Sonke siya esibhedlela, esikhungweni sokudlulisela ulwazi, noma emtholampilo ukuze sithole ukwelashwa kwesifo esithile. Kodwa cabanga, kuthiwani uma siya kokwelashwa bese sithola ukutheleleka okusha ngaphezu kwaleso sifo? Kunzima ngempela ukukucabanga. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka. Yileyo ndlela esibiza ngayo “ Izifo Ezihlobene Nokunakekelwa Kwezempilo ” (HAIs) ukutheleleka esikutholayo ngenkathi sithola ukwelashwa esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ziyini ngempela lezi zifo ezihlobene nesibhedlela (HAIs)?
Kalula nje, noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okuthola esibhedlela, ohlinzweni, noma emtholampilo ukuze welashwe esinye isimo kuwela kulesi sigaba. Lokhu kungaba ukutheleleka okuncane ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa kwezinye izimo, kungabangela izimo ezingathi sína ezingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Ngokuvamile, ukuze ukutheleleka kubhekwe njengokutheleleka okuhlobene nesibhedlela, okulandelayo kumele kuhlangatshezwane nakho:
- Ukuhlonza ukutheleleka zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela engeniswe esibhedlela.
- Ukutheleleka zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kusukela ephumile esibhedlela.
- Ukutheleleka zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-30 kusukela ekuhlinzweni.
Imbangela eyinhloko yalezi zifo amagciwane . Okusho ukuthi, izinto ezincane ezifana namabhaktheriya , amagciwane , kanye nesikhunta . Eqinisweni, eziningi zalezi zifo zingavinjelwa. Lokhu kudinga umzamo wokubambisana phakathi kwabasebenzi basesibhedlela, iziguli, kanye nemindeni yabo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezifo ezihambisana nesibhedlela?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokutheleleka ezingase zenzeke esibhedlela. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko. Ngizibeke etafuleni elifana naleli ukuze kube lula ukuziqonda.
| Uhlobo Lokutheleleka | Kalula nje… |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka kwe-C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) | Lokhu ukutheleleka okuvamile kwamagciwane okubangela ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu kanye nesifo sohudo esibi. Abanye abantu bangase baphinde babuye ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa benaso. |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-urinary okuhlobene ne-catheter (CAUTI) | Iziguli ezine-catheter isikhathi eside zingaba nezifo zomchamo. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yezifo ezihlobene nesibhedlela yilezi. |
| Ukutheleleka kwegazi okuhlobene nomugqa ophakathi (i-CLABSI) | Umugqa ophakathi uyipayipi elikhethekile elifakwa emthanjeni omkhulu eduze kwenhliziyo ukuze linikeze imithi futhi lidonse igazi. Lokhu kungavumela amagciwane ukuthi angene emzimbeni futhi kubangele ukutheleleka kwegazi. |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA (i-Staphylococcus aureus engamelana ne-Methicillin) | Lokhu futhi kuyisifo esivamile. Okukhethekile ngaleli gciwane ukuthi alimelani nama-antibiotic avamile njenge-penicillin ne-amoxicillin. |
| Ukutheleleka kwendawo yokuhlinzwa (SSI) | Lokhu kutheleleka kungenzeka hhayi kuphela ebusweni besilonda sokuhlinzwa, izicubu ezijulile, izitho zomzimba, kodwa futhi nakumadivayisi afakwe emzimbeni, njenge-pacemakers. |
| I-pneumonia ehlobene nokuphefumula (i-VAP) | Iziguli ezixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula zingaba ne-pneumonia uma amagciwane engena emaphashini ngepayipi lokuphefumula. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalezi zifo?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ongase uzibone. Uma welashwa esibhedlela noma usanda kuhlinzwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.
- Imfiva
- Ukuthuthumela ngenxa yokubanda
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
- Ukukhwehlela
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Uhudo
- Ukuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile (i-Polyuria)
- Ukushisa noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i-Dysuria)
- Izinguquko esimweni sengqondo (isib., ukucasuka, ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okungazelelwe)
Cabanga ukuthi usanda kuhlinzwa futhi usekhaya. Uma indawo lapho uhlinzwe khona iba bomvu, ivuvukele, futhi kuphuma uketshezi olufana nobovu kuyo zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwendawo yokuhlinzwa (SSI). Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
Lezi zifo zisakazeka kanjani futhi obani abasengozini enkulu?
Lezi zifo zingasakazeka ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Ngamaconsi amathe angena emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula .
- Uma abasebenzi bezempilo bethinta iziguli ngaphandle kokuhlanza izandla zabo kahle.
- Uma usebenzisa imishini yezokwelapha engakahlanzwa.
- Ngokuthinta izindawo (izibambo zeminyango, imibhede) ezingcoliswe amagciwane.
