Ingabe ikhala lakho lihlala lomile? Ingabe linephunga elibi kanye namaqhubu? Kungaba yi-(Atrophic Rhinitis)!

Ingabe nawe uzizwa sengathi ikhala lakho lihlala lomile? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi ikhala lakho linuka kabi, noma uzizwa sengathi izinto eziqinile zakha ngaphakathi ekhaleni lakho? Lokhu kungaba yinto ebalulekile kuwe. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula nangendlela elula ukuyiqonda.

Kuyini `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Kalula nje, `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` yisimo lapho izicubu ezingaphakathi kwekhala lakho zoma futhi zinciphe. Cabanga ngaso njengesitshalo esoma ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi zicubu siba sincane futhi ngezinye izikhathi singaba nzima . Ngenxa yalokho, izindlela zokuphefumula ezidlula emakhaleni akho ziyanda. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi, ngoba akukho umswakama ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho, kwakheka uqweqwe ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho olunephunga elibi kakhulu . Lesi yisimo esicasulayo ngempela.

Asho ukuthini amagama athi "Atrophic" kanye nelithi "Rhinitis"?

Ukuze siqonde lesi simo kangcono, ake sihlaziye la magama amabili kancane.

• I-Atrophic noma i-atrophy yigama lezokwelapha elisho ukuncipha, ukuncipha, noma ukulahlekelwa yizicubu. Ku-rhinitis ye-atrophic, ulwelwesi oluncane noluncane (olufana nesikhumba) ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho olubizwa ngokuthi i-mucosa luba luncane bese luba luqinile . Le mucosa imboza amathambo amancane ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-turbinates, afudumeza, amanzise, ​​futhi ahlunge umoya esiwuphefumulayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa ma-turbinates angancipha noma abe luncane.
• I-Rhinitis ukuvuvukala (okubizwa nangokuthi i-edema) kanye nokuvuvukala kwemigudu yamakhala. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungathinta uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula futhi kubangele ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ngakho-ke, sekusobala kuwe manje ukuthi `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` yisimo lapho izicubu ezingaphakathi kwekhala zincipha, zivuvukale, futhi zivuvuke.

Ivame kangakanani i-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

I-Atrophic Rhinitis uhlobo lwe- rhinitis olungabangelwa ukungezwani komzimba . Umkhuhlane ovamile ungesinye isibonelo salokhu. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-30 e-United States bahlushwa uhlobo oluthile lwe-rhinitis engeyona i-allergy. ISri Lanka ayihlukile kulesi simo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-rhinitis engeyona i-allergic kanye ne-rhinitis ye-allergy

Kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.

• I-allergy rhinitis ( eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hay fever) ibangelwa izinto ezithile (i-allergens) ezibangela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (impendulo yamasosha omzimba). Izibonelo zifaka phakathi impova, isikhunta, kanye noboya bezilwane. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ikhala elicijile, ikhala eligobhozayo , kanye nokuthimula.Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ikhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nokuvuza kwangemuva kwekhala.
• Ku -rhinitis engeyona i-allergy , ukuthimula kanye nekhala eligobhozayo kuvame ukubangelwa izinto ezifana nephunga, intuthu, imithi ethile, kanye nokungalingani kwama-hormone. Ukuconsa kwangemva kwempumulo nakho kungabangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. I-rhinitis ye-Atrophic iwela kulesi sigaba.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`:

1. I-Primary Atrophic Rhinitis : Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu emazweni afana neNyakatho Melika. Kodwa-ke, emazweni anezimo zezulu ezishisayo nezomile njengeNdiya, i-Afrika, neSaudi Arabia, cishe u-1% wabantu abadala bangakuthola lokhu. Okumangazayo ukuthi lolu hlobo lungakhula nasezilwaneni ezifana nezinkomo nezingulube.

2. I-Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis : Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu abantu abake bahlinzwa ama-sinus. Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokunciphisa ama-turbinate. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa amanye noma wonke ama-turbinate. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-mucosa inciphe.

