kanye ne-glaucoma.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo kusenesikhathi bese uhlola amehlo engane yakho njalo ngudokotela wamehlo ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele yenziwe nakanjani.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha lesi simo (i-Aniridia). Lokhu kufaka phakathi izibuko, ama-contact lens, imithi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuhlinzwa.
• Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi udabuke uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokusekelwe ekwelulekweni kwezokwelapha okufanele. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza lonke usizo oludingayo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungayigcini kuwe. Buza udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wamehlo.

I- Aniridia, iris yeso, ingxenye enombala yeso, ukukhubazeka kokubona, i-PAX6 gene, izifo zamehlo, izifo zamehlo ezingane