Uma usebenzisa izinto ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ingozi yakho yokuthola ukutheleleka esibhedlela iphakeme kancane.
- Ama-catheter omchamo
- Umoya opholile
- Imijovo
- Ukuhlinzwa
Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, isikhumba, esiyisivikelo semvelo somzimba wethu, siyabhobozwa , okudala indlela yokuthi amagciwane angene emzimbeni. Yingakho kubalulekile ukunakekela ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kanye nokubulala amagciwane ezimweni ezinjalo.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalokhu kutheleleka?
Ukutheleleka okutholakale esibhedlela akuyona into elula. Uma kungelashwa kahle, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Lezi zinkinga ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka.
| Uhlobo lokutheleleka | Izinkinga ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka Kwegazi Okuhlobene Nomugqa Ophakathi (i-CLABSI) | Ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo (i-Endocarditis), izifo zamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis), ukusabalala kwamagciwane emzimbeni wonke (i-Sepsis). |
| Ukutheleleka kwendawo yokuhlinzwa (SSI) | Ukwephuza ukuphola kwenxeba, isidingo sokuhlinzwa kabusha, ukwenqatshwa kwamadivayisi afakwe, i-sepsis. |
| Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (CAUTI) | Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindwayo kwendlela yomchamo, i-sepsis. |
| I-pneumonia ehlobene nokuphefumula (i-VAP) | Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula, i-empyema, i-sepsis. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Udokotela uzoqala abukeze izimpawu zakho, futhi uma uke wahlinzwa, ahlole inxeba. Uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka, bangase bacele ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Ukwelashwa kunqunywa yimbangela yokutheleleka.
- Ama-antibiotic uma kuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane
- Ama-antiviral uma kuyigciwane elibangelwa yigciwane
- Ama-antifungal uma kuyisifo se-fungus
Kodwa kunenselele eyodwa enkulu lapha. Lokho ukumelana nama-antibiotic . Okusho ukuthi, ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane ziyajwayelana nemithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zibe buthakathaka kuleyo mithi. Lena inkinga enkulu lapho kwelashwa izifo ezitholwa esibhedlela. Yingakho sithi akufanele sisebenzise ama-antibiotic ngokungadingekile.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Kungavinjelwa kanjani lokhu kutheleleka?
Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha, futhi njengesiguli, wena nomndeni wakho ningadlala indima enkulu kulokhu.
- Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile: Ukugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukusabalala kwamagciwane. Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuvakashela esibhedlela, ikakhulukazi lapho uvakashela isiguli.
- Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo: Buza udokotela noma umhlengikazi okwelaphayo ngezinyathelo zokulawula ukutheleleka abazilandelayo. Isibonelo, kulungile ukubuza, "Dokotela, ingabe ugeze izandla zakho ngaphambi kokungijova?"
- Uma une-catheter yomchamo, qaphela:Buza udokotela njalo, "Ingabe le catheter isadingeka?" Ngoba ingozi yokutheleleka iphezulu uma nje ikhona.
- Sebenzisa ama-antibiotic njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele: Waphuze kuphela njengoba uyalelwe, ngomthamo owuyalelwe, isikhathi eside esibekiwe. Ungayeki ukuwaphuza phakathi nesikhathi.
- Yaziswa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa: Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze uvimbele izifo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Qaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma ubomvu obuzungeze inxeba , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Thola imijovo edingekayo: Thola imijovo enconywayo, njengomjovo womkhuhlane, ngesikhathi.
Siya esibhedlela sinethemba lokuthi sizoba ngcono. Kuyadabukisa ngempela ukugula futhi endaweni enjalo. Kodwa khumbula, eziningi zalezi zifo zingavinjelwa. Sonke sinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvikela impilo yethu. Uma ubona okuthile okungabeka wena noma omunye umuntu engozini yokutheleleka, ungangabazi ukwazisa abasebenzi bezempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izifo ezihlobene nesibhedlela (HAIs) izifo ezitholakala ngesikhathi zithola ukwelashwa esikhungweni sezempilo.
- Lokhu kungabangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi kakhulu.
- Eziningi zalezi zifo zingavinjelwa . Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu nelula yokwenza lokho ukugeza izandla zakho ngendlela efanele .
- Njengesiguli, unelungelo lokubuza imibuzo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwempilo yakho. Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngemikhuba yokulawula ukutheleleka.
- Uma ubonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala kwesilonda ngemva kokukhishwa esibhedlela noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ukutheleleka okuhlobene nesibhedlela, ukutheleleka kwe-nosocomial, ukutheleleka okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo, izifo ezitholwa esibhedlela, i-C. diff, i-MRSA, i-CAUTI, ukutheleleka kwendawo yokuhlinzwa, i-sepsis, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
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