Khumbula futhi isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Rhinitis Medicamentosa)`: Abanye abantu basebenzisa `(iziqeda ukuminyana kwamakhala)` (isibonelo `(izifutho)` ezifana `(oxymetazoline)` kanye `(phenylephrine)`) isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa `(izifutho)` kanje izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu zilandelana. Uma uqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa, ungase ube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Rhinitis Medicamentosa)`, esingaholela ngisho naku `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa `(izifutho)` zamakhala kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)` eyinhloko?

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona ze-rhinitis ye-atrophic eyinhloko:

• Ukungezwani komzimba.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Ukungalingani kwe-hormone i-estrogen.
• Uma othile emndenini ene-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)` (into ezuzwa njengefa).
• Ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-iron, i-vitamin A, noma i-vitamin D.
• Uma kukhona izinguquko zesakhiwo zokuzalwa (`(zokuzalwa)`) emigudwini yamakhala.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-'secondary Rhinitis' (Atrophic Rhinitis)?

Ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa kwekhala, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingabangela i-"Atrophic Rhinitis" yesibili:

• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo (izifo lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luhlasela khona imizimba yethu).
• Izifo ezifana ne-`(Granulomatosis ene-polyangiitis (GPA))` (eyayaziwa ngokuthi `(Wegener's)`).
• Ezinye izifo, okuhlanganisa izifo zama-sinus.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza.
• Isifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Sarcoidosis".
• Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njenge-syphilis.
• Izingozi noma ukulimala ekhaleni.
• Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezifutho zokuqeda ukuminyana kwamakhala.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Uphawu oluyinhloko, futhi olubonakala kalula kwabanye, ukwakheka koqweqwe ngaphakathi kwamakhala olunephunga elibi kakhulu . Uma uzama ukususa uqweqwe ngezandla zakho noma ngenye into, ungase uzwe ukopha kwamakhala (`(epistaxis)`). Ungase futhi uzwe iphunga elibi emlonyeni (`(halitosis)`).

Into exakile ukuthi, ungase ungaliboni leli phunga elibi! Kodwa abantu abakuzungezile bazolibona nakanjani. Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile emphakathini.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonakale zifaka:

• Ukopha kwamakhala okuvamile (i-epistaxis).
• Uketshezi olufana nobovu oluphuma ekhaleni.
• Impumulo eyomile neqothukile (yilokhu ozizwa kuqala).
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus (i-sinusitis).

Cabanga nje, kukhona umuntu ogama lakhe linguNilanthi, obelokhu ekhula lolu hlobo lwezinkophe ekhaleni lakhe isikhathi esithile, futhi linuka kabi. Ubelokhu engakunaki. Kamuva, abangani bakhe bathi, "Nilanthi, ngezinye izikhathi uma ngiseduze nawe, ngiphunga iphunga elingavamile." Yilapho uNilanthi anquma khona ukubheka lokhu. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi singakhululeka ngabanye ngaphandle kokuqaphela.

Ungayithola kanjani i-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele ubonane nochwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo, nomphimbo (udokotela we-otolaryngologist, noma udokotela we-ENT). Uzokuhlola bese eqala ngokuxilonga isimo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza futhi izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-allergies noma cha.
• Thatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zemifantu yamakhala (CT scan).
• Ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-nasal endoscopy kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu eliguquguqukayo (i-endoscope) elinekhamera ngaphakathi kwekhala ukuze kubhekwe ama-polyp (ukukhula) noma ezinye izinkinga ngaphakathi kwekhala.
• Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kokuphefumula kwamakhala okubizwa ngokuthi "i-nasal inspiratory flow test" kulinganisa ukuthi umoya ongakanani ongena ngekhala uma uphefumula.

Iphathwa kanjani i-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, okwamanje alikho ikhambi le-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha zokunciphisa uqweqwe olunephunga elibi nokulawula izimpawu. Ungakhathazeki, ungathola impumuzo ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha.

