Impumuzo ezimpilweni zethu: Ake sixoxe ngobuchwepheshe bokusiza ngendlela elula!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinto ezikhona ezingasiza labo abanobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi ethile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke? Lolu hlobo losizo yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla, olubizwa ngokuthi "Ubuchwepheshe Bokusiza". Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngaleli gama. Noma wena noma othile omaziyo kungenzeka ukuthi wayedinga lolu hlobo losizo. Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi luyini, ukuthi ubani ozuza kulo, nokuthi angaluthola kanjani.

Kuyini Ubuchwepheshe Bokusiza? Kulula kakhulu!

Kalula nje, ubuchwepheshe bokusiza buyinoma yimuphi umkhiqizo noma isevisi ekusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi empilweni yakho yansuku zonke kalula. Lokhu kungafika ngezindlela eziningi. Cabanga ngezinto ezinjengalezi:

• Izinto ezibonakalayo: Izinto ezifana nesihlalo sokugeza, induku, kanye nezicathulo ezikhululekile eziklanywe ngokukhethekile (izicathulo zokwelapha).
• Izinsizakalo zedijithali: Izinto ezifana nesofthiwe yokuqaphela inkulumo eguqula lokho esikukhulumayo kube umbhalo, noma izifundi zesikrini ezisifunda lokho okusesikrinini sekhompyutha.
• Izici ezifinyelelekayo: Izinto ezifana nokusikwa komgwaqo okwenza kube lula ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile ukuwela umgwaqo, noma iminyango evuleka ngokucindezela inkinobho. Lezi zenzelwe ngempela ukuthi zisetshenziswe yiwo wonke umuntu.

Lobu buchwepheshe bokusiza (ngezinye izikhathi obubizwa ngokuthi "Ubuchwepheshe Obuguquguqukayo") buvame ukuklanywa ukusiza abantu abanokukhubazeka okuthile. Kodwa into emangalisayo ukuthi obuningi balobu buchwepheshe buwusizo kithi sonke .

Cabanga nje, kungaba lula kangakanani ukunqunywa komgwaqo ngomuntu osebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile ukuwela umgwaqo, kumama oqhuba ingane nge-stroller, noma kumhambi ophethe isikhwama esinzima? Ngokufanayo, isivuli sebhodlela esisiza umuntu onesifo samathambo ezandleni zakhe ukuvula isivalo sebhodlela, noma mhlawumbe ithuluzi elibalulekile kunoma ubani osebenza ekhishini. Uyaqonda?

Ubani osebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe bokusiza?

Eqinisweni, cishe sonke sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokusiza ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yethu. Ikakhulukazi kulabo abanezimo ezithinta indlela abashukumisa ngayo imizimba yabo, abacabanga ngayo, abafunda ngayo, noma abaxhumana ngayo nomhlaba obazungezile, ubuchwepheshe bokusiza bungaba usizo kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi bukhulule ngisho nokukhulula.

Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe bokusiza bungaba usizo kakhulu uma unezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-ALS (i-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
• Isifo samathambo (ukuvuvukala kwamalunga)
• Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukunaka/Ukuphazamiseka Kokusebenza Kakhulu (ADHD)
• I-Autism
• Ubumpumputhe noma ukubona okuphansi
• I-Dementia (ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo)
• I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Ubuthakathaka bomzimba `(Ubuthaka)`
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Ukulimala komgogodla

Lokhu kungaba usizo hhayi nje kuphela kulabo abanezimo ezinjengalezi, kodwa nakumuntu olahlekelwe yilungu okwesikhashana noma oselulama ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Yiziphi izinto ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obungakusiza ngazo?

Cabanga nje, lobu buchwepheshe bukuvumela ukuthi wenze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Hamba usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye (isib. isihlalo sabakhubazekile, izinduku zokusibekela)
• Geza.
• Gqoka.
• Yidla ukudla.
• Zola (isib. `(Izingubo zokulala ezinesisindo)`)
• Khuluma nabanye, lalela.
• Qalaza.
• Funda futhi ukhumbule ulwazi
• Lawula izimpawu
• Nakekela umuntu omthandayo, mgcine ephephile.

Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe bokusiza buyakusiza:

* Nqoba ezinye zezithiyo emphakathini.

* Yenza lokho ofuna ukukwenza nalokho okudingeka ukwenze.

