Ingabe ulwelwesi lwesibeletho sakho luyaqina? Ake sixoxe nge-(Endometrial Hyperplasia)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukopha kakhulu izinsuku eziningi ngesikhathi, noma ukubona phakathi kokuya esikhathini? Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ikakhulukazi lapho usondela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini noma ngemva kwaleso sikhathi, kodwa akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuthile okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Leso yisimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi `(Endometrial Hyperplasia).` Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kuyini "i-Endometrial Hyperplasia"? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, i-Endometrial Hyperplasia yilapho ulwelwesi lwesibeletho sakho, olubizwa ngokuthi i-endometrium, luba lukhulu kunokujwayelekile . Uma ucabanga ngokuthi i-endometrium iyini, ulwelwesi olukhishwa njalo ngenyanga ngesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini. Futhi, lapho umntwana ekhulelwa, kungaphakathi kwalolu lwelwesi lapho umntwana eqala ukukhula khona. Ngakho-ke, uma i-endometrium iba nkulu kunokujwayelekile, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Endometrial Hyperplasia. Abanye besifazane bangase babe sengozini yokuthola umdlavuza we-endometrial ngenxa yalesi simo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu? Ziyini?

Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa i-Endometrial Hyperplasia ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni ezisemaseli ku-endometrium yakho. Ezinye izinhlobo zinamathuba amaningi okuqhubekela phambili ekubeni umdlavuza, kanti ezinye azithuthuki.

• I-Endometrial Hyperplasia engena-Atypia: Kulolu hlobo, amaseli asolwelwesini lwesibeletho abukeka ejwayelekile. Amathuba amancane okuba nomdlavuza. Lesi simo singaba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa, noma udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa ngamahomoni. Lokhu kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ezilula neziyinkimbinkimbi. Kunqunywa yiphethini yamaseli.

• `I-Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia / I-Endometrial Hyperplasia ene-Atypia`: Lolu uhlobo okudingeka sikhathazeke kakhulu ngalo. `I-Atypia` isho ukuthi amaseli awavamile, kodwa awavamile kancane. Uma kukhona amaseli anjalo, amathuba okuba nomdlavuza aphezulu. Uma lokhu kungelashwa kahle, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho iyanda. Lokhu futhi kunezinhlobo ezibizwa ngokuthi `I-Simple Atypical` kanye ne-`Complex Atypical`.

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi hlobo luni lwaso nokuthi yiziphi izingozi zaso.

Ivame kangakanani i-Endometrial Hyperplasia?

Eqinisweni, i-Endometrial Hyperplasia akuyona inkinga evamile. Ithinta cishe abesifazane abayi-133 kwabayi-100,000.Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abashintshela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini noma asebedlule ngokuphelele ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Bheka ukuthi nawe unazo yini lezi

Umuntu one-Endometrial Hyperplasia angase abe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukopha kokuya esikhathini okungavamile: Lokhu kusho ukopha phakathi kokuya esikhathini, noma ukopha futhi ngemva kokuya esikhathini sekuphelile (ngemuva kokuya esikhathini).
• Umjikelezo omfushane wokuya esikhathini: Ukuya esikhathini okwenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-21.
• Ukopha kakhulu esikhathini.
• Ukopha ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela.
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukuya esikhathini kuyaphela ngokuphelele (i-Amenorrhea).

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokushintshela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini. Kujwayelekile ukuthi umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini uphazamiseke, kwezinye izinyanga kungase kungenzeki, futhi ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile kwenzeke. Kodwa-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela kunokumane ucabange ukuthi kuyisibonakaliso sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Udokotela angabe esenquma ukuthi lokhu "kuyi-Endometrial Hyperplasia" noma cha.

Ingabe kungaba khona ubuhlungu?

Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu besisu/isinqe bungaba khona. Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi (i-Dyspareunia). Kodwa-ke, uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukopha okungavamile.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Abesifazane abane-Endometrial Hyperplasia bakhiqiza i-hormone estrogen eningi kakhulu futhi abakhiqizi i-hormone progesterone eyanele. Lawa ma-hormone amabili adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini kanye nokukhulelwa.

