Wake waba nobuhlungu besisu ngemva kokudla? Kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa ye-Bacillus cereus!

Wake waba nobuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, noma isifo sohudo ngemuva nje kokudla ukudla? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi ukudla bekunongwe kakhulu noma akuphekwanga kahle. Kodwa-ke, isitha esincane, esingabonakali esingaba ngemuva kwalezi zinto yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Bacillus cereus . Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula.

Iyini le 'Bacillus cereus'?

Kalula nje, i-'Bacillus cereus' uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elincane kakhulu, elibonakala kuphela ngesibonakhulu. Livame ukutholakala endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa-ke, leli bhaktheriya lingakhiqiza ubuthi obusenza sigule. Yilokho okusibangela izinkinga.

Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-'Bacillus cereus' zingasithinta kakhulu:

1. Uhlobo oluthinta uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla (lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `amathumbu`).

2. Uhlobo oluthinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `okungewona amathumbu`).

Ubuthi bokudla bubangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Bacillus cereus, ethinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Esikhathini esiningi, iba ngcono ngokwayo phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, kungaba yingozi kakhulu.

Ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus engeyona eyamathumbu, okungahlobene nobuthi bokudla, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kubi kakhulu. Usengozini enkulu uma unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba nesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka.
• Ukuba nokulimala ngenxa yokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izingozi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-Bacillus cereus ezibangela ubuthi bokudla?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ubuthi bokudla bubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus, ethinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.

1. Uhlobo olubangela uhudo (`Ama-Enterotoxins` noma `i-diarrheal syndrome`)

Okwenzekayo ukuthi ngemva kokudla ukudla okuqukethe amabhaktheriya noma ama-spores awo, ubuthi bukhiqizwa emathunjini akho amancane . Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka, olubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus, luvame kakhulu emazweni anjengeMelika neYurophu.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwamahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-15 ngemva kokudla ukudla okungcolile. Ukudla okungadala lesi sifo kufaka phakathi:

• Inhlanzi
• Imikhiqizo yobisi
• Inyama
• Amasosi
• Amasobho nama-gravies
• Imifino

2. Isifo sokungakhululeki noma sokuhlanza

Okwenzekayo ukuthi ubuthi buvele bukhona ekudleni ngaphambi kokuba ukudle. Ungagula ngokuvamile phakathi kwehora eli-1 neli-6 ngemva kokudla ukudla okungcolile.

Cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani uma besishiya ilayisi esiliphekile ngesikhathi sasemini kuze kube sebusuku, noma uma besishiya ilayisi esililethe ephathini ngaphandle kokulifaka esiqandisini. Yilapho-ke leli gciwane liqala khona ukusebenza.Uma ilayisi eliphekiwe lingafakwanga efrijini kahle, futhi lishiywa ekamelweni lokushisa isikhathi eside kakhulu, leli gciwane lingakhula futhi likhiqize ubuthi. Ilayisi livame ukuhlotshaniswa nalolu hlobo lwe-'Bacillus cereus'. Hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa noshizi, kanye nokudla okunesitashi okufana nalokhu:

• I-pasta
• Izinhlobo zamakhekhe
• Izambane
• I-Sushi

Lokhu kushevu kungavela nasezintweni ezifana nalezi:

Okubalulekile: Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukufudumeza ukudla kuzowabulala la magciwane. Yiqiniso, amagciwane angafa. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi abukhiqizayo abubhujiswa ngokushisa. Yileyo inkinga!

Yiziphi izifo ze-'Bacillus cereus' ezingahlobene nobuthi bokudla? (`I-Bacillus cereus engeyona eyamathumbu`)

Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka kwe-Bacillus cereus luthinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kohlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Luvame ukubonakala ku:

• Emehlweni
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula
• Emanxebeni

Leli gciwane lingaphila ezindaweni ezifana nothuli, izitshalo, inhlabathi kanye namanzi.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa le 'Bacillus cereus'?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani, kungakhathaliseki ubudala noma uhlanga, angaba nokudla okunobuthi noma ezinye izifo ezihlobene ne-Bacillus cereus.

Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokuthola izifo ze-Bacillus cereus ezingezona ezamathumbu iyanda uma:

• Uma kungumntwana osanda kuzalwa.
• Uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-catheter engaphakathi.
• Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka.
• Uma unezilonda ezingakapholi ngenxa yokuhlinzwa noma enye ingozi.
• Uma usebenzisa imithi efakwa emthanjeni (IV).

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo ze-'Bacillus cereus'?

Ubuthi bokudla obubangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Bacillus cereus buvame kakhulu . E-United States kuphela, kunezimo ezingaba ngu-63,400 ezibikwa minyaka yonke. Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izimo ezweni lethu, ikakhulukazi ngendlela esidla ngayo ngaphandle.

Kodwa ukutheleleka kwe-Bacillus cereus okungewona amathumbu (okungahlobene nohlelo lokugaya ukudla) akuvamile.

Le 'Bacillus cereus' ibangela kanjani ubuthi bokudla?

Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka uma udla ukudla okushiywe ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngisho noma ukudla kuphinde kufudunyezwe, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ubuthi ekudleni.

Ibhaktheriya i-'Bacillus cereus' ikhiqiza ama-spores, futhi la ma-spores akhipha ubuthi. La ma-spores anda ngokushesha kakhulu ekushiseni kwegumbi. Uma udla ukudla okuqukethe la ma-spores, ubuthi bubangela ukuhlanza noma uhudo. Cabanga nje, uma isitsha sesobho se-lentil esiphekiwe ekuseni sishiywa ngaphandle kuze kube kusihlwa, noma uma isitshulu senhlanzi sishiywa ngaphandle kwesiqandisi izinsuku ezimbili, khona-ke leli bhaktheriya linethuba elihle lokwenza umsebenzi walo.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokungenwa ubuthi ekudleni okubangelwa yi-'Bacillus cereus'?

Izimpawu zalezo zinhlobo ezibangela uhudo (`ama-Enterotoxins`) yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu
• Uhudo olunamanzi

Izimpawu ze-'emetic syndrome' zifaka:

• Isicanucanu (ukuzizwa sengathi uhlanza)
• Ukuhlanza

I-Bacillus cereus ibangela kanjani izifo ezibangelwa ukudla?

Lezi zifo zibangelwa ama-spores e-Bacillus cereus angena emzimbeni ngandlela thile futhi akhiqize ubuthi. La ma-spores angangena emzimbeni ngokuthi:

• Imishini engcolile esetshenziswa ezibhedlela, njenge-catheter.
• Kusukela ezilonda ezithelelekile.
• Ngokuphefumula uthuli olungcolile.
• Kusukela ekuthelelekeni okutholakale esibhedlela.

Izifo ezingezona ezamathumbu ezingabangelwa yi-B. cereus yilezi:

• Amabhaktheriya angena egazini (i-bacteremia)
• Ukutheleleka kweso okubangelwa amagciwane noma isikhunta (i-endophthalmitis) - Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ithumba lobuchopho
• I-cellulitis (ukutheleleka kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo (i-endocarditis)
• I-Meningitis - ebizwa nangokuthi umkhuhlane wobuchopho.
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis)
• Inyumoniya

Yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle komsele wokudla?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. I-Endophthalmitis uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwesimo. Izimpawu zalesi sifo esisongela impilo zingase zihlanganise:

• Ubuhlungu bamehlo
• Umsebenzi onzima
• Imfiva
• Ukwanda kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi (i-leukocytosis)
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo
• Isilonda se-cornea esimise okwendandatho

Ezinye iziguli ezine-endophthalmitis zingase zilahlekelwe yiso. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yini engavamile emehlweni akho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi kukhona ubuthi bokudla obubangelwa yi-'Bacillus cereus'? ('Ukuxilongwa')

Udokotela uvame ukusola ukuthi kukhona ubuthi ekudleni ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho (ukuhlanza, uhudo, ubuhlungu besisu) kanye nokudla kokugcina okudlile. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-B. cereus iyimbangela, kuzodingeka kuhlolwe isampula yokudla okudlile kanye nesampula yendle noma ukuhlanza kwakho. Ngokukhethekile, ubuthi ekudleni buqinisekiswa uma kunezinhlobo ze-B. cereus eziyi-100,000 noma ngaphezulu ngegremu yokudla. Ezimweni zohudo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa futhi ukuze kubhekwe ubuthi.

