Ingabe nawe uyayikhetha isikhumba sakho noma uyidonse izinwele zakho uma uwedwa? Ingabe lokhu kuyindlela yokuziphatha ephindaphindwayo egxile emzimbeni (BFRB)?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzithola ukhahlela izinzipho zakho, udonsa izinwele zakho, noma uluma izindebe zakho? Ungase ucabange ngalokhu njengemikhuba emincane nje, "yezinzwa" ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa kungaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngale mikhuba esiyenzayo ukuze silimaze imizimba yethu ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi Ukuziphatha Okuphindaphindayo Okugxile Emzimbeni (BFRBs).

Yiziphi ngempela izindlela zokuziphatha eziphindaphindayo ezigxile emzimbeni (ama-BFRB)?

Kalula nje, i-``(BFRB)`` isenzo osenza ngokuphindaphindiwe ngento ethile emzimbeni wakho. Okwenzekayo ukuthi, ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele, ubangela umonakalo omncane emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaningi bakubona lokhu njengezinto "zezinzwa" nje. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nokuluma isikhumba esizungeze izinzipho zakho uma unesithukuthezi noma ukushaya iminwe yakho.

Kodwa lezi akuzona nje izinto esizenzayo ukuze sidlulise isikhathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zethu, isakhiwo sobuchopho, kanye nemizwa kuyayithonya le ndlela yokuziphatha. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazama ukunciphisa lezi zinto, kodwa cishe uthole ukuthi kunzima ukuziyeka. I-BFRB iyisifiso esinamandla, esingalawuleki. Futhi, ungase uzizwe ujabule noma wanelisekile ngokwenza lokho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo uma udinga usizo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalezi `(BFRB)`?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-`(BFRB)`. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko nezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuqoqwa kwesikhumba noma ukuqoqwa kwesikhumba: Lokhu kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi "i-Excoriation" noma "i-Dermatillomania." Lokhu kuhilela ukuqoqwa, ukuklwebha, nokumba izindawo zesikhumba ngokuphindaphindiwe.
• Ukudonsa izinwele: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Trichotillomania." Lokhu kuhilela ukukhipha izinwele ezindaweni ezifana nesikhumba sekhanda, amashiya, kanye nezinkophe.

Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili nazo ziyizona eziyinhloko ezichazwe ku-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR).

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ze-`(BFRB)`?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-`(BFRB)`. Yilezi:

• Ukugaya amazinyo: `(Ukucindezeleka)`
• Ukuqhekeka kweminwe: `(Crepitus)` (Lokhu ngokuvamile akunangozi, kodwa abanye abantu bakwenza njengomkhuba)
• Ukuluma isikhumba: `(I-Dermatophagia)`
• Ukuncela iminwe: `(Ukuncela iminwe)` (Lokhu kuvamile ezinganeni ezincane, kodwa kungenzeka nakwabanye abantu abadala)
• I -keratosis yokulunywa yizindebe:
• Ukuluma ingaphakathi lezihlathi: `(Morsicatio buccarum)`
• Ukulunywa kwezinzipho: `(Onychophagia)`
• Ukuluma/ukuphula izinzipho: `(Onychotillomania)`
• Ukukha ikhala: `(Rhinotillexomania)` (Lokhu futhi kuyinto abantu abaningi abayenzayo njengomkhuba)
• Ukudla izinwele: `(Trichophagnia)` (Ukudonsa izinwele)

Nakuba lezi ezinye izinhlobo zingakhulunywa ngazo ngqo ku-DSM-5-TR, udokotela angazikhomba ngokuzifaka esigabeni esifanele se-BFRB.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zimo?

Ngokusho kwezifundo ezahlukahlukene, odokotela bahlonze ngokusemthethweni phakathi kuka-0.5% no-4.4% wabantu njengabane-BFRB. Kodwa-ke, inani langempela cishe liphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abafuni iseluleko sezokwelapha ngalesi simo. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yamahloni, noma ngoba abazi ukuthi kuyisifo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(BFRB)`?

