Ingabe amehlo engane yakho ahlala edabula? Noma uvuka ekuseni amehlo womabili egobile futhi amehlo akho enamathelene? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noma usumdala, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazizwa izinyembezi zigeleza njalo esweni elilodwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma ubona into efana nale. Kodwa isizathu salokhu ngokuvamile yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "amapayipi ezinyembezi avaliwe," esikhuluma ngaso namuhla. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Iyini i-Blocked Tear Duct?
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinyembezi ezikhiqizwe emehlweni ethu aziphumi kahle, kodwa zibhajwa ndawana thize kulolo hlelo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "Ukuvimbela Amapayipi E-Nasolacrimal".
Manje, izinyembezi zibalulekile ukuze amehlo ethu asebenze kahle. Izinyembezi zigcina amehlo emanzi futhi egcotshwe. Ziphinde zisize i-cornea ukuthi ithole umoya-mpilo eyidingayo futhi ivikele iso emagciwaneni.
Isibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuqonda lokhu umsele ophahleni lwendlu. Cabanga nje, umsele ukhona ukuze uqoqe amanzi awela ophahleni bese ewathwala ngepayipi. Kodwa kwenzekani uma leli payipi livalekile ngamaqabunga nothuli? Amanzi awawi, kodwa ageleza ephuma emseleni. Kunjalo nangesistimu yethu yezinyembezi. Lapho izinyembezi zingawi kahle futhi zivalekile, ziqala ukuphuma emehlweni.
Nansi indlela uhlelo lwethu lokukhipha izinyembezi olusebenza ngayo:
Ake sifunde kancane ngalolu hambo.
- Ama-Punctae: Uma ubheka esibukweni, uzobona ukuthi kunezimbobo ezimbili ezincane ngaphakathi kwezinkophe zethu ezingaphezulu nezingezansi, eduze kwekhala. Izinyembezi ziqala ukuphuma emehlweni ngalezi zimbobo ezimbili ezibizwa ngokuthi ``puncta'', ezisebenza njengezimbobo esitsheni samanzi.
- I-Canaliculi: Izinyembezi ezingena ngalezo zimbobo ezimbili bese zingena emapayipini amabili amahle kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi i-canaliculi. Lawa mapayipi amabili ayahlangana ukuze akhe ipayipi elilodwa elincane.
- Umsele Wezimbobo Zasezimbobo: Izinyembezi zibe sezingena emseleni wezimbobo zasemakhaleni, othwala izinyembezi ziye ekhaleni.
- I-Hasner's Valve: Ngaphansi kwalomsele wokukhala izinyembezi, lapho uvulekela khona ekhaleni, kukhona i-valve ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Valve of Hasner". Ngokuvamile, le valve iyavuleka ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane azikavulwa lapho zizalwa. Yilapho-ke ukuvaleka kwemisele yokukhala yokuzalwa kuvame kakhulu.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
Imigudu yezinyembezi evalekile ivame kakhulu ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngokusho kocwaningo, lesi simo sithinta phakathi kuka-6% no-20% wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, asivamile kangako kubantu abadala.
Ziyini izimpawu zemibhobho yezinyembezi evalekile?
Kunezimpawu eziningana ezingabonakala kulesi simo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuvinjelwa kungaholela ngisho nasekuthelelekeni. Ake sibheke lezi zimpawu ngokuningiliziwe.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Amehlo anamanzi | Ukuzizwa umanzi njalo noma izinyembezi zigeleza ezihlathini zakho ngaphandle kwesizathu, ngaphandle kokukhala. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(epiphora)`. |
| Ukuvuvukala/ukuvuvukala kwejwabu leso | Uma uvuka ekuseni, izinkophe zakho zinamathelana futhi zinombala ophuzi noma oluhlaza okotshani. Lo mbala unganqwabelana usuku lonke. |
| Ukuhlikihla amehlo njalo noma eduze kwawo | Ngenxa yokungakhululeki kwamehlo, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, zivame ukuzama ukuhlikihla amehlo noma impumulo yazo. |
| Ukubomvu kwamehlo nokuvuvukala | Ukuthinta nokuhlikihla njalo kungabangela isikhumba esizungeze amehlo ukuba sibe bomvu futhi sivuvuke kancane. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Ukubona kungase kuzwakale kufiphele kancane ngenxa yokuba khona njalo kwefilimu yokudabuka esweni. |
| Izimpawu Zokutheleleka | |
| Ukuvuvukala/ukubomvu komsele wokukhala izinyembezi | Indawo ephakathi kwekhona elingaphakathi leso nekhala ingaba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ibe buhlungu ukuyithinta. |
| Imfiva | Uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka emzimbeni wonke, kungase kube nomkhuhlane. |
| Ukungakhululeki nokucasuka | Ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane zikhala njalo futhi zenqaba ukudla noma ukuphuza ngenxa yobuhlungu nokungakhululeki. |
| Ubuhlungu bamehlo | Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obufana nokucindezela ngaphakathi kweso noma ema-sinuses. |
Kungani imigudu yokudonsa izinyembezi ivaleka kanje?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ezinye zizalwa nazo, kanti ezinye zikhula kamuva ekuphileni.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvaleka Kwasebuntwini | |
| Ivalvu kaHasner ayivuli | Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza izingane eziningi zibe nalesi simo. I-valve kaHasner, okufanele ivuleke lapho izalwa, ayivuli, ngakho izinyembezi azigelezi emakhaleni bese zivaleka. |
| Izimbangela Ezitholiwe | |
| Izifo | Ukutheleleka okuvamile esweni noma eduze kwalo kungabangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda, kunciphise noma kuvimbe umgudu wokukhala izinyembezi. |
| Ukulimala | Umsele ungavaleka ngenxa yokuvuvukala noma izinguquko zezicubu ezibangelwa ukulimala noma ukuhlinzwa ebusweni, emehlweni, noma ekhaleni. |
| I-Dacryostenosis | Abanye abantu bangazalwa benemibhobho emincane yokudabuka, noma bangase banciphe kancane kancane njengoba bekhula. |
| Ukuguga | Njengoba sikhula, izimbobo kanye nemigudu ohlelweni lwethu lokudabuka ziqala ukuba zincane ngokwemvelo, okungenye imbangela yokuvaleka. |
| Izimila noma ukukhula | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kungabangelwa futhi yizimila ezivamile noma ezinomdlavuza ezikhula ohlelweni lwemibhobho yezinyembezi. |
| Amatshe okudabuka (ama-Dacryolith) | Izingxenye ezinyembezini zinganqwabelana futhi zakhe amatshe amancane (ama-dacryolith) ngaphakathi komsele wokukhala izinyembezi, afana namatshe ezinso. Uma lawa eba makhulu, angavimba umsele. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela bese uthola imbangela eqondile, kunokuzama ukuzelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona lezi zimpawu.