Uyithola kanjani igciwane le-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle komsele wokudla?

Uma usola ukutheleleka okufana nalokhu, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwesampula yegazi (`ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi`) ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akhona yini amagciwane egazini.Lokhu kuvamile kakhulu. Futhi, amasampula oketshezi lomzimba (isibonelo, uketshezi lwe-vitreous uma kwenzeka i-endophthalmitis) ayathathwa futhi ahlolwe amagciwane kusetshenziswa ama-cultures ajwayelekile kanye ne-Gram stain. I-Gram stain ihilela ukufaka isampula ku-slide yengilazi ngedayi ekhethekile bese uyibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ubuthi bokudla obubangelwa yi-'Bacillus cereus'?

Iningi lamacala okungenwa ubuthi ekudleni okubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus azophela ngokwawo zingakapheli amahora angama-24. Udokotela angakutshela ukuthi wenze okulandelayo:

• Phumula kahle.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma unesifo sohudo noma uhlanza, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuwashintsha. Ukuphuza isiphuzo esifana neJeevani nakho kuhle.

Uma unesifo sohudo esinzima noma uhlanza, udokotela angase akuncome ukuthi unikezwe i-saline (`i-IV fluids`) ngemithambo yegazi .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo ze-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle komsele wokudla?

Ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esithile onaso. Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzokuqala ngama -antibiotic ukuze alwe namagciwane. Kodwa-ke, i-B. cereus itholakale imelana namanye ama-antibiotic. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho emyalile, isikhathi esiqondile.

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuba nesifo sohudo ekudleni okubangelwa yi-'Bacillus cereus'?

Ukugcina ukudla kuphephile yindlela kuphela yokunciphisa le ngozi. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Uma ukudla okuphekiwe kungafanele kudliwe ngokushesha, kupholise kufike ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-5 (41 degrees Fahrenheit) zingakapheli amahora ayisithupha . Isibonelo, ungashiyi ilayisi noma i-curry kuphekiwe emini kuze kube kusihlwa, kodwa kufake esiqandisini ngokushesha nje lapho sekuphekiwe.
• Gcina ukudla okudingeka kuqandiswe esiqandisini ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-5 (41 degrees Fahrenheit) .
• Gcina ukudla okudingeka kugcinwe kushisa ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-60 (135 degrees Fahrenheit) . Ngezinye izikhathi sibona ukudla okusema-buffet emakhaya kanye namaphathi kugcinwa kufudumele ezitsheni ezikhuhlayo. Kunjalo-ke.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ukudla okuphinda ukufudumeze kufudunyezwe okungenani kufike kuma-degree Celsius angu-74 (165 degrees Fahrenheit) . Ukufudumala nje akwanele. Kudingeka kushise kakhulu.
• Lahla noma yikuphi ukudla ocabanga ukuthi kungaqukatha amagciwane. Uma ungabaza, ungakudli. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza.

Cabanga nje, uma sidla `irayisi elithosiwe` noma `kottu` esilithenga esitolo ebusuku bese sishiya okusele ngaphandle, kunethuba elihle lokuthi `i-Bacillus cereus` izokhula kuyo ngakusasa ekuseni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ngokugcina ukudla.

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yokutheleleka yi-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle kochungechunge lokudla?

Unganciphisa le ngozi ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo nangendlela efanele . Ungakwazi futhi:

• Uma unesifo esibuthakathaka amasosha omzimba wakho, thola ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele.
• Ungasebenzisi imithi efakwa ngemithambo yegazi.
• Uma ulimale noma unengozi, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kwenzekani uma kuvela i-'Bacillus cereus'?

