Cabanga ungena ekhishini bese uzwa iphunga elimnandi lenyama eliphekiwe... kodwa awukwazi ukulizwa? Noma iphunga olithandayo? Wake waba nakho lokhu? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyingxenye evamile yomkhuhlane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo sokulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela, ngokwezokwelapha, i-anosmia.
Kalula nje, sinuka kanjani?
Lena inqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu.
Cabanga ngento enuka njengembali. Lokhu kudala "izinhlayiya zephunga" ezincane ezingabonakali emehlweni. Uma siphefumula, lezi zinhlayiya zingena ekhaleni lethu. Phezulu ekhaleni, kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile kakhulu zamaseli. Sibiza lawa ngokuthi "ama-neurons enzwa ephunga." Lawa afana nezinzwa ezincane ezithola iphunga.
Uma la ma-molecule ephunga exhuma kulawo maseli, lawo maseli athumela isignali ngqo ebuchosheni bethu. "Nansi iphunga." Bese ubuchopho bunquma ukuthi "leli yiphunga lezimbali," "leli yiphunga lokudla okumnandi," noma "leli yiphunga elingathandeki" bese busitshela. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa. Akumangalisi yini?
Ziyini izimpawu zokulahlekelwa yiphunga?
Isici esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi akunuki nhlobo. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo . Isibonelo, unuka kamnandi namuhla, kodwa uma uvuka kusasa ekuseni, awunuki nhlobo.
Kwabanye, lokhu kungenzeka kancane kancane . Ungase uqale uqaphele ukuthi iphunga olisebenzisayo alinaphunga elinamandla njengakuqala. Noma ungase uqaphele ukuthi iphunga lokudla alibonakali kangako. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala.
Kungani iphunga libi kangaka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Akukhona nje isizathu esisodwa sokulahlekelwa yiphunga, kungaba nezizathu eziningi. Ezinye ziyizizathu ezilula kakhulu, zesikhashana. Ezinye zingaba izimpawu zezimo zezokwelapha ezingathi sína. Ake sihlukanise lezi zizathu zibe yizigaba ezimbili.
1. Izimo ezivimba ikhala noma ezithinta ikhala
Lezi yizizathu ezivame kakhulu esizibonayo. Uma ama-molecule ephunga engakwazi ukufika emaseli athumela izimpawu ebuchosheni, asikwazi ukuhogela. Kufana nokuminyana kwezimoto.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane | Uma ikhala lakho livalekile futhi ligcwele umucu, izinhlayiya zephunga azikwazi ukuhamba zikhuphukele ekhaleni lakho. Lokhu kuzolunga ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus (i-Sinusitis) | Uma ama-sinus azungeze ikhala evuvukala futhi etheleleka, umuzwa wokuhogela uyancipha. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Izinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova zingabangela ukuthi ikhala lakho livuvuke, livaleke, futhi likwenze ulahlekelwe umuzwa wakho wokuhogela. |
| Ama-Polyps asekhaleni | Lezi yizimila ezithambile, ezingezona ezomdlavuza ezakheka ngaphakathi kwekhala. Uma zikhula zibe nkulu, zingavimba indlela engaphakathi kwekhala. |
| I-COVID 19 | Sonke siyazi ukuthi abantu abaningi balahlekelwa yimizwa yabo yokuhogela nokunambitha ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokutheleleka yi-COVID-19. |
2. Izimo ezithinta imizwa noma ubuchopho obunukayo
Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe ikhala lakho liphilile, ungase ulahlekelwe umuzwa wakho wokuhogela uma kukhona umonakalo kumaseli okuhogela, izindlela zemizwa ezivela kulawo maseli ziya ebuchosheni, noma ebuchosheni uqobo. Lezi ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu.
- Ukulimala Kobuchopho Obubuhlungu: Uma ushaya ikhanda lakho engozini, imizwa ehlobene nomuzwa wakho wokuhogela ingalimala.
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer kanye nesifo sika-Parkinson: Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwezifo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa.
- Izimila Zobuchopho: Uma kuvela isimila ezingxenyeni zobuchopho ezihlobene nephunga, singaphazamisa umuzwa wokuhogela.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye ne-multiple sclerosis (MS) nazo zingabangela ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela.
3. Ezinye izizathu
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi, njengemithi elwa namagciwane kanye nama-antihistamine, ingabangela ukulahlekelwa yiphunga njengomphumela ongemuhle.
- Ukubhema: Abantu ababhemayo kancane kancane balahlekelwa umuzwa wabo wokuhogela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukuguga: Njengoba sifika eminyakeni engu-50-60, umuzwa wethu wokuhogela kanye nokusebenza uqala ukwehla ngokwemvelo.
- I-Congenital Anosmia: Akuvamile ukuthi abanye abantu bazalwa bengenalo iphunga.
Ingabe ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kungaba yingozi?
Ukungakwazi ukuhogela akusho nje ukungakwazi ukuhogela iphunga elimnandi, imbali, noma isidlo esimnandi. Futhi kuyisimo esibaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwethu.
Iphunga lifana nesimiso semvelo sokuxwayisa somzimba wethu.
- Ingozi yokudla ukudla okonakele: Okokuqala siyazi ukuthi ukudla konakele yini ngenxa yephunga lako. Umuntu ongenalo iphunga cishe uzothola ubuthi ekudleni ngisho nangemva kokudla ukudla okonakele.
