Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awuzinzile, uyakhubeka, futhi izitho zakho zomzimba azisebenzi kahle uma uhamba? Ungase ucabange, "Kuyini okungalungile ngami, ngizovele ngiwe." Ngisho noma singacabangi kakhulu ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwenkinga ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-ataxia kwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-ataxia?
I-Ataxia iwukulahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwemisipha emzimbeni wakho. Cabanga ngale ndlela: ubuchopho bakho bungungqondongqondo ophethe yonke imigudu yomzimba wakho. Ukuze uphakamise ingalo, ubeke umlenze, ukhulume, konke lokhu kudinga imiyalelo evela ebuchosheni bakho. Ku-ataxia, kunenkinga ndawana thize kule nqubo yemiyalelo. Ngenxa yalokho, imigudu yakho iba engajwayelekile, engajwayelekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibe yingajwayelekile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-ataxia ngezinye izikhathi ingaba uphawu lwesinye isifo. Futhi, kukhona iqembu lezifo elibizwa ngokuthi i-ataxia ngegama elifanayo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Ataxia ne-Apraxia?
Nakuba la magama amabili ezwakala efana, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili. Ukuqonda lokhu kuzokunikeza ukuqonda okuhle.
| Isimo | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| I-Apraxia | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ubuchopho bakho bukhohlwa ukwenza into osuvele uyazi ukuthi ingenziwa kanjani. Isibonelo, umuntu owazi ukukama izinwele zakhe ngekamu akakwazi ukuthola ukuthi angayenza kanjani. Kunenkinga ngesikhungo 'sokucubungula' ebuchosheni. |
| I-Ataxia | Kulesi simo, ubuchopho buyazi ukuthi benzeni, kodwa imisipha edingekayo ukuze ikwenze ayikwazi ukuhlangana ndawonye. Ubuchopho buyazi ukuthi budinga ukukama izinwele zabo, kodwa abukwazi ukuhlanganisa kahle ukuze bubambe ikamu kahle futhi buhambise isandla salo ngqo ekhanda. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-ataxia?
I-Ataxia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi yenzeka kanjani.
- I-Cerebellar Ataxia: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ngemuva kobuchopho bethu, ngaphansi kwe-cerebellum , kukhona ingxenye encane. Lena yisikhungo esiyinhloko esilawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu, ukuma kwayo, kanye nokulinganisela. Lolu hlobo lwe-ataxia lwenzeka uma kukhona umonakalo kule cerebellum.
- I-Sensory Ataxia: Uyazi ukuthi izandla nezinyawo zakho zikuphi ngisho noma uvala amehlo akho? Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'umuzwa wokuzibeka'. Lolu uhlelo oluhlala lutshela ubuchopho ngesimo somzimba wethu. I-sensory ataxia yenzeka lapho lo muzwa uphazamiseka. Laba bantu banenkinga yokuhamba, ngisho noma amehlo abo evaliwe, noma ebumnyameni.
- I-Vestibular Ataxia: Indlebe yethu yangaphakathi iqukethe uhlelo olubalulekile ekulinganiseni umzimba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-vestibular. Uma kunenkinga ngalolu hlelo, isibonelo, ukutheleleka, ibhalansi yakho ilahleka ngokuphelele. Kungazwakala sengathi untanta esikebheni bese ufika emhlabeni.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-ataxia?
Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona ze-ataxia. Zingahlukaniswa kakhulu kanje:
- Izimbangela Ezitholakale: Izimo noma ezinye izimbangela ezivelela esikhathini esithile empilweni. Ezinye zalezi zingezesikhashana futhi zingelapheka.
- Okuzuzwe njengefa: Izimo ezizuzwa njengefa kubazali ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo. Izibonelo zalezi yizifo ezifana ne-'Friedreich's ataxia' kanye ne-'ataxia-telangiectasia'.
- Izimbangela ezingavamile: Lezi zibangelwa izinguquko ezingahleliwe ezakhiweni zofuzo (i-DNA) ezenzeka ngesikhathi umbungu ukhula esibelethweni. Lezi azizuzwa njengefa kubazali.
Ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile ze-ataxia zifaka:
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Yingakho ukhubeka uma uphuza kakhulu bese udakwa.
- Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuhlaselwa yi-Ischemic okwesikhashana (TIAs) .
- Izimila zobuchopho noma ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
- Izingozi zekhanda kanye nokulimala.
- Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezifana ne- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) .
- Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini njenge-vitamin B12 kanye ne-vitamin E.
- Njengomphumela omubi weminye imithi, ikakhulukazi leyo yesifo sokuwa kanye nokucindezeleka.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid (i-Hypothyroidism).
- Ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta ubuchopho noma izindlebe.
- Isifo se-Celiac.
- Ukuchayeka ebuthi obufana namakhemikhali nezinsimbi ezisindayo (isib. i-mercury).
- Umonakalo wezinzwa obangelwa ukuhogela/ukuhogela (ukuhogela) izinto ezifana ne-gum, uphethiloli, upende, njll.
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye nokucindezeleka.
Lesi simo selashwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwe-ataxia kuncike embangela, ngakho-ke kungase kube nezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.
Isibonelo, i-ataxia ebangelwa utshwala ayidingi ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlala uphapheme. Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B12 kungelapheka ngokuphelele ngamaphilisi noma imijovo yamavithamini. Uma kuyisifo, kuzodingeka ama-antibiotic.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungazami ukuzelapha ngaphandle kokuthola imbangela eqondile kuqala. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele, ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nokuhlolwa okudingekayo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Ngezinye izikhathi i-ataxia ingaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso sesimo esibucayi sezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezilandelayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokulibala.
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
| Ukuqala ngokuzumayo | Uma i-ataxia iqala ngokuzumayo noma ikhula kancane kancane. |
| Ezinye izimpawu | Uma kwenzeka i-ataxia enekhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. |
| Ezinye izinkinga | Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia), ubunzima bokukhuluma (i-aphasia), noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo nokungalawuleki (i-nystagmus). |
| Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi | Uma uzwa izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi, njengokungazweli, ubuthakathaka, noma ukukhuluma okungacacile ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso, ingalo, noma umlenze, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU). |
| Isikhathi | Uma lesi simo siqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa. |
Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela lokhu?
Asikwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimbangela ze-ataxia, ikakhulukazi izimo zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimbangela ezihlobene nendlela yethu yokuphila zingalawulwa.
- Ukulawula utshwala: Ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kugwenywe ukuntuleka kwamavithamini.
- Ukuphepha: Ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela njengezigqoko zokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo noma wenza imisebenzi engabangela ukulimala ekhanda.
- Ukwelapha izifo: Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma unezifo zendlebe, kunokuba uziyeke zingakahlolwa.
- Ukugwema izinto ezinobuthi: Landela imikhuba ephephile lapho usebenza ngamakhemikhali. Uma usola ukuthi udle into enobuthi, ungashayela iNational Poisons Information Center eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Qaphela ngemithi: Uma ucabanga ukuthi ubhekene nalezi zimpawu ngenxa yemithi oyiphuzayo, ungalokothi uyeke ukuyithatha ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Eminye imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi uma uyeka ukuyithatha ngokuzumayo.
Indlela i-ataxia ethinta ngayo impilo yakho nokuthi ingabe ithinta impilo yakho incike ngokuphelele embangela eyinhloko. I-Ataxia ebangelwa yizimbangela zesikhashana ayithinti impilo yakho. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo zofuzo noma zezinzwa zingaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ukuqonda okungcono kakhulu kanye neseluleko ngesimo sakho. Ungesabi noma ungabaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngenkinga yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ataxia akuyona nje into ebangela ukukhubeka noma ukungakhululeki, iyinkinga yokuxhumana kwemisipha yomzimba.
- Lokhu kungabangelwa yizimbangela ezilula ezifana nokudakwa ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka kwamavithamini, kanye nezimbangela ezinkulu ezifana nesifo sohlangothi kanye nezimila zobuchopho.
- Uma i-ataxia ivele ngokuzumayo, noma ihambisana nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ubunzima bokukhuluma, noma ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, kubheke njengesimo esiphuthumayo bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Njalo bona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile.
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