⚡ Interactive Clinical Tool
Renal function (eGFR)
Measure kidney function based on creatinine value
Kwenzekani ngempela kulezi zinso?
Cabanga ngezinso zakho njengezihlungi ezimbili ezinamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Zitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomgogodla wakho, ngaphezu nje kwesinqe sakho. Azizona izihlungi nje kuphela, zenza okungaphezu kwalokho. Kalula nje, lezi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezenziwa yizinso ezinempilo.| Umsebenzi wezinso | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlanzwa kwegazi | Imfucuza ) eqongelela egazini ngenxa yokudla esikudlayo, imithi, kanye nezinqubo zomzimba iyahlungwa futhi ikhishwe njengomchamo. |
| Ukulinganisela amanzi namaminerali | Igcina inani lamanzi elidingekayo emzimbeni futhi igcina umzimba ulinganisela ngokukhipha amanzi namaminerali angaphezulu njenge-sodium ne-potassium. |
| Ukulawulwa Komfutho Wegazi | Ikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin, esiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi. |
| Ukusiza ekwakheni amangqamuzana egazi abomvu | Ikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-erythropoietin, esiza ekwakheni igazi futhi ivimbele i-anemia. |
| Ukusebenza kwe-Vitamin D | I-Vitamin D, ebalulekile ekuqiniseni amathambo, ivuselelwa yizinso ukuze isetshenziswe ngumzimba. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo sezinso?
Isifo sezinso singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esinye isifo esikhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti esinye isimo esenzeka ngokuzumayo.Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. I-CKD yisimo lapho izinso zingakwazi ukuhlunga igazi kahle isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Ayiveli ngokuzumayo. Ivela kancane kancane, eminyakeni eminingi. Into eyingozi kakhulu ukuthi azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Yingakho abantu abaningi bengazi ukuthi banalesi sifo. Isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yizimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-CKD. Nakuba ukwelashwa kungeke kuphulukise ngokuphelele lesi sifo, kungalawula ukuwohloka kwaso.Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo sezinso
Ngaphezu kwe-CKD, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningana zesifo sezinso.- Isifo Sezinso Esibizwa Nge-Polycystic : Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo. Ama-cysts, agcwele uketshezi, akheka ezinso . Lokhu kunciphisa ukusebenza kwezinso.
- I-Glomerulonephritis: Ukulimala kwamayunithi amancane okuhlunga igazi (i-glomeruli) ngaphakathi kwezinso. Lesi simo singase senzeke nangemva kokutheleleka komphimbo (ukutheleleka kwe-strep).
- I-Lupus Nephritis: I - Lupus isifo esihlasela amangqamuzana omzimba aphilile. Lesi simo senzeka lapho izinso zihlaselwa.
- I-Pyelonephritis : Lokhu ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo okuthinta izinso. Uma lokhu kutheleleka kwenzeka njalo, kungabangela umonakalo ongapheli ezinso.
Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo sezinso?
Kunezimbangela ezahlukene zesifo sezinso. Ake sibheke ngasinye sazo ngokwehlukana.Izimbangela Zokulimala Kwezinso Okubukhali
Yilapho izinso zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwazo ngokuzumayo zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kungabangelwa yilokhu:- Ukopha ngokweqile ngenxa yengozi enkulu.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu.
- I-Sepsis (ukushaqeka) okubangelwa ukutheleleka okukhulu.
- Eminye imithi, njengemithi yokubulala izinhlungu , imithi elwa namagciwane , kanye nobuthi.
- Ukuvaleka kwe-urethra ngenxa yamatshe omchamo noma ukwanda kwendlala ye-prostate kwabesilisa.
Izimbangela Zesifo Sezinso Esingapheli
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izinso ziba buthaka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yilezi:- Isifo Sikashukela: Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angalawulwa eminyakeni eminingi alimaza izinso ngokuqondile.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Uma umfutho wegazi ungalawulwa isikhathi eside, ulimaza imithambo yegazi ethambile ehambisa igazi ezinso.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi yobuhlungu: Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwemithi yobuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID (isib., i-Ibuprofen, i-Naproxen), ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela kuyingozi kakhulu ezinso.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nesifo sezinso, nawe ungase ube sengozini.
Utshwala nezinso: Khumbula, utshwala buphinde bubeke ingcindezi eyengeziwe ezinso. Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso ngokuzumayo, futhi ukuphuza utshwala isikhathi eside kwandisa ingozi yokuthola isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD).
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Esifweni sezinso esingamahlalakhona, kungase kungabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo kuze kube yilapho u-70%-80% wezinso onakele. Yingakho lesi sifo sibizwa nangokuthi "umbulali othule." Uma lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:- Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izinyawo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubuso.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungenampilo.
- Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza njalo.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni.
- Isikhumba esilumayo.
- Ukungalali kahle noma ubunzima bokulala.
- Ushintsho ekuvameni kokuchama (ukwanda noma ukwehla).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ubunzima bokulawula umfutho wegazi.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando womndeni wakho, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, okufana nalokhu:- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ikakhulukazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-Serum Creatinine kulinganisa inani lemfucuza egazini futhi kubala ukusebenza kwezinso (eGFR).
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo:Umchamo uyahlolwa ukuthi awunayo yini iphrotheni noma izinhlayiya zegazi. Izinso eziphilile azikhiphi iphrotheni.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Lokhu kungahlola usayizi, ukuma kwezinso, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amatshe omchamo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso: Kwezinye izimo, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile yesifo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (i-CKD) asikwazi ukwelapheka. Kodwa-ke, uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungamisa noma kunciphise kakhulu umonakalo wezinso owengeziwe. Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelashwa yile: 1. Ukulawula imbangela yesifo (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme). 2. Ukulawula izimpawu. 3. Ukuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe wezinso.Imithi
Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne -ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Le mithi ayigcini nje ngokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, kodwa futhi isiza ukuvikela izinso zakho ngokunciphisa inani lamaprotheni owadlulayo emchameni wakho. Angase akunike nemithi yokulawula ushukela wegazi lakho, ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yakho, kanye nokwelapha i-anemia.Okubaluleke kakhulu: Umuntu onesifo sezinso akufanele nanini aphuze noma yimiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu, ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.
Ukudla
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Iziguli zezinso zidinga ukudla okukhethekile. Ngokuvamile, kufanele unciphise ukudla okunosawoti omningi (i-sodium), i-potassium, ne-phosphorus. Kungase kudingeke futhi unciphise ukudla kwakho kwamaprotheni namanzi. Uchwepheshe wezokudla angakunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu ngalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kwesinye.I-Dialysis
Uma ukusebenza kwezinso sekwehle kakhulu futhi zifinyelela esigabeni sokugcina sesifo sezinso (ESRD), umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe yizinso, okuwukuhlanza igazi, kufanele wenziwe ngosizo lomshini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-dialysis .- I-Hemodialysis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuxhuma umzimba wakho nomshini ohlunga igazi lakho bese ulibuyisela emzimbeni wakho. Kuzodingeka uye esibhedlela noma esikhungweni se-dialysis izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngesonto ukuze wenze lokhu.
- I-Peritoneal Dialysis: Lena indlela engenziwa ekhaya. Uketshezi olukhethekile lufakwa ngepayipi elifakwa emgodini wesisu, bese uketshezi lusetshenziselwa ukumunca imfucuza egazini.
Ukufakelwa Kwezinso
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesifo sezinso esigabeni sokugcina ukufakelwa izinso okunempilo. Lokhu kungenziwa kumuntu ophilayo (ilungu lomndeni noma omunye umuntu) noma kumuntu oshonile. Ngemva kokufakelwa ngempumelelo, uzokwazi ukuphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokuhlanza igazi.Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) yisifo "esingabonakali" esivame ukungabi nazimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala.
- Izimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo sezinso eSri Lanka isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme . Uma unalezi zimo, nakekela izinso zakho ngokukhethekile.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasengozini (labo abanesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma umlando womndeni) ukuthi bahlolwe igazi nomchamo okungenani kanye ngonyaka futhi baxhumane nodokotela ngesimo sezinso zabo.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kweqakala, ukukhathala okukhulu, noma ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma unesifo sezinso, ungasebenzisi noma yiziphi iziqeda-zinhlungu, izithasiselo, noma amakhambi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
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