Ngaphandle kokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho abuthakathaka, izinkinga ezivela ekudleni okunobuthi okubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus azivamile . Iningi labantu abathola lolu hlobo lokutheleleka kwe-B. cereus bayalulama ngokushesha.

Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwe-Bacillus cereus okungeyona eyamathumbu ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukufa noma ezinye izinkinga. Izibonelo:

• Ukufa kwezicubu (`Gangrene`)
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono unomphela
• I-Septicemia
• I-viral meningitis - Nakuba lokhu kuqala ngamagciwane, ezinye izinkinga zingavela.

Iyini iphrojekthi yokululama uma uthola i-'Bacillus cereus'?

Uma unobuthi bokudla obubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus, amathuba okululama ngokuvamile amahle kakhulu . Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele.

Kodwa-ke, uma unegciwane le-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle komsele wokudla, indlela yokululama incike ku:

• Kuya ngokuthi uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha kangakanani.
• Kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kubucayi kangakanani.
• Kuye ngezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo onazo.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izimo ezisengozini enkulu yezinkinga?

Ngokuvamile, uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nezinkinga ezibangelwa ukutheleleka yi-Bacillus cereus. Futhi, uma:

• Uma kungumntwana osanda kuzalwa.
• Uma othile esevele elaliswe esibhedlela.
• Uma ama-antibiotic engaqalwa kusenesikhathi ngenxa yokutheleleka okungaphandle komsele wokudla.
• Uma unomdlavuza wezicubu ezakha igazi (i-hematologic malignancies) (isib. i-leukemia, i-lymphoma, i-multiple myeloma).
• Uma unesifo sesibindi.
• Uma une-neutropenia (izinga eliphansi lohlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi).
• Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-corticosteroids.

Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, isibikezelo singaba sibi kakhulu.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma ngine-Bacillus cereus?

Uma unobuthi bokudla obubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus, ungenza okulandelayo:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi.
• Phumula kahle.

Uma unegciwane le-Bacillus cereus ngaphandle komsele wokudla:

• Phila impilo enempilo.
• Thatha imithi eqondile enikezwe izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka futhi uba nezimpawu zokuthi unesifo sokudla noma ukutheleleka nge-Bacillus cereus, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Ukutheleleka nge-Bacillus cereus kungaba yinkinga enkulu. Ubuthi bokudla buyinto engathandeki kakhulu futhi bungakwenza ugule kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, ubuthi bokudla obubangelwa yi-Bacillus cereus buvame ukuba ngcono phakathi nosuku noma ngaphezulu, futhi abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele. I-B. cereus ingadala nezifo ezingaphandle kwendlela yokugaya ukudla, kodwa lezi azivamile. Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka noma ezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo, zombili izinhlobo zokutheleleka kwe-Bacillus cereus zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokuphumula ngokwanele kungakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha ekubuthi bokudla. Ama-antibiotic angasiza ngezifo ezingaphandle kwendlela yokugaya ukudla. Uma uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okululama ayanda.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

• I-Bacillus cereus yibhaktheriya engabangela ubuthi ekudleni kanye nezinye izifo.
• Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi ekudleni okuphekiwe, ikakhulukazi ilayisi, okushiywe endaweni yokushisa yegumbi isikhathi eside kakhulu .
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuthi umuntu unesifo sokudla ukuhlanza kanye/noma isifo sohudo.
• Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuxazululeka phakathi nosuku, kungaba yingozi kancane kulabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka .
• Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema lokhu ukulandela imikhuba yokuphepha kokudla . Pheka ukudla kahle, ukugcine kahle, bese ufaka okusele efrijini ngokushesha.
• Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile emehlweni, emanxebeni, noma ohlelweni lokuphefumula, qaphela nalokho.
• Uma ungabaza, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ungakhathazeki, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungaholela ekululameni okuhle.

Impilo yakho ibalulekile nakithi!

I- Bacillus cereus, ubuthi bokudla, amagciwane, ukutheleleka, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, ukuphepha kokudla, ama-spores