Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokuqonda imisindo? Ake sixoxe nge-Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)!

Ingabe lokhu kuyenzeka kuwe ngezinye izikhathi? Umuntu usho okuthile, futhi ungakuzwa kahle. Kodwa kuthatha isikhathi ukuqonda kahle ukuthi bathini. Noma, ukuthola kunzima ukuqonda umuntu ekhuluma ngokucacile endaweni enomsindo? Mhlawumbe lokhu akuyona nje into eyenzeka ngengozi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okuyisifo sokusebenza kwendlebe, noma njengoba sibizwa ngesiNgisi `(Auditory Processing Disorder - APD)`.

Kuyini ukuphazamiseka kokucubungula izindlebe (i-APD)?

Kalula nje, i-auditory processing disorder (APD) yisimo lapho izindlebe zethu zizwa khona imisindo, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi leyo misindo, ikakhulukazi amagama akhulunywayo, ifinyelele ebuchosheni bethu futhi icutshungulwe . Cabanga ngakho njengokuthi izindlebe zakho zifana nemakrofoni, zithatha yonke imisindo. Kodwa kukhona ukubambezeleka okuncane noma ubunzima ekuletheni leyo misindo ebanjiwe kukhompyutha ebuchosheni bakho, lapho ithi, "O... yilokhu okushoyo."

Into ebalulekile ukuthi umuntu one-APD akanankinga yokuzwa . Angazwa imisindo kahle. Kodwa inkinga isenqubweni yokuqonda lokho akuzwayo ebuchosheni bakhe. Kufana nomsakazo osebenza kahle, isignali iyangena, kodwa umsindo awucacile ngoba kukhona okungahambi kahle ngesipikha. Futhi, abantu abanalesi simo bangase bakhethe ukufunda ezintweni ezibonakalayo, okungukuthi, ezintweni abazibonayo (abafundi ababonayo) .

I-APD ivame ukutholakala ebuntwaneni . Kodwa-ke, ingenzeka nakubantu abadala. Ayikho ikhambi layo, kodwa kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakala kodokotela bezindlebe nabanye ochwepheshe ukusiza ekuphatheni izimpawu. Elinye igama lalesi simo yi-"Central Processing Disorder".

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-APD?

Yebo, i-APD ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko:

1. Ubunzima bokubona amagama (Ukubhala ikhodi)

Okwenzekayo ukuthi uzwa imisindo, kodwa ubuchopho bakho bunenkinga yokuyichaza njengamagama. Isibonelo, uma othile ethi "isihlalo" kuwe, uzwa umsindo, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buqaphele ukuthi yigama elithi "isihlalo," noma buyadideka. Lokhu kungaba kubi nakakhulu uma ukhuluma ngokushesha.

2. Ubunzima bokuzwa ngesikhathi semisebenzi eminingi (Ukuhlanganiswa)

Kulolu hlobo, uma ulalele okuthile ngenkathi wenza okunye, kuba nzima kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukubhala amanothi ngenkathi ulalele uthisha esikoleni kungaba yinselele ngoba kunzima ngobuchopho ukuthola izingcezu eziningi zolwazi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuzixhumanisa, nokuziqonda.

3. Ubunzima bokukhumbula ulwazi ngendlela ehlelekile (Ehlelekile)

Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungaba nzima ukukhumbula nokwenza okuthile ngolwazi oluzwayo, ikakhulukazi uma luvezwa ngokulandelana okuthile. Isibonelo, uma othile ekutshela ukuthi "qala uvule umnyango, bese uvula isibani, bese uvula ifeni," i-oda lingadida.

4. Ubunzima bokuqonda ithoni kanye nokwehluka kwezwi (Prosodic)

Kulesi simo, kuba nzima ukuqonda izinto ezifana nethoni yezwi lomuntu lapho ekhuluma, indlela izwi lakhe elikhuphuka neliwa ngayo, lapho kukhona khona ukuphumula, kanye nalapho ecindezelekile khona. Isibonelo, uma umuntu ebuza umbuzo, ungase ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi izwi lakhe lishintsha kanjani. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe umbuzo noma isitatimende nje. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nzima nokuqonda ihlaya.