Dokotela, ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela angathola umbono ngalesi simo ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuhlola iso lakho nendawo ezungezile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okulula okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukuhlolwa Kokunyamalala Kwedayi" kungenziwa.
- Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithonsi ledayi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi "i-fluorescein" esweni lakho.
- Lo mbala ukhanya ngaphansi kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ngemva kwemizuzu engaba mi-5, udokotela uhlola ukuthi umbala usuphumile yini esweni noma ukuthi usekhona.
- Uma umsele wokukhipha izinyembezi usebenza kahle, lo mbala kufanele uphele.Uma kusekhona umbala osele esweni, kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuvaleka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye komsele wokukhala izinyembezi.
Uma kusolwa ukuthi kunesinye isizathu sokuvaleka kwale nkinga, ungathunyelwa kwezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha imigudu yezinyembezi evalekile?
Lesi yisimo esingelapheka kakhulu, kodwa izindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobudala nezinye izici.
Ukwelashwa kwezinsana ezincane
Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa enalesi simo, ngokuvamile uzozixazulula ngokwawo lapho efika eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala yokuzalwa cishe ezimweni ezingama-90%. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuyelapha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka futhi kusheshiswe ukululama.
- Indlela Yokuhlikihla: Lena indlela yokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu nephumelelayo ezinganeni. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa indlela efanele yokwenza lokhu. Ngokuhlikihla kancane indawo ephakathi kwekhoneni elingaphakathi leso nekhala ngendlela efanele, ungafaka ingcindezi ku-valve engavulekile bese uyisiza ukuthi ivuleke.
- Ama-antibiotic: Uma iso lakho ligcwele ubomvu kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza amaconsi amehlo alwa namagciwane.
Uma ingane ingathuthuki ngale ndlela yokuhlikihla ngemva konyaka, udokotela angase ayithumele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Ukwelashwa kwasebekhulile nabanye
Ukuhlikihla akusebenzi kubantu abadala, ngakho-ke kudingeka ezinye izindlela.
- Ukwandisa, Ukuhlola, kanye Nokunisela: Lena inqubo elula.
1. Ukwanda: Okokuqala, izimbobo ezincane (i-puncta) esweni zivulwa kancane ngethuluzi elikhethekile.
2. Ukuhlola: Ithuluzi elincane kakhulu lidluliselwa epayipini ukuze kutholakale ukuvaleka bese kuzama ukukususa.
3. Ukunisela: Ekugcineni, uketshezi olunosawoti ludluliselwa epayipini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi luhlanzekile ngokuphelele futhi luvuleke kahle.
- Ukwanda Kwamabhaluni: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma umsele uncane kakhulu, kufakwa ithuluzi elincane elinebhaluni emseleni bese ibhaluni livuthelwa umoya ukuze kwandiswe umsele ngaphakathi.
- Ukufaka I-Stent noma Ukufaka I-Intubation: Uma i-duct incipha ngokuphindaphindiwe, ipayipi elincane kakhulu elenziwe nge-silicone (stent) lingafakwa okwesikhashana ngaphakathi kwe-duct ukuze lihlale livulekile. Leli payipi liyasuswa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
- Izinqubo Zokuhlinzwa: Uma kungekho okunye ukwelashwa okuye kwaphumelela, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
- I-DCR (i-Dacryocystorhinostomy): Lokhu kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi izinyembezi zigeleze ekhaleni, zidlule endaweni evinjiwe.
- I-CDCR (i-Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy):Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kwenziwa ezimweni lapho lonke uhlelo lokudabuka luphinde lwakhiwa kabusha.
Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela imigudu yokudonsa izinyembezi evalekile?
Eqinisweni, izinto eziningi ezibangela lokhu azibikezeleki futhi zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Ngakho-ke, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lokhu nge-100%.
Kodwa-ke, singenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka okungaholela ekuvinjweni:
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
- Yeka ukuthinta nokuhlikihla amehlo akho ngokungadingekile.
- Uma ugqoka ama-contact lens, wahlanze kahle bese uwashintsha ngesikhathi.
- Ungabelani ngezimonyo zamehlo (njenge-mascara, i-eyeliner) nabanye. Futhi, zishintshe njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imigudu yezinyembezi evalekile ivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Ivame ukuzixazulula yodwa phakathi nonyaka wokuqala.
- Ukudabuka njalo kanye nokucasuka kwamehlo yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Lesi simo singaholela ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane, ngakho-ke ungazinaki izimpawu.
- Indlela ekhethekile yokuhlikihla efundiswa udokotela ezinganeni iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu.
- Kubantu abadala, kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokususa ukuvaleka.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.
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