Ngesikhathi ingane yakho idlala noma ilele, wake wazizwa sengathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yayo kungazelelwe kubonakala sengathi kuyashesha kakhulu? Noma ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala sengathi kushaya ngokushesha kakhulu? Mhlawumbe uma isikhulile kancane, izokutshela ukuthi, "Mama, isifuba sami sishaya ngokushesha kakhulu" noma "Kuzwakala sengathi kunesigubhu esifubeni sami." Kuvamile ukuthi umama noma ubaba azizwe esaba kancane lapho ezwa noma ebona into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, isikhathi esiningi lokhu akukubi kangako. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalezi zinguquko esigqini senhliziyo ezenzeka ezinganeni, okuyisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-arrhythmia ngokwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-arrhythmia?
I-Arrhythmia, kafushane nje, yinoma yiluphi ushintsho esigqini esivamile senhliziyo yethu. Lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane.
Kunezinto eziningana ezingenzeka lapha:
- Inhliziyo yengane yakho ishaya ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile .
- Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile .
- Kuzwakala sengathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyaphazamisa .
- Ukuba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe .
Esikhathini esiningi, lesi simo asidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, singaba sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani? Incazelo emfushane
Ngaphambi kokuba siqonde ukuthi iyini i-arrhythmia, ake sibheke kalula ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani ukugcina isigqi. Cabanga ngenhliziyo njengegumbi elincane 'lenjini'. Inesistimu kagesi ekhethekile. Yilokhu okulawula ijubane kanye nesigqi senhliziyo.
Njengohlelo lwezintambo endlini, lokhu kusebenza futhi isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
1. Isibonakaliso sokuqala: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye kuqala ngesibonakaliso sikagesi esivela eqenjini elincane lamaseli ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwenhliziyo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ``i-Sinoatrial node`` noma ``i-SA node``. Lena 'i-pacemaker' yemvelo yenhliziyo.
2. Amakamelo aphezulu ayafinyela: Lesi siginali kagesi sibangela ukuthi amakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo (i-'Atria') afinyele, sipompe igazi liye emakamelweni amabili aphansi (i-'Ventricles').
3. Isignali iyehla: Lesi signali sibe sesiya kwelinye iqembu lamaseli. Sibizwa ngokuthi ``i-Atrioventricular node`` noma ``i-AV node``. Lokhu kufana ``nocingo`` oluthwala ugesi kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.
4. Amakamelo aphansi ayafinyela: I-AV node ithumela esinye isignali emakamelweni amabili aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricle). Lapho amakamelo amabili aphansi ethola leso signali, ayafinyela, akhiphe igazi liphume enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke.
5. Phumula bese uqala kabusha: Ekugcineni, amakamelo amabili ayaphumula, bese kuqala ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusha ngesignali kagesi elandelayo.
Uma le nqubo yenzeka kahle, inhliziyo ishaya ngesivinini esijwayelekile kanye nesigqi. Kodwa uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka noma inkinga noma kuphi kulesi simiso sikagesi, khona-ke kuvela i-arrhythmia.
Ivame kangakanani i-arrhythmia ezinganeni?
Eqinisweni, i-arrhythmia ivame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi imvamisa ayinangozi . Lokho kusho ukuthi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Kodwa njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, akuvamile kakhulu, lesi simo singaba sibi noma sibe yingozi empilweni. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka ezinganeni?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Ake sizihlukanise ngezigaba.
| Uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Izinhlobo eziqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-Atria) | |
| I-Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olubonakala ezinganeni. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba ngokushesha okukhulu ngokuzumayo. Kuqala sengathi kuvuliwe iswishi yokukhanyisa, bese kuyeka ngokuzumayo. Kungabangelwa futhi yizimo zokuzalwa ezifana ne -Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome . |
| Ukukhukhuleka kwe-Atrial | Ngisho noma inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kulokhu, kukhona iphethini ethile kanye nokuhleleka kwayo. |
| I-Atrial Fibrillation | Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngokungajwayelekile, ngendlela exakile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile ezinganeni. |
| Ukuncishiswa Kwe-Atrial Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi (ama-PAC) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuzwakala 'njengokushaya okwengeziwe' noma 'ukushaya okuphuthelwe'. |
| Izinhlobo eziqala emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricle) | |
| Ukuncishiswa Kwama-Ventricular Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi (ama-PVC) | Lokhu kufana nokwangaphambilini, kodwa lokhu kushaya okwengeziwe kuqala emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. |
| I-Ventricular Tachycardia (i-V-tach) | Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zikagesi ezivela emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. |
| I-Fibrillation ye-Ventricular | Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Esikhundleni sokufinyela nokupompa igazi ngendlela efanele, amakamelo angezansi enhliziyo ayathuthumela. |
| Ezinye izinhlobo | |
| I-Bradycardia | Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Uma ingane ingenazo ezinye izimpawu, lokhu ngokuvamile akulona ingozi. |
| Ukuvimba Inhliziyo | Ukubambezeleka noma ukuvaleka ngokuphelele kwesignali kagesi ehamba isuka phezulu iye phansi kwenhliziyo. |
Ngakho-ke iyini i-Sinus Arrhythmia?
Ungase wesabe ukuzwa leli gama. Kodwa i-'Sinus Arrhythmia' akuyona inkinga yezokwelapha. Yisimo esivamile nesinempilo esibonakala ezinganeni.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kukhula kancane uma idonsa umoya futhi kwehla kancane uma ikhipha umoya. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sempilo enhle yenhliziyo. Akudingi ukwelashwa.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-arrhythmia ezinganeni?
Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwe-arrhythmia ingane enalo. Ezinye izingane zingase zingabonisi nhlobo izimpawu. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki.
- Isiyezi , ikhanda elikhanyayo, noma ukuquleka (i-syncope).
- Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu noma ubuthakathaka.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuwumuzwa wenhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu . Kungazwakala njengezimvemvane ezindiza esifubeni, njengokuvuleka komnyango, noma njengomsindo wenhliziyo ishaya kakhulu.
Umntwana omncane angakuqonda kanjani lokhu?
Usana olusanda kuzalwa noma ingane encane engakwazi ukukhuluma ngeke iziqonde lezi zinto. Ngakho-ke qaphela lezi zimpawu kumntwana onjalo:
* Ubunzima noma ukungathandi ukuphuza ubisi .
* Ukuzizwa ungenakuthula njalo noma ukhala ngaphandle kwesizathu.
* Ushintsho endleleni yokuphefumula.
* Umbala wesikhumba uyashintsha (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okhanyayo).
Akuvamile ukuthi uphawu lokuqala lube ukuquleka, ukuquleka, noma ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
Yini ebangela i-arrhythmia ezinganeni?
Esikhathini esiningi, izingane ezinezimo ezifana ne-SVT azinazo ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo sezinhliziyo zazo. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ezinye izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia.
- Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso .
- Izifo ezifana ne -cardiomyopathy , ezibangela ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo iqine futhi ikhule.
- Izimo zofuzo , isibonelo, i-long QT syndrome.
- Umkhuhlane, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukucindezeleka, ukungalali kahle, noma izimo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane.
- Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte kuma-electrolyte omzimba (isib. i-potassium, i-sodium).
- Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo enikezwa izingane ezisezindlini zokunakekelwa okujulile.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uthola lokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile noma ngesikhathi elapha esinye isimo. Uma unenkinga ngezimpawu zengane yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Udokotela uzobuza ngomlando wezokwelapha wengane nomndeni, alalele inhliziyo yengane, futhi ancome ukuhlolwa okuningana okufana nalokhu uma kudingeka.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, wenzani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Bahlola ukutheleleka, ukungalingani kosawoti, noma ezinye izinguquko zamakhemikhali emzimbeni. |
| I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo) | Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo ngokuningiliziwe. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Lokhu kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola engenabuhlungu. Izitika ezincane zifakwa esifubeni sengane bese kubhalwa phansi umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. |
| I-Holter Monitor | Lokhu kufana ne-'ECG yamahora angama-24'. Ingane icelwa ukuthi igqoke idivayisi encane futhi ihlale endaweni yayo evamile usuku lonke. Lokhu kuyivumela ukuthi ibone ukuthi isigqi senhliziyo yayo sishintsha kanjani usuku lonke. |
| Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiologic (EPS) | Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile. Ipayipi elincane lidluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi osemlenzeni noma engalweni liye enhliziyweni, bese udokotela ethola ngqo ukuthi isignali kagesi engavamile ivelaphi. |
Iphathwa kanjani i-arrhythmia?
Ezinye izifo ezihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha azidingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela uzothi kufanele ahlole isimo sengane isikhashana.
Kwezinye izimo, isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha siyalashwa. Isibonelo, uma kungenxa yokutheleleka, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic. Uma kungukungalingani kosawoti emzimbeni, kunikezwa imithi yokulungisa lokho.
Ezinye izingane zingase zinikwe amaphilisi anjenge-'beta-blockers' noma 'calcium channel blockers' ukuze zilawule ukushaya kwenhliziyo yazo.
Ezimweni ezingathi sína kakhulu, njengaleKungadingeka izinqubo ezithile:
- Ukususwa kwemisipha: Kulokhu, amangqamuzana amancane enhliziyweni abangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha ayabhujiswa kusetshenziswa ukushisa noma amandla okushisa aphezulu.
- Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo: Lena inqubo ebuyisela isigqi senhliziyo ngokufaka ukushaqeka kukagesi okulawulwayo enhliziyweni.
- Idivayisi Efakwe: Idivayisi, njenge-pacemaker noma i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo.
Zikhona yini izinto ongazenza ekhaya uma kuvela izimpawu?
Yebo. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okungazelelwe njenge-SVT, kunezinto ezilula ongazizama ngaphambi kokuya kudokotela. Kungcono ukucela iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukwenza lokhu.
- Ukuzama ukukhwehlela noma ukususa umphimbo wakho ngenkani .
- Ukubeka iphakethe leqhwa noma indwangu ecwiliswe emanzini abandayo ebusweni bengane.
- Indlela yeValsalva: Lokhu kuhilela ukuncinza ikhala lengane, ukuvala umlomo wayo, nokuzama ukuphefumula. Kufana nokufaka ibhaluni emoyeni. Lokhu kungandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesifuba futhi kusize ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
Okubalulekile: Uma ingane yakho iklinywa, inezinhlungu zesifuba ezinzima, noma inenkinga yokuphefumula, ungazami lezi zinto bese uyiyisa ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze .
Lesi simo sizokuthinta kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Lona umbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yabo bonke abazali: liyoba yini ikusasa lengane ene-arrhythmia?
- Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi ze-arrhythmia ezinganeni azinangozi futhi azibangeli izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside.
- Ezinye izingane ziyakhula zidlule kulesi simo njengoba zikhula .
- Abanye bayaqhubeka benalesi simo, kodwa bangaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
- Ngisho nezingane ezinezinkinga ezinkulu ze-arrhythmia zingelashwa ngempumelelo .
Akuvamile, uma kungelashwa , i-arrhythmia enkulu ingaholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi (okungabangela isifo sohlangothi uma liya ebuchosheni), ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ezinye izinkinga. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokungazinaki izimpawu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia) ezinganeni kuyisimo esivamile kakhulu futhi esivame ukuba nengozi, ngakho ungesabi.
- Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi, ukuquleka, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ungakuzibi. Qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela.
- 'I-Sinus Arrhythmia' yisimo esijwayelekile nesinempilo lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushintsha khona ngokuphefumula. Akusona isifo.
- Ngisho nezimo ezibucayi zingaphathwa kahle kakhulu ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngesimo sengane yakho, cela udokotela wakho akuchazele.
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