Izindlela zokuziphatha ezivame ukubonakala ``(BFRB)`` yilezi:

• Ukudonsa, ukuklwebha, nokuphula izinwele zakho, izinzipho, kanye nesikhumba.
• Izinzipho ezilumayo, izindebe, izihlathi.
• Iminwe eqhumayo, amalunga aqhumayo.
• Amazinyo aququdayo.

Uma wenza lezi zinto, ungase uzizwe kanje:

• Ngaphambi kokwenza lokho kuziphatha, uzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi ucindezelekile , futhi ngemva kokukwenza, uzizwa ukhululekile okwesikhashana .
• Kuzwakala sengathi awunawo amandla okulawula lapho wenza lokho (njengokungathi awukwazi ukuyeka).
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukwenza ngamabomu (ngokuqonda) , kanti ngezinye izikhathi ukwenza ngokungazi (ngokuqonda) . Cabanga nje, ngenkathi ubukele i-TV noma ufunda incwadi, usika umunwe wakho noma udonsa izinwele ngephutha.

Kungani lokhu `(BFRB)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Odokotela abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ama-BFRB, kodwa ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lezi zici zingase zibe nomthelela:

• Isakhiwo sobuchopho nezakhi zofuzo: Ubuchopho bethu bunezingxenye ezilawula izinto ezifana nenjabulo nokwaneliseka. Nezingxenye ezilawula imizwa. Ezinye izinguquko esakhiweni salezi zingxenye zingabangela ama-BFRB. Izakhi zofuzo zethu zinquma ukuthi lezi zingxenye zobuchopho zakheka kanjani nokuthi zisebenza kanjani. Futhi, izakhi zofuzo zingathinta ukuthi amakhemikhali alawula imizwa yethu kanye nemizwa, njenge-Serotonin ne-Dopamine, awalawulwa kahle ebuchosheni.
• Ukulawula Imizwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, lawa "(ama-BFRB)" angaba yindlela esisebenzisa ngayo imizimba yethu ukubhekana noma ukugwema imizwa emibi efana nokuhlazeka, ihlazo, isithukuthezi nokudabuka.
• Ukuphazamiseka: Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile noma ushukunyiswe ngokweqile, lokhu "(BFRB)" kungaba yindlela yokuziphazamisa. Okusho ukuthi, lokhu kuziphatha kungabonakala kukusiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukungakhululeki, futhi kuziphazamise kulokho okwenzekayo okuzungezile.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu `(BFRB)` akubangelwa yisifiso sokuthuthukisa isithombe sakho noma ukushintsha ukubukeka kwakho. Kunezinye izimo zengqondo ezingabangelwa yizinto ezinjalo, kodwa `(BFRB)` akunjalo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola ama-BFRB?

Abantu abanalezi zici bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokuthola ama-BFRB:

• Ukuba ngowesifazane.
• Ukubhekana nohlobo oluthile lokuhlukunyezwa noma ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu ebuntwaneni noma kamuva ekuphileni.
• Ukuba nelungu lomndeni elinesifo (esihlobene nempilo) ``(BFRB)```.
• Ukuzethemba okuphansi.
• Ukuba Nesifo Sokucindezeleka Okubangelwa Ukucindezeleka (OCD)
• Ukuba nenkinga yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ukuba umlutha wezidakamizwa noma utshwala.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalokhu `(BFRB)`?

Ukuhlafuna, ukukha, nokudonsa izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho njalo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nalezi:

• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Ukutheleleka kungavela kalula uma isikhumba silimele.
• Ukopha: Ngezinye izikhathi, amanxeba angopha.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele: Ukudonsa izinwele njalo kungabangela amabala anempandla.
• Izibazi: Ukulimala kwesikhumba kungabangela izibazi ezihlala njalo.

Uma ukubukeka kwakho kuguqulwa ngokungazi yizenzo zakho, kungathinta imizwa yakho, ukuzethemba kwakho, kanye nokuzethemba. Ungacela usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ukuze ulawule le mizwa.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi unayo `(BFRB)`?

Udokotela wakho oyinhloko, udokotela wesikhumba, noma udokotela wamazinyo angaba ngowokuqala ukukubona uma une-BFRB. Isibonelo, uma unenkinga yesikhumba, udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuthi uhlala egxeka isikhumba sakho. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi uzizwa kanjani. Bangase bakuthumele kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo.

Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uzokuhlola ukuze abone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyahambisana yini nezindinganiso zokuxilonga i-BFRB:

• Uzibandakanya ekuziphatheni okuphindaphindiwe okulimaza umzimba wakho.
• Uzama ukuyeka (noma ukunciphisa) lokhu kuziphatha, kodwa awukwazi.
• Lokhu kuziphatha kukubangela ukucindezeleka noma kuphazamise ikhono lakho lokwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(BFRB)`?

Okukodwa noma kokubili kwalokhu kungasetshenziswa njengokwelapha ama-BFRB:

• Ukwelapha: Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uzokufundisa ukuqeqeshwa kokuguqula umkhuba ngendlela yokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uqaphele kakhudlwana izinto ezibangela lokhu kuziphatha. Uzoqeqeshwa futhi ukuthola ezinye izindlela zokuphendula kuzo esikhundleni sokuzenza. Cabanga ukuthi njalo uma uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukushaya umuntu, uzofunda ukucindezela ibhola elincane noma ukwenza okunye esikhundleni salokho.
• Imithi: Okwamanje akukho mithi evunyelwe ngqo yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ye-BFRB. Kodwa-ke, kunemithi engasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu. Udokotela angase anikeze imithi yokucindezeleka ebizwa ngokuthi i-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). Isengezo esibizwa ngokuthi i-NAC (N-acetylcysteine) singaba usizo nakwabanye abantu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Thatha imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Ungenzi noma yiziphi izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho.

Hlobo luni lwesipiliyoni umuntu one-`(BFRB)` analo?

I-BFRB ingazizwa futhi ibukeke ihlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile, ukhululekile, noma ucindezelekile. Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi uzozizwa nini ngempela isifiso sokukwenza. Ngezinye izikhathi, awuqapheli nokuthi uyakwenza kuze kube yilapho othile ekutshelile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zenzo zingalimaza umzimba wakho, zibangele izibazi, futhi ziholele ekuthelelekeni.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukwelashwa, okuvame ukuba yinhlanganisela yokwelulekwa kanye nemithi, kungakusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho ze-BFRB. Kuthatha isikhathi nokuzijwayeza - awukwazi ukuyeka lezi zenzo ngobusuku obubodwa. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalolu hlelo lokwelashwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Bona udokotela uma unemikhuba ephindaphindayo egxile emzimbeni ofuna ukuyiyeka kodwa unenkinga yokuzilawula wedwa. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukukhuhla isikhumba, ukugaya amazinyo, kanye nokudonsa izinwele.

Futhi, uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka okuvela esilondeni, njengobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubomvu, yazisa udokotela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Ungabuza le mibuzo uma ubona udokotela:

• Ngingayimisa kanjani le `(BFRB)`?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhulume nomeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ?
• Ingabe ungincoma ukuthi ngithathe imithi?
• Ingabe ukuthatha imithi kungaba nemiphumela emibi?

Umyalezo okufanele siwuthathe kulokhu

Akekho othanda ukuzizwa engasakwazi ukulawula izenzo zakhe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani ukuyeka lezi zinto, ngezinye izikhathi kuzwakala sengathi akukho lutho olusebenzayo. Yilokho okwenzekayo kumuntu onokuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okugxile emzimbeni (BFRB).

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, akudingeki uqhubeke uhlushwa yilezi zindlela zokuziphatha. Udokotela angakusiza ukuthola ikhambi.

Abantu abaningi baphatha ngempumelelo lezi zimpawu ngokwelulekwa kanye/noma ngemithi. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi uzizwe ungcono futhi ubone imiphumela. Kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi uphathe lesi simo "(BFRB)" impilo yakho yonke. Ngakho-ke akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukucela usizo, futhi ungabi namahloni.

Ukuziphatha Okuphindaphindayo Okugxile Emzimbeni , i-BFRB, ukukha isikhumba, ukudonsa izinwele, ukuluma izinzipho, ukugaya amazinyo, impilo yengqondo, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha