Uma lina kancane, uma uthinta uthuli oluncane, noma uma udla okuthile, uqala ukuthimula ngokungayeki, bese amanzi ephuma ekhaleni lakho njengepayipi? Ingabe amehlo akho abomvu futhi ayaluma? Ingabe ikhala lakho livalekile futhi kunzima ukuphefumula? Lezi yizimpawu ezicasulayo 'zokungezwani komzimba' esizaziyo sonke. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, abaningi bethu bajwayele ukuya ekhemisi bayocela umuthi. Kodwa abaningi bethu abazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi yalokhu kungezwani komzimba. Akuzona zonke ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngale mithi yokungezwani komzimba , umehluko phakathi kwayo, nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani umuthi ofanelana kahle nezimpawu zakho.
Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi yokungezwani komzimba
Kalula nje, imithi emibili evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokungezwani komzimba yimithi yokubulala amagciwane kanye nemithi yokuqeda ukuminyana kwegazi . Le mithi ingase ingayiqedi ngokuphelele i-allergy yakho. Kodwa-ke, ingakunikeza impumuzo esheshayo ezimpawini ezicasulayo njengekhala eligobhozayo kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala. Le mithi itholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Amaphilisi
- Uketshezi
- Izifutho zekhala
- Amaconsi eso
- Izifutho zokuphefumula
- Okhilimu besikhumba
- Imijovo
Manje ake sibheke lezi zinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi ngokwehlukana.
Ayini "ama-antihistamine"?
Cabanga nje, lapho into esingayithandi, njengothuli noma impova, ingena emzimbeni wethu (i-allergen), amasosha ethu omzimba ayaphazamiseka bese ekhipha isithunywa samakhemikhali esibizwa ngokuthi “i-histamine.” Le histamine yiyona ebangela amehlo alumayo, ikhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.
Lokho okwenziwa yi-antihistamine ukuvimba i-messenger histamine ukuthi ingaxhumani namaseli emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nokuvala umnyango. Bese lezo zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezicasulayo ziyaphela.
Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ziqale, njengoba kulula ukulawula inani le-histamine emzimbeni. Uma une-allergies njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese ubuza ukuthi kungaba ngumqondo omuhle yini ukuqala ukuthatha umuthi cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba ziqale.
Ama-antihistamine nawo ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwe-antihistamine | Okukhethekile | Izibonelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa |
|---|---|---|
| Isizukulwane Sokuqala | Lokhu kungabangela ukozela okukhulu ngoba kuhamba kalula kusuka egazini kuya ebuchosheni. Gwema ukuzithatha uma ushayela noma usebenzisa imishini. | I-Chlorpheniramine (i-Piriton), i-Diphenhydramine (i-Benadryl), i-Clemastine (i-Tavist) |
| Isizukulwane Sesibili | Lezi azivamile ukubangela ukozela ngoba azihambi kakhulu ziye ebuchosheni, okwenza kube lula ukuzisebenzisa ngisho nasemini. | I-Cetirizine (Zyrtec), i-Loratadine (Claritin), i-Fexofenadine (Allegra), i-Desloratadine (Clarinex) |
Ziyini "izidakamizwa zokuqeda ukuminyana"?
Igama elithi decongestant lisho 'ukunciphisa ukuminyana.' Uma sinesifo sokungezwani komzimba noma umkhuhlane, imithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi kwekhala lethu iyavuvukala. Yilapho ikhala lethu livaleka khona.
Imithi yokukhulula ukuminyana isebenza ngokunciphisa le mithambo yegazi evuvukele. Lokhu kukhulula isikhala ngaphakathi kwekhala, kunciphisa ukuminyana, futhi kwenza ukuphefumula kube lula. Lokhu kuyatholakala njengamaphilisi, uketshezi, kanye nezifutho zamakhala.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Imithi yokukhulula ukuminyana ayifanele wonke umuntu. Ingase ingafaneleki kubantu abanezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, i-glaucoma, noma i-hyperthyroidism . Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi.
Okuthile okukhethekile mayelana nezifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni
Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu uma usebenzisa izifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni. Nakuba zingase zinikeze impumuzo esheshayo, akufanele zisetshenziswe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngesikhathi.
Uma uqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa, ungase ube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "ukusabela kokubuyela emuva." Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa umuthi, impumulo yakho izoqala ukuvaleka kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ngakho khumbula ukusebenzisa isifutho esinjengalesi kuphela izinsuku ezi-3.
Imithi enamandla kakhulu kanye nokwelashwa
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukungezwani komzimba kungaba nzima ukulawula ngama-antihistamine avamile noma ama-decongestant. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Ama-Corticosteroids (izinhlobo zama-steroid)
Le yimithi enamandla enciphisa ngqo ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba. Iwusizo kakhulu kubantu abanokungezwani komzimba njalo kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala. Iza ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukufutha kwamakhala (isib. i-Fluticasone, i-Mometasone), ama-inhaler, kanye namaphilisi. Uma usebenzisa i-steroid nasal spray, kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto ukubona imiphumela ephelele. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nesineke futhi uqhubeke nokuyisebenzisa.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
- Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba (Allergen Immunotherapy): Lokhu kungaba yisisombululo esihle kubantu abane-allergy yonyaka wonke futhi abangatholi impumuzo enkulu emithini. Okwenzayo ukubanika uchungechunge lwemijovo yenani elincane kakhulu le-allergen esikhathini esiyiminyaka eminingana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba wakho uyajwayela futhi ukusabela kwe-allergy kuyanyamalala.
- Ama-Mast Cell Stabilizers: Lawa amisa umsebenzi wama-mast cell, akhipha i-histamine.
- Ama-Leukotriene Inhibitors: Ama-Leukotrienes angolunye uhlobo lwamakhemikhali abangela ukungezwani komzimba, njenge-histamine. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ukusebenza kwayo. I-Montelukast (Singulair) iyisibonelo esivame ukusetshenziswa.
- Imijovo Ye-Epinephrine Ephuthumayo: Le mijovo isetshenziselwa abantu abanesifo sokungezwani komzimba esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis , esingasongela impilo. Uma une-allergy enzima, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uphathe i-auto-injector efana nale.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukhetha umuthi.
Nakuba eminye yale mithi ingathengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela kadokotela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha imithi efanele izimpawu zakho.
Ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, noma izinkinga ze-prostate , kufanele nakanjani uthintane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi efana nemithi yokunciphisa ukuminyana.Khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho. Uzoncoma umuthi ophephile nofanele kakhulu wesimo sakho sempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antihistamine uhlobo lomuthi ovimba ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine futhi unciphise izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula, impumulo egobhozayo kanye nokulunywa.
- Ama-decongestant uhlobo lomuthi olusiza ekunciphiseni imithambo yegazi evuvukele ekhaleni, okudambisa ukuminyana kwamakhala.
- Ama-antihistamine amadala (esizukulwane sokuqala) angabangela ukozela okukhulu. Izinhlobo ezintsha (esizukulwane sesibili) azinawo amathuba amaningi okubangela ukozela.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa izifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu zilandelana.
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo senhliziyo, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi wokungezwani komzimba.
- Uma ukungezwani komzimba kwakho kungalawulwa ngemithi ejwayelekile, bona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike ama-corticosteroids noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezithile.
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