Ingabe une-allergy ezintweni ezithile? Ingabe uyathimula, unamehlo abomvu, futhi unesikhumba esilumayo uma uthinta uthuli oluncane, usondela ekati, noma lapho izimbali ezithile ziqhakaza? Kwabanye, lokhu kungezwani komzimba kukhulu kangangokuthi abakwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele. Ngisho noma kuncipha isikhashana ngemva kokuthatha imithi, kuqala kabusha lapho bevezwa kuleyo nto. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesisombululo esingcono kakhulu kulabo abaqhubeka nokuhlupheka ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba okunjalo. Lokho yi-Allergy Shots, noma i-Allergy Injections.
Kalula nje, yimiphi le mijovo yokungezwani komzimba?
Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba iyindlela yokwelapha ehilela ukujova umzimba wakho ngezinto ezincane kakhulu ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba (esizibiza ngokuthi yizinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ) ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Cabanga ngale ndlela, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wakho (amasosha omzimba) luyacasuka lapho lubona into ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kwakho (i-allergen) bese lusabela ngokweqile. Yilokho okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Lokho okwenziwa yilo mjovo ukunikeza umzimba wakho umthamo omncane kakhulu we-allergen ebangela ukungezwani komzimba, bese "ujwayela" amasosha omzimba wakho ukujwayela. Kufana nokufaka ingane kancane kancane ekudleni okusha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kancane kancane ukhulisa inani le-allergen emjovweni. Ekugcineni, amasosha omzimba wakho ayajwayela i-allergen futhi awethuki lapho eyibona, ethi, "O, lokhu kuyinto engiyaziyo." Ngemuva kwalokho izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ziyancipha kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziyanyamalala ngokuphelele.
Le ndlela yokwelapha ibizwa ngamanye amagama amaningana.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Allergen Immunotherapy (ngokuvamile okufushaniswa ngokuthi 'Immunotherapy')
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Immunotherapy Engaphansi Kwesikhumba (i-SCIT)
Lolu hlobo luni lokungezwani komzimba olunikezwayo?
Lo mjovo awukwazi ukunikezwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kahle ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko zokungezwani komzimba. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba le ndlela engasebenzi kuzo.
| Ukungezwani komzimba okwelaphayo | Ukungezwani komzimba okungelapheki |
|---|---|
| Ama-Allergens aqhutshwa emoyeni: Lokhu kufaka phakathi uthuli, impova evela ezihlahleni nasetshanini, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nesikhunta. | Ukungezwani Nokudla: Le ndlela ayisebenzi ekungezwani nokudla. |
| Izinambuzane Ezihlabayo: Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okubangelwa ukuhlatshwa yizinambuzane ezifana nezinyosi, iminyovu, kanye nezimpondo. | Ukungezwani Nemithi: Le ndlela ayisetshenziswa futhi ekungezwani nemithi ethile. |
| Ukungezwani Ne-Latex: Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza uma ungezwani ne-latex ukuyigwema. |
Kalula nje, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kokungezwani nokudla, izidakamizwa kanye ne-latex ukugwema lezo zinto ngangokunokwenzeka.
Inqubo yokujova yenziwa kanjani?
Lokhu akusikho ukujova kanye kuphela. Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside . Noma ubani oneminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu angathola lokhu kwelashwa, kodwa udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi kulungile yini kuwe.
Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze athole ukuthi yini ngempela ekwenza uzwele. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili.
Isigaba 1: Isigaba Sokwakheka
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzodingeka uthathe umjovo kanye noma kabili ngesonto. Lokhu kuzothatha cishe izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-10. Lokhu kuhilela ukuqala ngesilinganiso esincane kakhulu se-allergen bese ukhulisa kancane kancane umthamo njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela.
Isigaba 2: Isigaba Sokulungisa
Uma umzimba wakho usujwayele umthamo omkhulu, isinyathelo esilandelayo yisigaba sokugcina. Yilapho udinga ukuthatha khona umjovo cishe kanye ngenyanga. Lesi sigaba sizoqhubeka iminyaka engaba mi-3 kuya kwemi-5 . Kungathatha isikhathi eside uma ukungezwani komzimba kwakho kukhulu kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokujova, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzohlanza isikhumba ngento efana notshwala bese evame ukujova engalweni yakho engenhla.