Cabanga ngakho, ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda, i-hormone i-estrogen yenza ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lube lukhuni (i-endometrium). I-hormone i-progesterone ilungiselela isibeletho ukukhulelwa. Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki, amazinga e-progesterone ayehla. Lokho kwehla kwe-progesterone kukhombisa isibeletho ukuthi, "Kulungile, manje sekuyisikhathi sokulahla lolu lwelwesi." Yilokho okwenzekayo njengokuya esikhathini.

Kodwa-ke, kwabesifazane abane-"Endometrial Hyperplasia" (i-Endometrial Hyperplasia), umzimba ukhiqiza i-progesterone encane kakhulu noma awukhiqizi nhlobo i-progesterone. Ngakho-ke, ulwelwesi lwesibeletho aluphumi. Kunalokho, ulwelwesi luyaqhubeka lukhula futhi luqine. Njengoba lukhula, amaseli alwenzayo asondelana kakhulu futhi aqale ukungajwayelekile.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu? (Izici Eziyingozi)

I-Endometrial Hyperplasia ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasondela esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (perimenopause) noma asebedlule esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Akuvamile kakhulu kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-35 ukuba babe nayo. Ezinye izici eziyingozi zifaka:

• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza webele (isib.:"Tamoxifen".
• Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .
• Ukuqala ukuya esikhathini usemncane kakhulu noma ukuya esikhathini sekwephuzile kakhulu.
• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wesibeletho, wesibeletho, noma wamathumbu amakhulu .
• Kulabo abanesifo senyongo .
• Uma uthatha ukwelashwa ngama-hormone okuqukethe i-estrogen kuphela (ngaphandle kwe-progesterone) ngenkathi une-uterus.
• Kwabesifazane abangakaze bakhulelwe .
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
• Kulabo abane -'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome' (PCOS) .
• Kulabo ababhemayo .
• Kulabo abanesifo se-thyroid .
• Ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile noma ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini isikhathi eside .
• Uma uke waba nemisebe ye-pelvic .
• Uma amasosha omzimba ebuthakathaka (ngenxa yesifo sokuzivikela komzimba noma imithi ethile).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-hyperplasia, ukopha okungavamile nokudlulele kungabangela ukuthi ube ne-anemia, noma ukuntuleka kwegazi . I-anemia yenzeka lapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele, aqukethe i-iron.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uhlobo lwe-"atypia" (i-Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia) lungelashwa, lungaba umdlavuza.

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Cishe u-8% wabesifazane abane-"Simple Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia" bazoba nomdlavuza uma bengelashwa. Cishe u-30% wabesifazane abane-"Complex Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia" bazoba nomdlavuza uma bengelashwa.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma unezimpawu bese uthola ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokopha okungavamile kwesibeletho. Ngakho-ke, ukuze athole imbangela eqondile yezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa okulandelayo noma ngaphezulu:

• I-Transvaginal Ultrasound: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithuluzi elincane ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane nokusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zesibeletho. Lezi zithombe zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lukhulu kakhulu.
• `I-Endometrial Biopsy`: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yezicubu ezivela ongqimbeni lwesibeletho. Amaseli abe esehlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akhona yini amaseli omdlavuza noma uhlobo lwe-`Hyperplasia`.
• I-Hysteroscopy: Ipayipi elincane, elikhanyayo elinekhamera enamathiselwe kulo (i-hysteroscope) lidluliselwa emlonyeni wesibeletho liye esibelethweni. Phakathi nale nqubo, kungenziwa i-D&C (ukwanda kanye nokukhishwa kwesisu) noma i-biopsy. I-Hysteroscopy ivumela ukubhekisisa ingaphakathi lesibeletho futhi, uma kukhona izindawo ezisolisayo, kungathathwa i-biopsy.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? (Ukwelashwa)

I-Endometrial Hyperplasia ivame ukwelashwa nge-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-progestin. I-Progestin iyinguqulo yokwenziwa ye-hormone i-progesterone, eyenziwa ngumzimba wakho ngamanani amancane. I-Progestin iza ngezindlela ezahlukene:

• Ukwelashwa nge-progesterone ngomlomo.
• Njengedivayisi efakwa esibelethweni (idivayisi ye-Intrauterine - IUD`, equkethe i-`Progesterone`).
• Njengomjovo (isib. iDepo-Provera® ).
• Ukhilimu ofakwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (ukhilimu wesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ijeli).

Kodwa-ke, kulezi zimo, udokotela angase ancome ukususwa kwesibeletho :

• Uma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu, noma uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza eqala ukukhula.
• Uma isimo singathuthuki ngokwelashwa nge-progestin.

Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuhlinzwa kwesisu?

I-Endometrial hyperplasia ngokuvamile ayidingi ukususwa kwesibeletho. Abesifazane abaningi benza kahle ngokwelashwa nge-progestin. Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Complex Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia, khona-ke i-hysterectomy ingaba yindlela yokukhetha.

Ingabe kukhona esingakwenza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-`(Endometrial Hyperplasia)`?

Kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthola lesi simo:

• Uma usebenzisa ukwelashwa ngama-hormone ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, sebenzisa i-progesterone kanye ne-estrogen (uma une-uterus).
• Uma unesikhathi esingajwayelekile, cabanga ngokuthatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aqukethe i-estrogen kanye ne-progestin (njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele).
• Yeka ukubhema.
• Zigcine unesisindo esinempilo.

Ikusasa lizoba njani ngalesi simo? (I-Outlook)

I-Endometrial hyperplasia isabela kahle ekwelashweni kwe-progestin. Kodwa-ke, uma une-endometrial hyperplasia engavamile, ingaqhubekela phambili ibe umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angase atuse ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-ultrasound, i-biopsies, noma i-hysterectomy ukuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele ingozi yomdlavuza. Lesi sincomo senziwa ngokusekelwe ekuxilongweni kwakho, umlando wakho wezempilo, kanye nengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza.

Ingabe i-Endometrial Hyperplasia iphenduka umdlavuza kuwo wonke umuntu?

Cha, akwenzeki njalo ngaleyo ndlela. Ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza ingasukela ku-8% kuya ku-30%, kuye ngohlobo lwe-Endometrial Hyperplasia onayo. Ezinye izinhlobo kuphela eziba umdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angachaza ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo, ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu, nokuthi iyiphi ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza.

Ngingayibona nini udokotela?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela:

• Uma uphuma igazi ngokweqile noma ngendlela engavamile.
• Uma uphuma igazi esithweni sangasese ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
• Uma unezinhlungu ezinzima zokuya esikhathini (i-Dysmenorrhea) .
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi uchama (i-Dysuria) .
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi (i-Dyspareunia) .
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu be-pelvic .
• Uma kukhona uketshezi olungavamile lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane .
• Uma uphuthelwa ukuya esikhathini njalo .

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma une-Endometrial Hyperplasia, ungabuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Uhlobo luni lwe-Endometrial Hyperplasia enginalo?
• Ingabe ngisengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho? Uma kunjalo, yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yami?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kohlobo lwami lwe-Endometrial Hyperplasia?
• Ziyini izingozi nemiphumela emibi yalezo zindlela zokwelapha?
• Ingabe umndeni wami usengozini yokuthola i-Endometrial Hyperplasia? Uma kunjalo, yini abangayenza ukuze banciphise ingozi yabo?
• Hlobo luni lokunakekelwa okulandelayo engikudingayo ngemva kokwelashwa?
• Ingabe kufanele ngiqaphele izimpawu zezinkinga?

Kumaphi amaqembu eminyaka lapho lesi simo sivame kakhulu khona?

I-Endometrial Hyperplasia ivame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abashintshela noma abaqede ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini sicishe sibe yiminyaka engu-51. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-60 banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Endometrial hyperplasia yisimo lapho ulwelwesi lwesibeletho luqina khona. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha okungavamile futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukungakhululeki. Abesifazane abaningi bathola impumuzo ngokwelashwa ngama-hormone e-progestin. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abane-endometrial hyperplasia engavamile basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukususwa kwesibeletho kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kunciphise ingozi yomdlavuza. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho uma unemibuzo.

I- Endometrial Hyperplasia, ukuqina kolwelwesi lwesibeletho, ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, i-progestin, umdlavuza wesibeletho