Ingabe umdlavuza ungasakazeka emathanjeni akho? (Ukusabalala Kwamathambo) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngomuntu onomdlavuza owaba nobuhlungu emathanjeni kamuva noma amathambo abuthakathaka. Kungenzeka ukuthi nawe wabhekana nalokhu. Empeleni lokhu kubangelwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazeka esuka engxenyeni ethile yomzimba eya emathanjeni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukusabalala kwamathambo . Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, ungesabi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela futhi usiphathe kahle.

Kuyini i-Bone Metastasis? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, ukusabalala kwamathambo kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqale kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho (njengebele, amaphaphu, noma i-prostate) ehamba ngegazi lakho eya emathanjeni akho bese eqala ukukhula lapho. Lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zomdlavuza osabalala .

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyazi ukuthi lokhu akuyona umdlavuza wamathambo oyinhloko. Lona umdlavuza osusakazekele emathanjeni usuka kwenye indawo.

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi lalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokulawula izimpawu nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo. Esinye isici ukuthi abantu baphila isikhathi eside benomdlavuza kunanini ngaphambili, ngakho-ke ukusabalala kwamathambo kuya ngokuya kuvama. Ucwaningo olulodwa lubonise ukuthi ukusabalala kwamathambo kwanda kusuka ku-3% ngonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokutholakala komdlavuza kuya ku-8% eminyakeni eyi-10 kamuva.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Bheka ukuthi nawe unazo yini lezi

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ubuhlungu bamathambo . Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kukhona okudonswayo noma okusindayo. Ubuhlungu bungaba bubi kakhulu ebusuku, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngezinye izikhathi bungaba bukhali, buhlabe, noma bube bukhali.

Ukusabalala kwamathambo kungabangela ezinye izinkinga. Kukhona nezimpawu ezithile ezihlobene nakho:

• Ukuphuka Kwamathambo: Lesi simo senza amathambo akho abe buthaka kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ungaphula ithambo ngaphandle kokuwa okukhulu. Kungathinta noma yiliphi ithambo emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ngokuvamile kuthinta umgogodla, izimbambo, i-pelvis, i-humerus, i-femur, kanye nekhanda. Ubuhlungu lapho ithambo liphuka bubukhali kakhulu futhi bukhulu. Uma uphula ingalo noma umlenze, ngeke ukwazi ukuwushukumisa.
• I-Hypercalcemia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho eba phezulu kakhulu. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi isiyezi, ukuqunjelwa, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza.
• Ukucindezelwa Kwentambo Yomgogodla: Uma isimila sisakazekile futhi sicindezela intambo yomgogodla wakho, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu emhlane, ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho, kanye nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo. Lokhu kuyisifo esithathelwanayo.Kufanele kuphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela?

Lesi simo senzeka lapho amangqamuzana avela ezimila ezinomdlavuza ephuka, angene egazini lakho, adlule kulo, bese eya emathanjeni akho. Uma eselapho, lawo mangqamuzana omdlavuza aqala inqubo ochwepheshe abayibiza ngokuthi "umjikelezo omubi wokusabalala kwamathambo."

Ukuze uqonde lo mjikelezo, kuyasiza ukwazi okuncane ngendlela amangqamuzana akho amathambo asebenza ngayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaseli emathanjeni ethu: ama-osteoblast nama -osteoclast .

• Ama-osteoblast amaseli akha amathambo amasha.
• Ama-osteoclast amaseli ancibilikisa, aphule, futhi asuse amaseli amadala ethambo, onakele.

Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zilondoloze ibhalansi phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwamaseli amasha amathambo kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwamaseli amadala amathambo. Kodwa uma umdlavuza ungena emathanjeni, le nqubo iyaphambuka. Nakhu okwenzekayo:

• Uma ama-osteoblast enza amangqamuzana amasha amaningi ethambo, ithambo lakho lizokhula kakhulu, futhi uzoba nezindawo zokwakheka kwamathambo okungajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho angase abize lezi zindawo ngokuthi izilonda ze-osteosclerotic noma izilonda ze-osteoblastic . Lezi zindawo zingase zibukeke ziqinile ngaphandle, kodwa zibuthakathaka kakhulu, njengengqimba encane yeqhwa osebeni lomfula. Zingaphuka futhi ziqhekeke kalula.
• Uma ama-osteoclast ephula amangqamuzana ethambo ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, izinto ezikhishwa amangqamuzana ethambo lakho zingabangela imigodi emincane ethanjeni lakho. Uma uyibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope, kungabonakala sengathi othile ubhoboze imigodi ethanjeni lakho. Udokotela wakho ubiza lezi zimbobo ngokuthi izilonda ze-osteolytic . Lezi zilonda zenza amathambo akho abe buthaka futhi abe buthakathaka. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuphuka ithambo.

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlobo ezithile zamaseli ethambo nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza osakazeka kalula. Isibonelo, ama-70% kuya kuma-85% e-metastases emathanjeni avela kumdlavuza we-prostate abangelwa yi-osteogenic, okusho ukuthi abangelwa ama-osteoblast enza amathambo amaningi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ama-75% e-metastases avela kumdlavuza webele abangelwa yi-osteolytic, okusho ukuthi abangelwa ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana ethambo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ezahlukene zokuthatha izithombe ukuze axilonge lesi simo. Angase futhi enze izivivinyo zegazi noma zomchamo ukuze abheke izinto ezibonisa ukulimala kwamathambo. Izivivinyo zokuthatha izithombe zingafaka:

• Ukuskena kwamathambo
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography - i-CT scan)
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Ukufanekisa kwe-Magnetic resonance - Ukuskena kwe-MRI)
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (i-Positron emission tomography - ukuskena kwe-PET)
• I-X-ray

Lezi zivivinyo zinganquma ngokunembile isimo samathambo akho, ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazeke yini, nokuthi asakazeke kangakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi lokwelapha ukusabalala kwamathambo. Kodwa-ke, kunemithi kanye nokwelashwa okungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokulawula ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo . Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Ama-Bisphosphonates: Le mithi (isib. i-Pamidronate, i-Zoledronic acid (i-Zometa®)) iqinisa amathambo akho, inciphise inani le-calcium egazini lakho, futhi inciphise ingozi yokuba ne-hypercalcemia.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngama-hormone: Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze lokhu kwelashwa uma unezindawo ezingaphezu kweyodwa lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza esakazeka khona (ama-metastases) emathanjeni akho.
• Ukwelashwa ngama-antibody e-Monoclonal: Imithi efana ne-Denosumab (Prolia® noma i-Xgeva®) inikezwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Uma unesifo somdlavuza kwelinye lamathambo akho, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungase kunikezwe ukwelapha lobo buhlungu. Kungasiza futhi ngobuhlungu obubangelwa ukucindezelwa komgogodla. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi yokwelapha i-corticosteroids kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe.
• I-Kyphoplasty: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ukuphuka kokucindezeleka komgogodla.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuqiniswe amathambo abuthakathaka noma kususwe isimila esinomdlavuza.

Khumbula, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe, ngakho khuluma naye ngalokhu ngokucophelela.

Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?

Uma ukusabalala kwamathambo kungelashwa, izinkinga ezifana ne-hypercalcemia zingavela. Uma kungelashwa, lokhu kungaholela ekukhubazekeni. Futhi, ungase ungakwazi ukuhamba noma ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngenxa yokuphuka kwamathambo. Ubuhlungu obukhulu bamathambo bunganciphisa ikhono lakho lokujabulela impilo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukucindezelwa komgogodla kungaholela ekukhubazekeni uma kungelashwa. Ngakho-ke, ungazinaki izimpawu.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-metastasis yethambo?

Uma une-metastasis yamathambo, kusho ukuthi umdlavuza ovela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho ususakazekele emathanjeni akho. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso somdlavuza osuthuthukile . Kulesi simo, uzodinga ukwelashwa kanye nokusekelwa kokubili umdlavuza oyinhloko kanye ne-metastasis yamathambo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi, ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha, nokuhlala unethemba.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani nalesi simo?

Kunzima ukunikeza impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Ngoba kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Lesi sikhathi singahluka, ngokuvamile sisukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni engaphezu kwemine. Izici eziyinhloko ezisithintayo yilezi:

• Uhlobo lomdlavuza: Ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa, isikhathi sokusinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu osusakazekele emathanjeni cishe siyizinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa, kanti isikhathi sokusinda komdlavuza wendlala yesibeletho osusakazekele emathanjeni singaba yizinyanga ezingaba ngu-53.
• Isigaba somdlavuza: Abantu abanomdlavuza otholakala esigabeni sokuqala (Isigaba sokuqala) banamathuba amancane okuthola i-metastases yamathambo kunalabo abatholakala esigabeni sesi-4 (Isigaba sesi-4). Isibonelo, abacwaningi abalandelela izinga le-metastases yamathambo eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemva kokutholwa komdlavuza bathole ukuthi u-3% wabantu abanesigaba sokuqala bathola lesi simo, kuyilapho u-28% wabantu abanesigaba sesi-4 basithola.

Benginomdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala, owawusuzophela. Kungani umdlavuza wami wasakazeka?

Ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangemva kokuba umdlavuza usulashwe futhi usuphelile , umdlavuza osakazeka kalula, owaziwa nangokuthi i-bone metastasis, ungavela. "Ukuxolelwa" kusho ukuthi awunazo izimpawu futhi azikho izimpawu zomdlavuza ezingatholakala ezivivinyweni. Uma une-bone metastases, udokotela wakho angase futhi abize lesi simo ngokuthi umdlavuza ophindaphindayo . Umdlavuza ophindaphindayo yilapho umdlavuza ubuya khona ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ukwanda kwamathambo kungathinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Ukuphila nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nomuzwa wokuthi umdlavuza uyasakazeka akulula. Kodwa nansi eminye imibono engakusiza:

• Yidla kahle: Izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuqhuma kwamathambo zingathinta isifiso sakho sokudla. Khuluma nochwepheshe wezokudla ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokudla olunempilo oluzokusebenzela.
• Cabanga ngezinhlelo zokusinda kumdlavuza: Ubulokhu usindile kumdlavuza kusukela ngosuku owatholakala ngalo. Manje njengoba usubhekene nokukhula kwamathambo, nawe uyafana. Kungase kube nezinhlelo namaqembu okusekelana asiza abantu abasesimweni esifanayo nesakho.
• Buza ngokunakekelwa kobuhlungu:Ngokuvamile, uphawu lokuqala lwe-metastases emathanjeni ubuhlungu bamathambo. Lobu buhlungu bungaba bukhulu futhi buthinte ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kufaka phakathi imithi yobuhlungu kanye nokwesekwa kokuphathwa kobuhlungu. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kuhlanganisa nokwelulekwa kwengqondo ukukusiza ubhekane nezinselele ezingokomzwelo ezihambisana nokuba nomdlavuza obulalayo.
• Bheka izivivinyo zemitholampilo: Abacwaningi bafuna izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ukusabalala kwamathambo okuvela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomdlavuza. Buza udokotela wakho ngezivivinyo zemitholampilo ezingase zikulungele.

Ingabe kufanele ngicabangele ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice?

Kuya ngesimo sakho. Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi umdlavuza wakho cishe ngeke welapheke ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo, nokuthi unezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphansi zokuphila uma ukwelashwa kuyekwa, angase akuncome ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice . Ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice kugxile ekukhululekeni kwakho ngokomzimba, ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini, kanye nokulawula ezinye izimpawu.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma izimpawu zakho zokwanda kwamathambo ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu, isibonelo, uma unobuhlungu ongakwazi ukubulawula ngisho nangemithi oyinikezwe udokotela, bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Khumbula, akudingeki uphile nobuhlungu obukhulu bokwanda kwamathambo. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingeke zithinte ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho, okuhlanganisa nekhono lakho lokuba nabathandekayo bakho.

Kufanele ngiye nini eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo?

Uma unezimpawu zokucindezelwa komgogodla, kufanele ushayele u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Uma imilenze yakho, amathe ezinyawo zakho, noma isisu sakho esingezansi sizizwa singasasebenzi noma singasasebenzi.
• Uma unenkinga yokunyakaza imilenze yakho.
• Uma ungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama kwakho noma ukuphuma kwakho endlini yangasese.
• Uma ungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama.

Uma kungelashwa, ukucindezelwa komgogodla kungaholela ekukhubazekeni, ngakho-ke qaphela lezi zimpawu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ukuthola ukuthi une-metastasis yamathambo, uma usuvele ubhekene nomdlavuza, kungathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Yimaphi amathambo ami agcwele amangqamuzana omdlavuza manje?
• Ukuba nomdlavuza wamathambo kuthinta kanjani ukubikezela kwami ​​​​konke?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa noma inhlanganisela yokwelashwa engangisiza?
• Ingabe ukwelashwa kungavimba ukusabalala kwamathambo kwamanye amathambo?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu bethambo lami?
• Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuphuka kwamathambo?

Uyini umehluko phakathi komdlavuza wethambo kanye ne-bone metastasis?

Lokhu kuyinto edida abantu abaningi.

• Umdlavuza wamathambo uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emathanjeni akho, njenge- osteosarcoma noma i-Ewing sarcoma .
• Ukusabalala kwamathambo kwenzeka lapho umdlavuza owaqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho usakazekela emathanjeni akho kamuva.

Ukusabalala kwamathambo kuwuphawu lomdlavuza osabalele. Ungase utshelwe ukuthi une-metastasis yamathambo, okokuqala lapho wazi ukuthi umdlavuza wakho usakazeke kusukela lapho waqala khona. Izindaba zingaba zinkulu futhi zicindezele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwazi ukuthi ukusabalala kwamathambo kubangela ubuhlungu obungapheli futhi kuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho kungaba yinto ekhathazayo nakakhulu. Ungase ukhathazeke futhi wesabe ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokulandelayo. Kodwa khumbula, odokotela bakho bakhona ukuze bakulalele futhi baqonde ukukhathazeka kwakho. Bangakusiza ngakho konke kusukela ekuphatheni ubuhlungu bakho kuya ekuchazeni ukuthi yini ongayilindela uma umdlavuza wakho usakazeka.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Nakuba ukusabalala kwamathambo kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, kunezindlela zokusilawula.

• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi bese ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha zokulawula ubuhlungu nokugcina impilo isezingeni elihle.
• Awuwedwa. Unemindeni, abangani, odokotela kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo abazokusiza.
• Ukuhlala unethemba futhi uqinile engqondweni kubaluleke kakhulu kulolu hambo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela konke.

Umdlavuza , ukusabalala kwamathambo, ubuhlungu bamathambo, ukusabalala komdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukwanda kwe-calcium, ukucindezelwa komgogodla