* Zimele futhi usebenze ngendlela yakho.

* Hlala uphephile.

* Hambisa kalula ezindaweni ezintsha nezijwayelekile.

* Thola umsebenzi ofanela wena, owuthandayo, bese uwuphishekela.

Lokhu kuyinto enhle ngempela, akunjalo? Ukukwazi ukwenza okuthile wedwa kukunikeza injabulo enkulu yengqondo kanye nokuzethemba.

Ezinye izibonelo ze-Assistive Technologies

Kunezindlela eziningi kakhulu zobuchwepheshe bokusiza emhlabeni ezingabhalwa lapha. Futhi kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokuzihlukanisa ngezigaba. Uhlu olungezansi luhlukaniswe ngokuthi ungalusebenzisa kuphi futhi nini lobu buchwepheshe.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obusetshenziswa ekhaya

Lezi yizinto ozisebenzisayo ekhaya ukwenza Imisebenzi Yokuphila Kwansuku Zonke (ADLs), ukuphatha izimpawu, noma ukuhlala uphephile. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Izinsizakalo ze-alamu ziyakubona futhi zikuxwayise uma uwa.
• Amadivayisi athola i-carbon monoxide nezingozi zomlilo futhi akuxwayise hhayi ngomsindo kuphela kodwa nangokudlidliza (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abanenkinga yokuzwa).
• Amapuleti okudlela, izinkomishi, kanye nezitsha eziklanyelwe ukuba kube lula ukubamba nokuhlala uqinile.
• Thatha imigoqo ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kanye nebhalansi.
• Amathuluzi okubhucunga.
• Ama-ramp asetshenziselwa ukubeka ama-ramp emnyango wendlu noma ezindaweni ezifana nendlu yokugezela.
• Amadivayisi akusiza ukuthi ufinyelele kude, amasokisi akusiza, kanye nezinduku zokubopha.
• Izihlalo zeshawa.
• Ubuchwepheshe bekhaya obuhlakaniphile (isib., izibani ezilawulwa yizwi, amafeni).
• Izilifti zezitebhisi.
• Izingubo zokulala ezinesisindo (lezi zisiza ukuzola abantu abanezimo ezithile zengqondo).

Izinto ezivamile ongazithenga ekhaya ukuze zikusize

Ezinye izinto esizibheka njengezinto ezivamile zingasebenza njengobuchwepheshe bokusiza. Okusho ukuthi, lokho okwakha idivayisi yokusiza kuncike endleleni oyenza ngayo. Isibonelo:

• Ukuthenga umatrasi omusha njalo ngonyaka ngoba umhlane wakho udinga ukwesekwa.
• Ukunamathisela itheyiphu enemibala egqamile emaphethelweni efenisha ukuze ibonakale kahle (lokhu kuyasiza kulabo abangaboni kahle).
• Ukusebenzisa i-air conditioner ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho.

Uyabona? Ngisho nezinto ezincane zingaba usizo olukhulu.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obusetshenziswa lapho uphuma

Amabhizinisi, ohulumeni basekhaya, nabanye bafake la madivayisi nezinsizakalo ezindaweni ezifana nezitolo, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izibhedlela, nezindawo zokuzijabulisa. Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe benzelwe abantu abakhubazekile abahlukahlukene, benza impilo ibe lula kuwo wonke umuntu. Izibonelo:

• Izindlu zangasese ezifinyeleleka kalula.
• Izindawo zokupaka ezifinyeleleka kalula.
• Ama-lifti.
• Imihubhe kanye nezindawo zokungena zibanzi ngokwanele ukuhambahamba kalula.
• Izinkinobho "Cindezela ukuze uvule".
• Izitebhisi kanye nokusikwa kwe-curb.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obusetshenziswa noma kuphi

Kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuthile bokusiza obube yingxenye yokuphila, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuphi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amadivayisi akusiza ukuthi uhambe, kanye namadivayisi akusiza ukuthi ubone, uzwe, futhi ukhulume. Izibonelo:

• Izinduku, izithuthuthu zokuhamba, izikuta zokuhamba kanye nezihlalo zabakhubazekile.
• Izihlalo ezigoqekayo ziyaphatheka kalula futhi ungahamba nazo noma nini lapho udinga ukuhlala phansi.
• Izibuko zamehlo.
• Amathoyizi e-Fidget (asiza abanye abantu ukugxila).
• Izinsiza zokuzwa.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokucabanga.
• Ama-orthotics (isib., amadivayisi akhethekile afakwa ezicathulweni).
• Izitho zokwenziwa (izitho zokufakelwa).
• Izifundi zesikrini.
• Amadivayisi akhiqiza inkulumo.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza obusetshenziswa lapho kunakekelwa othile (Ukunakekela)

Uma ungumnakekeli, ubuchwepheshe bokusiza bungasiza ekugcineni othandekayo wakho ephephile. Obuningi balobu buchwepheshe bukuvikela futhi ekulimaleni.

Ubuchwepheshe obuningi ohlwini oludlule bungaba usizo lapho unakekela abanye. Kodwa nansi eminye izibonelo ezihlobene ngqo `(ukunakekela)`:

• Izinhlelo ze-alamu namamephu ezinzwa okukwazisa uma umnakekeli wakho edlula endaweni eqokiwe.
• Izingidi ezikhethekile zokuvikela umuntu omnakekelayo uma elahleka noma ewa.
• Dlulisa amadivayisi ukusiza umuntu omnakekelayo ukuthi ahambehamba (isibonelo, ukumsiza ukuthi asuke embhedeni aye esihlalweni sabakhubazekile, noma ukumsiza ukuthi ame endaweni ehleli).

Ngingazithola kanjani lezi zindlela zobuchwepheshe zosizo?

Uma ufuna ubuchwepheshe bokusiza wena noma othandekayo wakho, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukukhuluma nodokotela. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela osebenza eduze nawe noma othandekayo wakho - isibonelo, udokotela womndeni wakho (Umhlinzeki Wokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko), uchwepheshe, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba, noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha emsebenzini. Bangakutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lwemishini noma isofthiwe ezokusiza kakhulu.

Ungathola futhi iseluleko emabhodini emiyalezo aku-inthanethi. Abantu bathumela ngemikhiqizo ehlukene nokuthi ingasiza kanjani. Uma uyingxenye yeqembu lokusekelana noma umphakathi oku-inthanethi wabantu abanesifo esifanayo, ungase ukwazi ukuthola izincomo zezinto okungenzeka ukuthi awuzange uzicabange.

Uma ufuna ubuchwepheshe bokusiza ingane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wezingane, abahlinzeki bokungenelela kusenesikhathi, noma abaphathi besikole.

Ingabe i-Assistive Technologies idinga ukunikezwa imithi kadokotela?

Amanye amadivayisi okusiza adinga umuthi kadokotela, kanti amanye awadingi. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga umuthi kadokotela uma umshwalense wakho wezempilo uzokhokhela ingxenye yezindleko. Ezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni namaqembu omphakathi angase akwazi ukusiza ukukhokhela izindleko, kuye ngesimo sakho nezidingo zakho. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu futhi akuxhumanise nezinsizakusebenza.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuhamba namadivayisi okusiza?

Kuya ngedivayisi nokuthi uhamba kanjani. Ngokuvamile, amadivayisi amaningi okusiza akulula ukuwaphatha uma uhamba. Angaphuka kalula noma alahleke. Angase angangeni emapotimendeni noma ezithwalweni.

Uma imishini oyisebenzisayo ingekho lula ukuyiphatha, ungabheka izinketho zokuqasha. Ukuqasha umshini isikhathi esifushane (ukushiya imishini yakho evamile ekhaya) kukuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise noma ngabe uya kuphi, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokupakisha. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlela okwengeziwe futhi kungase kungenzeki njalo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlela ukuhamba futhi ukhathazekile ngokuphatha lezi zinto, kufanelekile ukubheka.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza, njengoba igama lisho, buyinto eyenzelwe ukukusekela nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyinto elula njengenduku noma into eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe bedijithali bamuva, kungathatha isikhathi ukujwayela. Yiba nesineke, yiba nomusa kuwe. Futhi ungangabazi ukucela isiqondiso noma iseluleko kudokotela.

Khumbula, lobu buchwepheshe bukhona ukuze wenze impilo yakho ibe lula, bukusize uzimele kakhudlwana futhi ujabule kakhudlwana. Ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo, bheka lokhu bese usizakala ngakho.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, sicela uxhumane nodokotela.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza, ukukhubazeka, imishini, impilo yansuku zonke, ukuzimela, impilo, iseluleko sezokwelapha