- Ukungakwazi ukubona umlilo noma intuthu: Uma kukhona umlilo endlini, sixwayiswa kuphela uma sizwa into evuthayo. Uma singayizwa, kungase kube sekwephuzile ukubona ingozi.
- Ukungakwazi ukubona ukuvuza kwegesi noma amakhemikhali: Uma sizwa iphunga legesi emakhaya ethu, sithatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Umuntu ongenalo iphunga angase angakwazi ukubona isimo esiyingozi kangaka.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uqhubeka nokuba nenkinga yokunuka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Ngokuvamile, uzothunyelwa kudokotela ohlinzayo wezindlebe, impumulo nomphimbo (ENT) ngenxa yalezi zimo.
Udokotela uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo:
- Kusukela nini awusanuki?
- Ingabe lokhu kwenzeke konke ngesikhathi esisodwa noma kancane kancane?
- Zikhona yini ezinye izimpawu (umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ikhanda elibuhlungu)?
- Uke washaya ikhanda lakho noma kuphi muva nje?
Ngemuva kwalokho, uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile ukuhlola ingaphakathi lekhala lakho ukuze ahlole noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa, njenge-polyps.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathatha izivivinyo zokuhlonza iphunga . Lokhu kuhilela ukukuvumela ukuthi uzwe iphunga lezinto ezahlukahlukene (isib. ikhofi, insipho, i-mint) kanye nokukucela ukuthi usho ukuthi ziyini.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kusolwa ukuthi inkinga ihlobene nobuchopho, kunganconywa i-MRI noma i-CT scan .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kwe-anosmia kuncike ngqo embangela.
- Uma kungenxa yokutheleleka: Uma kuyinto efana nokutheleleka kwe-sinus, umuzwa wakho wokuhogela uzobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma ukutheleleka sekwelaphekile ngama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela wakho.
- Uma kungenxa yokungezwani komzimba: Ama-antihistamine noma ama-spray ekhala anganikeza impumuzo.
- Uma kungenxa yokuvaleka okufana nama-polyp asekhaleni:Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungalawulwa ngemithi. Uma kungenjalo, inqubo encane yokuhlinzwa yokususa la maqhubu anenyama ingabuyisela umuzwa wokuhogela.
- Uma kungenxa yemithi: Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi umuzwa wakho wokuhogela unciphile ngenxa yemithi oyiphuzayo, uzokunikeza omunye umuthi esikhundleni salokho.
- Uma kubangelwa ukubhema: Ukuyeka ukubhema kungabuyisela umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ngezinga elithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zokulahlekelwa iphunga ezibangelwa ukuguga noma izifo zezinzwa ezifana ne-Alzheimer's azikatholakali.
Eminye imibuzo ongase uzibuze yona
Ungakwazi yini ukunambitha ngaphandle kokuhogela?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo ithi, yebo, umnandi ngezinga elithile. Kodwa hhayi njengoba wawunjalo ngaphambili.
Ama-flavour ezilimi zethu angabona ukunambitheka oku-5 okuyinhloko (okumnandi, okumuncu, okunosawoti, okubabayo, kanye ne-umami). Kodwa lokho esikuzwayo ngempela "njengokunambitheka" kokudla kuyinhlanganisela yokunambitheka esikuzwayo olimini lwethu kanye nephunga esilizwayo ekhaleni lethu.
Ake uzicabange udla ucezu lwe-vatalappan. Ulimi lwakho luzozwa ubumnandi. Kodwa uma ikhala lakho lingawuzwanga ukunambitheka kwe-cardamom ne-nutmeg, ngeke uthole ulwazi oluphelele "lokunambitha kwe-vatalappan". Kunambitheka njengento emnandi nje.
Ingabe i-'Anosmia' ne-'Parosmia' zizinto ezimbili ezihlukene?
Yebo. Ungaphambanisi lokhu.
- I-Anosmia: ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwephunga.
- I-Parosmia: Lokhu kuwumuzwa ophambene wokuhogela. Okusho ukuthi, iphunga elihle libhekwa njengelibi. Isibonelo, iphunga lekhofi lingase linuke njengerabha elishisiwe kuwe.
Uma ngingayinuki, ngingaqaphela kanjani?
Kuze kube yilapho umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ubuya, udinga ukucabanga ngokukhethekile ngokuphepha kwakho.
- Faka izinto zokubona intuthu: Qiniseka ukuthi uzifaka ekhaya nasemsebenzini, futhi uhlole amabhethri azo njalo.
- Hlola izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi: Uma uthenga futhi usebenzisa ukudla, hlola usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngokucophelela. Ungahluleli ukuthi konakele yini ngenxa yephunga.
- Nakekela izinto zikagesi: Njalo hlola ukuthi izinto ezifana nezitofu zikagesi namasilinda zisebenza kahle. Uma kungenzeka, faka umshini wokubona ukuvuza kwegesi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anosmia iyisimo esivamile. Ivame ukubangelwa izinto zesikhashana ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka kwama-sinus.
- Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi, njengesifo sikashukela, ukulimala ekhanda, noma isimo sezinzwa.
- Uma ungasakwazi ukunuka izinsuku eziningana ngemva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho usuphelile, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
- Ngezikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukunuka khona, thatha izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela ezingozini ezifana nomlilo, ukuvuza kwegesi, kanye nokudla okonakele.
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