Ungase ube nohlobo olulodwa lwalezi zinhlobo, noma ungase ube nenhlanganisela yezinhlobo eziningana.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-APD?

Izimpawu ze-APD zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa nansi ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile:

• Ubunzima bokulandela iziqondiso ngomlomo: Ubunzima bokulandela iziqondiso ngokulandelana, ikakhulukazi uma unikezwa iziqondiso eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ubunzima bokuhlanganyela ezingxoxweni ezinde noma ukuba nezingxoxo ezindaweni ezinomsindo: Njengoba umsindo okuzungezile ukhula, kuba nzima ukuqonda ukuthi othile uthini.
• Ubunzima bokufunda, ukupela, nokubhala ngokujwayelekile: ngoba konke lokhu kudinga ikhono lokuqonda ulimi kahle.
• Ubunzima bokuphendula ngokushesha lapho ukhuluma: Kuthatha isikhathi ukucabanga, ukuqonda, nokuphendula.
• Ubunzima bokuhlukanisa phakathi kwamagama azwakala afana: Isibonelo, amagama anjengokuthi "bheka" kanye "nenja" angadidaniswa.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda lapho ukhuluma ngokushesha: Ubunzima bokubamba amagama.
• Ukuzwela kakhulu imisindo ethile: Abanye abantu bangase babe nomuzwa wokuthi ngisho nemisindo emincane inamandla kakhulu.
• Ukujabulela umculo, kunzima ukuhambisana nesigqi.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda lapho ukhuluma ocingweni.
• Bahlala bebuza izinto ezinjengokuthi "Uthini?" "Phinda usho lokho."

Khumbula, ukuba nesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-APD. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-APD?

Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa ye-APD, kodwa kunezici eziningana ezitholakale ezingaba nomthelela kuyo:

• Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko: I-APD ingavela ngezimo ezifana `(Stroke)` (ukukhubazeka), `(Isifo Sokuxhuzula)` (isithuthwane), `(Isifo Sokuxhuzula Esiningi - MS)`, noma `(Isifo sika-Alzheimer)`.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile:Uma izifo zendlebe zenzeka njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana, zingathinta indlela yokuzwa futhi zibangele i-APD kamuva ekuphileni.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho enalesi simo, kunethuba elincane lokuthi nawe uzoba naso.
• Ukulimala ekhanda: Ukulimala ebuchosheni kungaphazamisa inqubo yokucubungula umsindo.
• Ukuzalwa unesisindo esiphansi noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Kukhona futhi ingozi ye-APD kulezi zimo.
• Izimo ze-neurodivergent: Isibonelo, i-APD ingahambisana nezimo ezifana nokuthi ``ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)`` noma ``Autism Spectrum Disorder``.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-APD?

Ngenxa yokuthi umuntu one-APD unenkinga yokuxhumana nabanye, lokhu kungathinta nempilo yakhe yengqondo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinto ezinjengokuba namahloni, ukwesaba ukuhlukaniswa nomphakathi, kanye nokuzethemba okuphansi kungenzeka. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka . Ngakho-ke, uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho noma othandekayo wakho ngakho.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-APD?

Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-APD, udokotela kuzodingeka enze izivivinyo eziningana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-APD zingafana nezezinye izimo.

• Ukuhlolwa kokucubungula ukuzwa: Lezi yizivivinyo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kulokhu, ikhono lobuchopho bakho lokuqonda nokucubungula imisindo lilinganiswa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa: Okokuqala, bahlola izinkinga zokuzwa. Ukuzwa kuyinto evamile ku-APD.
• Ukuhlolwa kolimi: Hlola noma yibuphi obunye ubuthakathaka ekuqondeni noma ekuvezeni ulimi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekutholeni ezinye izimo ezifana ne-ADHD.

Lezi zivivinyo zivame ukwenziwa udokotela wezindlebe , ongochwepheshe kulo mkhakha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-APD?

Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele le-APD, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha kanye nezindlela zokuphatha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zenze impilo yansuku zonke ibe lula.

• Ukwenza izinguquko endaweni ezungezile:
• Isibonelo, ekilasini, ukuhlala esihlalweni esingaphambili kukusiza ukuthi uzwe lokho uthisha akushoyo ngokucacile.
• Ukusebenzisa indawo ethule, engenamsindo ophansi yokufunda nokuxoxa.
• Uma usho into ebalulekile, ukubheka ubuso bomuntu okhulumayo kuyasiza ukuqonda.

• Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwenkulumo kanye nokuzwa:
• Kulokhu, kwenziwa izivivinyo nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuzwa.
• Isibonelo, baqeqeshwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemisindo ehlukene, ukuhlonza isiqondiso somsindo, nokuthuthukisa inkumbulo yabo. Lena imisebenzi `(Izazi zezifo zolimi lokukhuluma - ama-SLP)` kanye `(Izazi ze-Audio)`.

• Ukusebenzisa amasu okubhekana nesimo:
• Uma kuyinto efana nenkulumo ebalulekile, ungasebenzisa idivayisi yokurekhoda bese uyilalela futhi kamuva.
• Uma unikeza imiyalelo, ungayicela ukuthi ibe mfushane, icace, futhi inikezwe ngayinye ngayinye .
• Uma ungaqondi, ungesabi ukubuza futhi .
• Sebenzisa izinsiza-kubona ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-APD, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Kunezinye izimo ezingaba nezimpawu ezifana neze-APD. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe noma ukuhlazeka ngakho.

Ubani owelapha i-APD?

Ukwelashwa kwe-APD kungadinga usizo lwabahlinzeki bezempilo abahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• Odokotela bezindlebe: Badlala indima eyinhloko ekuxilongeni i-APD nasekuhlinzekeni ngokuqeqeshwa kokuzwa.
• Odokotela Bezindlebe (ama-ENT): Bangahlola ezinye izinkinga zendlebe futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
• Izazi zengqondo: Zinganikeza ukwelulekwa kanye nokwelashwa kokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okubangelwa yi-APD.
• Izazi zezifo zolimi lokukhuluma (SLPs): Zelapha izinkinga zolimi, njengobunzima bokuqonda amagama, futhi zisiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono okuxhumana.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-APD?

I-APD ithinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda kuqala ukuthi i-APD ikuthinta kanjani.

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo bangazuza ekwelashweni kwe-APD ukusiza ekuphatheni izimpawu zabo. Ikakhulukazi izingane, zingase zibone ukuthuthuka kwezimpawu zazo njengoba zikhula . Lawa makhono angathuthuka njengoba ubuchopho bazo bukhula. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele nokusekelwa, akukho okuvimba umuntu one-APD ukuba aphile impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo.

Ingabe i-APD uhlobo lwe-autism?

Cha, i-APD ayiyona ingxenye ye-"Autism Spectrum Disorder".Lezi yizimo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi zombili lezi zimo zingavela kumuntu oyedwa. Isibonelo, ingane ene-autism ingaba nobunzima bokuxhumana, okungakhulisa izimpawu ze-APD.

Kumuntu one-APD, ukukhuluma nokuxhumana nabanye ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto ekhathazayo kakhulu, noma ngisho namahloni. Ngoba ubuchopho bakho kufanele busebenze kanzima kunabanye ukuze buqonde amagama owezwayo. Kudinga amandla amaningi engqondo. Uma uke wabhekana nento efana nale, khuluma nodokotela ngayo. Bangakunikeza ukwesekwa okudingayo kanye nesiqondiso osidingayo ukuze uphile ngempumelelo nalesi simo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-APD akuyona inkinga yokuzwa, kodwa ubuthakathaka ekhonweni lobuchopho lokuqonda (ukucubungula) lokho okuzwayo .
• Lokhu kungenzeka ebuntwaneni kanye nasebudaleni .
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ubunzima bokuqonda okushiwoyo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomsindo, yinkinga eyinhloko .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile .
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha . Ukuqeqeshwa kokuzwa, ukushintsha indawo ohlala kuyo, kanye nokushintsha indlela owenza ngayo izinto kungakunikeza impumuzo enkulu.
• Ungesabi uma uthola ukuthi une-APD. Ngokusekelwa kanye nesiqondiso esifanele, ungaphila impilo evamile.
• Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninayo noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha .

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu, sazise. Hlala uphilile!

Isifo Sokucubungula Akuzwayo, i-APD, ukuzwa, ubuchopho, ukuxhumana, izifo zezingane, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo