Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa ibhalansi yakho lapho uhamba, noma ukuthi unobunzima bokulawula izitho zakho? Mhlawumbe izandla zakho ziyaqhaqhazela lapho ubhala, ubamba indebe, noma ukhuluma kabi lapho ukhuluma? Lezi akuzona nje izinto ezingahleliwe. Kungase kube nesizathu sezokwelapha ngemuva kwalokhu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ataxia, esibangela izimpawu ezinjalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-ataxia?
I-Ataxia akuyona ngempela isifo, kodwa iyisibonakaliso. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, sibiza i-ataxia ngokuthi ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile nokungajwayelekile okwenzeka ngenxa yobuthakathaka bekhono lethu lokulawula imisipha yethu . Cabanga nje, ubuchopho bethu buyisikhungo esiyinhloko esilawula yonke intshukumo emzimbeni. Uma kunenkinga noma ukuphazamiseka kwezibonakaliso ezivela kulesi sikhungo kuya ezithweni, ukunyakaza kwethu kuba yisiphithiphithi. Ukuhamba, ibhalansi, izandla, amehlo, ngisho nenkulumo kungathinteka.
Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimo ezimbili i-Ataxia ne-Apraxia zingadidaniswa. Ku-Apraxia, ubuchopho buyakhohlwa ukuthi buwenza kanjani umsebenzi, noma ngabe imisipha isasebenza. Ku-Ataxia, ikhono lomzimba lokulawula imisipha liyalahleka.
Izimpawu ezivamile ezibonakala ku-ataxia
Umuntu one- ataxia angabonisa izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Bheka ukuthi unayo yini eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhamba okungazinzile | Uma ngihamba, ngikhubeka njengomuntu odakiwe, futhi kunzima ukuhamba uqonde. |
| Ukuhamba Okubanzi | Emizamweni yokugcina ibhalansi, ulingeka ukuba uhambe ngezinyawo zakho zihlukene. |
| Ibhalansi Embi | Ngisho noma uhleli noma umile nje, ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho bese uqala ukuwa. |
| Ukuhlanganiswa Okubi | Kunzima ukulawula izitho zomzimba. Uma ngizama ukufinyelela okuthile, kuyahamba kuya phambili naphambili. |
| Ubunzima bokwenza umsebenzi obucayi | Kuba nzima ukwenza imisebenzi ebucayi njengokubhala, ukunamathisela izinkinobho zehembe, nokudla. |
| Inkulumo Engacacile | Uma ukhuluma, amagama ayaphambana, ijubane liyehla, futhi awukwazi ukukhuluma ngesigqi esifanayo. |
| Ubunzima bokugwinya | Kuzwakala sengathi kuyaklinywa uma ugwinya ukudla noma isiphuzo. |
| Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungalawuleki | Amehlo ahamba ngokushesha emuva naphambili noma phezulu naphansi (i-Nystagmus). |
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-ataxia kuye ngokuthi imbangela ikuphi.
Kuye ngembangela eyisisekelo ye-ataxia, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko.
1. I-Cerebellar Ataxia
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luvela lapho i-cerebellum , ingxenye encane yobuchopho engemuva kobuchopho, yonakele. Ilawula ibhalansi yethu, ukuhamba, kanye nokunyakaza kwamalungu. Uma le ngxenye yonakele, izimpawu ezifana nokushintsha kwezwi, isiyezi, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokuthuthumela kwemisipha zingavela.
2. I-Sensory Ataxia
Lolu hlobo lubangelwa ukulimala kwemizwa emgogodleni wethu noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluseceleni emzimbeni wethu wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, izinyawo zethu zilahlekelwa ikhono lazo lokuzwa umhlabathi. Izimpawu ubuchopho obuzitholayo mayelana nokuthi umzimba ukuphi maqondana nomhlabathi ziyabuthakathaka.
- Kunzima ukuhamba ebumnyameni.
- Kunzima ukuthinta ikhala lakho ngomunwe wakho uma uhleli uvale amehlo.
- Uma behamba, bashaya phansi izinyawo zabo ngamandla bese behamba ngomsindo othi "thud".
3. I-Vestibular Ataxia
Lokhu kuthinta uhlelo lwe-vestibular endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi. Lolu hlelo yilona olubona ukunyakaza kwekhanda lethu futhi lusize silondoloze ibhalansi . Uma lolu hlelo lonakele,
- Isiyezi esinzima (i-Vertigo)
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Umbono ofiphele
- Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokuma noma ukuhlala uqonde.
4. Izinhlobo zofuzo ze-ataxia
Lezi yizimo ezingavamile ezizuzwa kubazali ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo.
- I-Friedreich 's Ataxia: Lokhu kuvame ukuqala ebuntwaneni, phakathi kweminyaka emi-5-15. Izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa umuzwa emilenzeni, ukukhuluma okungacacile, kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo.
- I-Ataxia-telangiectasia: Lesi futhi yisifo esingavamile sofuzo esiqala ebuntwaneni. Sibonakala ngokubonakala kwemithambo yegazi emincane, ebomvu, efana nesicabucabu (imithambo yesicabucabu) emakhoneni amehlo noma ezihlathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka.
- I-Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA): Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 zalokhu. Lokhu kuvela lapho umuntu ekhula futhi kancane kancane kuya kuba kubi. Kungabangela nezinkinga ngenkumbulo nokunaka.
Yini ebangela i-ataxia?
Izimbangela ze-ataxia zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu.
1. Izimbangela zofuzo: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-ataxia ingabangelwa yi-gene enephutha ezuzwe kumzali.
2. Izimbangela ezitholakale: Lokhu kubhekisela ku-ataxia ebangelwa ukulimala komgogodla noma imizwa ngenxa yesigameko noma isifo esithile ngesikhathi sokuphila.
- Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda
- Isifo sohlangothi noma ukopha ebuchosheni
- Izimila zobuchopho
- Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis
- Izinkinga zezinye izifo, njenge-chickenpox
- Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin E noma i-B12
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile
- Ukusabela kweminye imithi
- Ukungenisa ubuthi
3. Amacala e-Idiopathic: Ngezinye izikhathi, i-ataxia ingenzeka ngaphandle kwembangela yofuzo noma etholakale. Uma imbangela ethile ingatholakali ngisho nangemva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, iwela kulesi sigaba.
Dokotela, ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Uma unezimpawu ze-ataxia, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ayixilonge.
- Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokwezinzwa: Ibhalansi yakho, ukuhlangana, ukuhamba, ukusabela, ukubona, ukuzwa, kanye nenkumbulo kuzohlolwa.
- I-MRI noma i-CT scan: Lezi zivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe zingabheka isakhiwo sobuchopho futhi zithole umonakalo ku-cerebellum, isimila, noma ezinye izinkinga.
- Ukuhlolwa Koketshezi Lomgogodla: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukubhoboza i-lumbar kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nokutheleleka noma ezinye izinkinga ngokuthatha isampula yoketshezi oluvela emgogodleni.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo: Uma kusolwa uhlobo lwe-ataxia oluzuzwe njengefa, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlonza izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ezifanele.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-ataxia?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-ataxia. Izindlela zokwelapha zincike ohlotsheni lwe-ataxia onayo kanye nembangela yayo eyisisekelo.
Isibonelo, uma i-ataxia yakho ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ingelashwa ngokunikeza amavithamini. Uma ibangelwa umuthi, ungawuyeka lowo muthi bese ushintshela komunye.
Ezimweni lapho imbangela ingelapheki, ukwelashwa kusiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi kwenze impilo ibe lula.
- Imithi: Imithi inganikezwa ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokuzungeza, ukuqina kwemisipha, kanye nokuthuthumela.
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Kunikezwa izivivinyo nezeluleko ukuze kuthuthukiswe ibhalansi kanye nokuxhumana, futhi kwenziwe ukuhamba kube lula.
- Ukwelapha Ngomsebenzi: Kufundisa amasu namathuluzi okukusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuzimela, njengokudla nokugqoka.
- Ukwelashwa Kwenkulumo: Ukuzivocavoca kanye namasu okuphefumula kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa imisipha edingekayo ukubhekana nokukhuluma okungacacile kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.
Yini ongayenza uma uphila ne-ataxia?
Ukuphila ne-ataxia kungaba yinselele, kodwa kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze wenze impilo ibe lula.
- Amadivayisi Azivumelanisa Nezimo: Akukho namahloni okusebenzisa udondolo, i-walker, noma isihlalo sabakhubazekile ukuze kukusize uhambe. Zikunika amandla amaningi okuhambahamba ngokukhululeka. Kukhona nezinto ezifana nezitsha zokudla ezikhethekile namapeni okwenza kube lula ukubhala.
- Gwema utshwala nezidakamizwa: Lokhu kungenza izimpawu zakho ze-ataxia zibe zimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuzigwema ngokuphelele.
- Ukuzivocavoca:Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okufanele. Ukuvivinya umzimba okufanele kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ibhalansi yakho.
- Impilo yengqondo: Ukuphila nalesi simo kungaba yinto ekucindezelayo futhi kungakwenza uzizwe udangele. Uma kudingeka, funa iseluleko futhi ukhulume nomndeni wakho nabangani ngakho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezimpawu zakho. Kungase kube nembangela elula ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu engelashwa futhi yelapheke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ataxia iyinkinga yokulinganisela nokunyakaza okubangelwa ukungalawuleki kahle kwemisipha. Ngokuvamile iyisibonakaliso sesinye isifo.
- Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukukhuluma okungacacile, kanye nobunzima bokuphatha imilenze yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- I-Ataxia ingabangelwa ukulimala ekhanda, isifo sohlangothi, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, kanye nezimbangela zofuzo.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze uthole imbangela futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.
- Ukwelashwa kulungisa imbangela eyinhloko, kuyilapho ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kusiza ukulawula izimpawu futhi kuphile impilo engcono.
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