Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokuphefumula njenge-asthma? Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, udokotela kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile ukuthi usebenzise i-inhaler. Ama-beta-agonists uhlobo olukhethekile lomuthi oluqukethwe kulawo ma-inhaler enza ukuphefumula kwethu kube lula. Nakuba leli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa, kalula kakhulu.
Kalula nje, uyini i-beta-agonist?
Cabanga ngamaseli emizimbeni yethu njenganezinkinobho ezincane noma 'izinkinobho'. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lawa ma-receptor. Lolu hlobo lomuthi, olubizwa ngokuthi i-beta-agonist, luvula lawa 'ma-switch' abizwa ngokuthi ama-beta-receptor emaphashini ethu nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.
Uma le switch ivuliwe, imisipha ezungeze imigudu yomoya emaphashini iyakhululeka. Lokhu kuvula imigudu yomoya emincane futhi kwenza kube lula ngathi ukuphefumula. Yingakho le mithi ibizwa nangokuthi 'ama-bronchodilators'. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiza ukukhulisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi ikhulise umsebenzi wenhliziyo ngezinga elithile.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-beta-agonists?
Yebo, le mithi ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko, kuye ngezinhlobo zama-beta-receptors emzimbeni wethu.
- Ama-agonist e-Beta-1: Lawa athinta kakhulu ama-receptor enhliziyweni yethu. Lolu hlobo lomuthi lwenza inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha futhi lusize ukuthi ipompe igazi ngamandla amakhulu. Yingakho odokotela bewasebenzisa kwezinye izimo zenhliziyo nezimo eziphuthumayo.
- Ama-agonist e-Beta-2: Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Le mithi, ikakhulukazi leyo enikezwa yi-inhaler, isebenza ngokubopha ngqo kuma-receptor emaphashini , ikhulule imisipha emigudwini yomoya futhi yenze kube lula ukuphefumula. Ibalulekile ekwelapheni izimo ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD (Isifo Sokuvinjelwa Okungapheli Kwezinhlungu Zamaphaphu).
- Ama-agonist e-Beta-3: Lawa ayisigaba esisha semithi. Imithi yamanje kuleli klasi isebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokukhulula imisipha esinyeni , inciphise isidingo sokuchama njalo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isimo esibizwa ngokuthi isinye esisebenza ngokweqile.
Kukhona nezinhlobo zama-agonist e-beta-2.
Yebo, lolu hlobo lwe-beta-2 olunikezwa ubunzima bokuphefumula luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwazi lokhu.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ama-Beta-Agonists Asebenza Kafushane (SABA) | Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi "izifutho zokusindisa." Zisetshenziswa lapho ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma kuba kubi ngokuzumayo noma uma unenkinga yokuphefumula. Zisebenza ngemizuzu embalwa futhi zinikeza impumuzo esheshayo. |
| Ama-Beta-Agonists Asebenza Isikhathi Eside (i-LABA) | Lezi akuzona ezokusheshisa ukukhululeka. Zisetshenziswa nsuku zonke, ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela ubunzima bokuphefumula. Imiphumela yazo ihlala amahora amaningana. Ngokuvamile zinikezwa kanye nomuthi we-steroid (corticosteroid). |
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda lokhu ukucabanga ngempendulo yomzimba wethu "yokulwa noma ukubaleka". Zicabange usuzobhekana nengozi engazelelwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, umzimba wakho ulungiselela ukulwa noma ukubaleka.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni, zandisa imigudu yokuphefumula emaphashini ukuze kutholakale umoya-mpilo owengeziwe, futhi kusheshiswe ukushaya kwenhliziyo ukuze kuthunyelwe lelo gazi elinomoya-mpilo emisipheni ngokushesha.
Yilokho kanye okwenziwa yimithi ye-beta-agonist ngokwenziwa. Ivula 'amaswishi' afanele (ama-receptor) futhi yenza umzimba uphendule sengathi ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo. Yingakho imisipha emaphashini ikhululeka, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
Yiziphi izidakamizwa ze-beta-agonist ezisetshenziswa kakhulu?
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi ye-beta-agonist enikezwa odokotela. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Izibonelo (amagama ezidakamizwa) |
|---|---|
| I-beta-2 esebenza ngokushesha (SABA) | I-Salbutamol / Albuterol, i-Levalbuterol |
| I-beta-2 esebenza isikhathi eside (i-LABA) | I-Formoterol, i-Salmeterol, ne-Indacaterol |
| I-agonist ye-Beta-1 | I-Dobutamine, i-Norepinephrine |
| I-agonist ye-Beta-3 | I-Mirabegron |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-beta-agonists angabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, uma isetshenziswa njenge-inhaler, umuthi uya ngqo emaphashini, ngakho-ke imiphumela emibi ivame ukuba mincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nalokhu:
- Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia)
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukushaqeka
- Ukukhathazeka
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
- Ukujuluka
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi, noma uma uzizwa ungavamile ngemva kokusebenzisa umuthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angase akwazi ukulungisa umthamo noma akunikeze umuthi ohlukile.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Kunezimo eziningana lapho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi engathandeki nengalindelekile .
- Uma unomuzwa wokuthi umuthi wakho awusebenzi kahle njengoba wawusebenza (isibonelo, udinga ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho isikhathi eside kunangaphambili ukuze uthole impumuzo).
- Uma uzizwa sengathi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu futhi awukwazi ukuzilawula .
Kulesi simo, udokotela wakho angabuyekeza uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa futhi akunikeze ikhambi elikhululekile neliphumelelayo kakhulu.Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-beta-agonists uhlobo lomuthi owenza ukuphefumula kube lula, ikakhulukazi osetshenziselwa izifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-short-acting (SABA) enikeza usizo olusheshayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo, kanye ne-long-acting (LABA) enikeza ukulawula lesi sifo isikhathi eside.
- Sebenzisa lo muthi njalo njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, futhi kuphela ngomthamo owubekiwe .
- Qaphela imiphumela emibi efana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nezandla eziqhaqhazelayo. Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi ukwelashwa kwakho akusebenzanga kahle noma izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu, ungazinyangi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
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