Kubaluleke kakhulu:
Ngemva kokuthola umjovo, kumele uhlale endaweni efanayo lapho udokotela ekhona okungenani imizuzu engama-30. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ukusabela okungazelelwe kokungezwani nomjovo kungenzeka. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungelashwa ngokushesha khona lapho.
Izimpawu zalolu hlobo lokusabela zingafaka:
- Ukuluma
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukuphefumula
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ama-Hives
Akuvamile kakhulu, i-anaphylaxisKungaba nokusabela okubi kakhulu, okusongela ngisho nokuphila. Kulesi simo, umfutho wegazi wehla ngokuzumayo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liyakhuphuka, futhi ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha. Yingakho leso sikhathi semizuzu engama-30 sibaluleke kangaka.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya ngemva komjovo, gwema ukuzivocavoca noma ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo amahora amabili. Lezi zinto zandisa ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho, okungasakaza i-allergen emjovweni wonke umzimba wakho ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungase kungabi yinkinga enkulu, kusafanele uqaphele.
Ingabe kukhona izimo lapho lo mjovo kungafanele unikezwe khona?
Yebo, kunezimo ezithile lapho lokhu kwelashwa kungafanele kuthathwe khona. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
- Uma unomkhuhlane (ngaphezu kuka-100°F / 37.7°C): Ungawutholi umjovo uma unomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile.
- Uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma: Uma uthatha umjovo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu.
- Uma uthatha umuthi obizwa ngokuthi ama-beta-blockers: Lona uhlobo lomuthi ovame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Le mithi inganciphisa ukusebenza kwe -epinephrine esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis). Ngakho-ke uma uthatha le mithi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kuphephile yini ukuthola imijovo yokungezwani komzimba.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubona imiphumela? Ingabe lokhu kuyasebenza ngempela?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Awukwazi ukulindela imiphumela esheshayo kulokhu kwelashwa.
Kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-8 ukuthi abantu abaningi baqaphele ukwehla kwezimpawu, futhi kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukubona imiphumela ephelele.
Ngakho-ke, ukubekezela kubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu.
Ngokuphathelene nempumelelo, cishe abantu abangu-80% abathatha lolu hlobo lokwelashwa babona ukwehla okukhulu kwezimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba akupheli ngokuphelele, kodwa izimpawu zilawulwa kuze kube yilapho ungaphila ngaphandle kwemithi. Cishe abantu abangu-60% abaqeda ukwelashwa iminyaka engu-3-5 babona imiphumela ehlala njalo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba akubuyi ngisho nangemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa.
Azikho yini izinkinga kulokhu?
Ububi obukhulu ingozi encane yokuba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomjovo. Kodwa yingakho udokotela ezokuqapha imizuzu engama-30.
Enye into ukwesaba izinaliti. Kodwa lo mjovo usebenzisa inalithi encane kakhulu.Ngakho-ke awuzizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu. Futhi, lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside, ezinikele. Kungaba nzima kwabanye ukubona udokotela njalo ngeviki noma ngenyanga. Kodwa uma ubheka ukululama kwesikhathi eside, kuyakufanelekela ukuzidela.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Allergy Shots kanye ne-Allergy Drops?
Amaconsi okungezwani komzimba umuthi owuketshezi ofakwa ngaphansi kolimi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) . Nakuba le ndlela ivunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, ayikho kwamanye. Kukhona namaphilisi okungezwani komzimba anikezwa kuphela ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba okuthile. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ngolwazi olwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yesikhathi eside nephumelelayo yokungezwani komzimba okuvamile, hhayi ikhambi elisheshayo.
- Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka kancane kancane i-allergen emzimbeni, okuvumela amasosha omzimba ukuba ajwayele.
- Ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kufanelekile noma cha, kubalulekile ukuthi uqale ubonane nochwepheshe bese uhlolwa.
- Kumelwe uhlale esikhungweni sezokwelapha imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuthola umjovo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwelapha noma yiziphi izimo eziphuthumayo.
- Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana noma ngisho nonyaka ukubona imiphumela, ngakho-ke isineke nokuzinikela kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalokhu kwelashwa, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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