Ukwelashwa okuvamile

• Faka amafutha okubulala amagciwane ngaphakathi kwekhala (uma kukhona ukutheleleka).
• Kunikezwa amafutha okugcoba amazinyo ukuze kugcinwe ikhala limanzi.
• Amaphilisi aqukethe i-estrogen noma i-spray yamakhala.
• Amavithamini.
• Sebenzisa i-humidifier ukwandisa umswakama emoyeni ekhaya.

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa

Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa abanye abantu badinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze belaphe lesi simo. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ukuhlinzwa kungenza izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuvalwa kwekhala elilodwa kanye nomgodi wamakhala (ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa idivayisi yokufakelwa).
• Ukunciphisa imigudu yamakhala.
• Imijovo yangaphakathi kwekhala.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingenziwa ekhaya?

Ungenza lezi zinto ekhaya ukuze unciphise izimpawu ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`:

• Gcina imigudu yakho yamakhala imanzi : Sebenzisa izifutho noma amaconsi ekhala njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho. Ukuhlanza impumulo yakho ngamanzi anosawoti kuwumqondo omuhle.
• Engeza umswakama emoyeni : Sebenzisa i-humidifier ukuze ugcine umswakama emoyeni ekhaya, ikakhulukazi ekamelweni lokulala.
• Ukunisela ekhaleni : Ukuhlanza imigudu yamakhala ngesisombululo samanzi anosawoti (esenziwa ngokufaka usawoti omncane emanzini abilayo) kusiza ukususa uqweqwe nokusula ikhala. Ungasebenzisa into efana nebhodwe le-neti kulokhu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Kuyivelakancane kakhulu, kodwa i-atrophic rhinitis ingabangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ngokuphelele (i-anosmia) . Ungaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-empty nose syndrome . Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izikhala zakho zamakhala zivulekile futhi zibanzi, kodwa usazizwa sengathi kukhona okubambeke ekhaleni lakho. Ngakho-ke, yize amaphaphu akho ethola umoya-mpilo owanele, ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya.

Ingabe i-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukwenzeka kwe-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

I-Atrophic Rhinitis yisimo sesikhathi eside (esingamahlalakhona) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayipheli ngokuphelele ngesikhathi esifushane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ungenza izinto ezifana nokugcina imigudu yakho yamakhala imanzi, unciphise izimpawu zakho, futhi uphile impilo evamile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko:

• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
• Uma umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ubonakala sengathi wehlile.
• Uma ukhwehlela njalo.
• Uma ikhala liqhubeka nokoma futhi liqinile.
• Uma unomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okuvalekile (`(ukuvaleka kwempumulo)`) yize imigudu yakho yamakhala ivulekile.
• Uma uvame ukuphuma igazi ekhaleni.

Nakuba lezi zinto zingenzeka ngomkhuhlane ovamile, uma ziqhubeka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.

Izinto okufanele uzibuze udokotela wakho

Uma uya kudokotela, ungakhohlwa ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Kungani ngine-`(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?
• Yimiphi imithi engangisiza?
• Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukuze nginciphise izimpawu?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Ingabe kufanele ngiqaphele izinkinga?

Izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba

Ukuba nekhala elomile neliqinile kungaba yinto ecasulayo ngempela. Usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-rhinitis engalawuleki ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-sinus njenge-turbineectomy. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo olungavamile lwe-rhinitis engeyona i-allergy lungavela nangenxa yezinye izimbangela, njengokulimala kobuso noma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukubona udokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakhuluma ngezinketho zokwelapha ezifanele. Ungase uthole impumuzo ngemithi kanye namakhambi asekhaya. Akuvamile ukuthi kudingeke uhlinzwe. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

I - rhinitis engapheli, ikhala elomile, uqweqwe lwamakhala, umoya omubi, ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni, izifo ze-ENT, izifo zokuphefumula