Uyasazi isifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Botulism? Ake sixoxe ngaso!

Wake wezwa ngalesi sifo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-botulism? Lesi yisifo esiyingozi kakhulu . Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngaso ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini lokhu ku-botulism?

Kalula nje, i-botulism isifo esibi esibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Clostridium botulinum. Leli bhaktheriya likhiqiza ubuthi obuyingozi kakhulu, noma ubuthi . Lobu buthi buhlasela isimiso sezinzwa somzimba wethu . Uma bungelashwa kahle, lesi simo singaba yingozi.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-botulism ayivamile. Kodwa-ke, ingaba yingozi, ngakho-ke uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho encane inezimpawu ze-botulism, kufanele uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha . Izimpawu zingafaka phakathi ukugoba kwamehlo nezinye izimpawu ezithinta imisipha yobuso, amehlo, nomphimbo. Ekugcineni, ingathinta nemisipha ehilelekile ekuphefumuleni.

Kwenzekani uma i-Clostridium botulinum ingena emzimbeni?

Cabanga ukuthi ubuthi obukhiqizwa yileli gciwane, iClostridium botulinum, buhlasela isimiso sethu sezinzwa. Okwenzekayo ukuthi imisipha yethu, imisipha esishukumisayo, esikhulumayo, nesigwinyayo , iba buthakathaka futhi ingasebenzi (ikhubazeke) . Uma lobu buthi buhlasela imizwa elawula ukuphefumula kwethu, bungaba yingozi empilweni.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-botulism. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-foodborne botulism, i-infant botulism, kanye ne-wound botulism. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo ezingavamile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-iatrogenic botulism kanye ne-adult intestinal toxemia botulism.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-botulism?

Manje ake sibheke lezi zinhlobo ze-botulism ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

I-botulism ebangelwa ukudla

Lokhu kwenzeka uma udla ukudla okungcoliswe yizinhlayiya zebhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum. Uma ukudla kungagcinwanga kahle, la mabhaktheriya aqala ukukhula. Njengoba amagciwane ekhula, anezela ubuthi ekudleni.

I-botulism etholakala ekudleni ivame ukubangelwa ukudla okusemathinini okungalungiswanga kahle noma okugcinwe ekhaya, okufana nama-pickle kanye ne-moju . Nakuba ukudla okusemathinini okungavamile, okuthengwe esitolo nakho kungabangela i-botulism uma kungalungiswanga kahle. Eminye imithombo yokudla ihlanganisa:

• Amafutha ezitshalo.
• Amazambane abhakiwe asongwe nge-aluminium foil.
• Amasosi kashizi asemathinini.
• Igalikhi ebhodleleni.
• Utamatisi osemathinini.
• Ijusi likakaroti.
• Ukudla okugcinwe kufudumele noma ukudla okushiywe ngaphandle isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokufakwa esiqandisini. Cabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ushiya izinto ezifana ne-rice pudding nemifino oyenzile ekuseni kuze kube sebusuku.

I-botulism yezinsana

Izingane zingaba ne-botulism uma zidla izinhlayiya zebhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum. Uma lezi zinhlayiya zingena emathunjini omntwana, ziyakhula futhi zikhiphe ubuthi. Akucaci ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi lezi zinhlayiya zivelaphi. Kodwa-ke, zivame ukutholakala enhlabathini nasothulini. Uma lezi zinhlayiya zisemoyeni, ingane ingazithola iphefumulela kuzo.

Lezi zinhlamvu zingatholakala nakuju . Izingane nabantu abadala abaphilile ababi ne-botulism uma bedla lezi zinhlamvu ze-botulinum. Kodwa-ke, ngesizathu esithile, lobu buthi bukhiqizwa emizimbeni yezingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala . Yingakho ochwepheshe bethi uju akufanele lunikezwe izingane zize zibe nonyaka okungenani owodwa ubudala. Lokhu kuyinto abazali abaningi okudingeka bayikhumbule.

I-botulism yamanxeba

I-botulism yesilonda ingenzeka uma izinhlayiya ze-Clostridium botulinum zingena enxebeni. Uma lezi zinhlayiya zingena enxebeni, ziyakhula futhi zikhiphe ubuthi egazini lethu.

Lolu hlobo lwe-botulism luvame ukubonakala kubantu abafaka izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni ngemithambo yegazi . Akuvamile ukuthi lesi simo sivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala okukhulu.

I-botulism ye-Iatrogenic

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Lesi simo singavela uma uthatha i-Botox® eningi kakhulu, uhlobo lwe-botulinum toxin olujovwayo. I-Botox® iyi-toxin ehlanziwe futhi exutshwe kakhulu evela kubhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum. Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-Botox® ngezinjongo zobuhle, njengokunciphisa imibimbi. Noma bayisebenzisela izizathu zezokwelapha, njenge-migraines.

I-Botox® cishe ayinakubanga i-botulism. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola umjovo we-botulinum toxin, kufanele wenziwe kuphela nguchwepheshe wezokwelapha onelayisensi owaziyo ukuthi angawusebenzisa kanjani ngokuphephile nangesilinganiso esifanele.

I-botulism ye-toxemia yamathumbu abantu abadala

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukwakheka kwamathumbu abantu abadala. Lolu futhi uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwe-botulism. Kungenzeka uma ama-spores e-Clostridium botulinum engena emathunjini akho. Ama-spores ayakhula futhi akhiqize ubuthi, njengasezinganeni. Uma unesifo esibucayi esithinta uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthole lolu hlobo lwe-botulism.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

I-Botulism iyisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Isibonelo, ngo-2018, i-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ibike amacala angu-242 kuphela aqinisekisiwe e-botulism. Kulawa, iningi lawo kwakuyi-botulism yezinsana. Kunzima ukuthola izibalo ngalokhu eSri Lanka, kodwa kusobala ukuthi akuvamile emhlabeni jikelele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-botulism?

Manje ake sibheke izimpawu zalesi sifo. Singathinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala ngendlela ehlukile.

Izimpawu ezinganeni

Izimpawu ze-botulism yezingane zingasukela kwezincane kuya kwezinzima kakhulu. Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingama-30 ngemuva kokuchayeka kuma-spores e-Clostridium botulinum. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ijwabu eligobile `(i-ptosis)` .
• Ukwehla kokubukeka kobuso.
• Ukuvuza amathe.
• Ukukhala okubuthakathaka .
• Ukunciphisa noma ukuphuza kancane ubisi noma ukudla.
• Ukuncipha kwe-gag reflex.
• Ukuqunjelwa .
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukudinwa.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Uma ungumama onengane encane, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu. Uma ingane yakho ibonakala ibuthakathaka kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, ingafuni ukuncelisa, noma ikhala kancane, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Izimpawu kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane

Izimpawu ze-botulism ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala zivame ukuqala emisipheni yobuso, amehlo, nomphimbo . Uma zingelashwa, izimpawu zingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli amahora kuya ezinsukwini ngemva kokugwinya ama-spores e-botulinum. Lezi yizimpawu:

• Ijwabu eligobile `(i-ptosis)` .
• Ukubona kabili noma ukubona okufiphele.
• Umlomo owomile (xerostomia)
• Indaba iyadida.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia) .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukungakhululeki ezithweni.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza (okuvamile kwi-botulism etholakala ekudleni).

Yini ebangela i-botulism?

I-Botulism ibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Clostridium botulinum. Ngezinye izikhathi, ingabangelwa namabhaktheriya abizwa ngokuthi i-Clostridium butyricum noma i-Clostridium baratii. Ungase ungaguli uma uhlangana naleli bhaktheriya noma ama-spores alo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile , la ma-spores aqala ukukhula.

Lawa magciwane akhula akhipha ubuthi. Lapho ubuthi bukhishwa, bungena ngokushesha egazini bese bunamathela ezinzwa zethu. I-Botulism yenzeka lapho leyo mizwa iyeka ukusebenza. Izimo ezisiza ama-spores ukuba akhule futhi azalane yilezi:

• Indawo enomphunga omncane noma engenawo nhlobo umoya-mpilo (isb. ngaphakathi kokudla okusemathinini)
• Ukwehla kwe-asidi, ushukela, noma usawoti.
• Izinga lokushisa lokupheka liphansi kakhulu. (Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namazinga okushisa abilayo awabulali ama-spores.)
• Ukuba nenani elithile lamanzi.
• Izinga lokushisa lokugcina lishisa kakhulu.

Ikuphi i-Clostridium botulinum evame kakhulu?

Ama-spores ebhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum avame kakhulu enhlabathini, kodwa awavamile ukubangela izifo. Ngezinye izikhathi angatholakala emifinweni ekheniwe, enhlanzini, noma enyameni. Ukudla okukheniwe ekhaya kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kungcoliswe yileli bhaktheriya kunokudla okuthengwa esitolo. Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala zingathola ubuthi be-Clostridium botulinum obuvela kuju.

I-botulism itholakala kanjani?

Ukuze ahlole i-botulism, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi ahlole noma yimiphi imisipha ebuthakathaka noma engasebenzi kahle.

Izimpawu ze-botulism zingafana nezezinye izifo, njenge -stroke, i-meningitis, kanye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome . Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho kungadingeka enze izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuqinisekisa i-botulism.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi une-botulism, udokotela wakho angenza isivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi igazi lakho, indle, noma ukuhlanza kuqukethe yini ubuthi. Amasampula okudla okusolwayo nawo angahlolwa ubuthi.

Ezinye izivivinyo udokotela angazisebenzisa yilezi:

• Ukuskena kobuchopho.
• Ukuhlolwa koketshezi lomgogodla.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwemizwa nemisipha (isib. i-electromyography) .

Kungathatha izinsuku eziningana ukuthi imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ibuye, ngakho-ke uma kusolwa ukuthi i-botulism ibangelwa yi-botulism, udokotela angaqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha .

Iphathwa kanjani i-botulism?

Kuye ngembangela ye-botulism kanye nobunzima besimo, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene. Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho akunike umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-antitoxin . I-antitoxin isebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo se-toxin egazini lakho. Lokhu kuvimbela ubuthi ekudaleni umonakalo owengeziwe. Kodwa-ke,I-Antitoxin ayikwazi ukulungisa umonakalo osuvele wenziwe. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela amasonto noma izinyanga ukuze ululame.

Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angakufaka kumshini wokuphefumula . Lo mshini uyakusiza ukuphefumula. Kuzodingeka uhlale kulo mshini kuze kube yilapho ukungasebenzi kahle okuthinta ukuphefumula kwakho kuphelile.

Uma une-wold botulism, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ukuze kususwe ingxenye yenxeba ethelelekile. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uthathe ama-antibiotic ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka ukuthi kungabuyi.

Ingabe i-botulism ingalapheka ngokuphelele?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokwelapha i-botulism ngokuphelele, kodwa umonakalo omncane wemizwa ungelashwa. Ama-antitoxin angavimba ubuthi ukuthi bungabangeli umonakalo owengeziwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ukwelashwa kunikezwa ngokushesha, lesi simo singavinjelwa ekubeni sibi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-botulism?

I-Botulism ingabangela ukukhubazeka kwemisipha ekusiza ukugwinya nokuphefumula. Nakuba i-antitoxin isiza ezimweni eziningi, abanye abantu bangafa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nokutheleleka . Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-botulism ingabangela izinkinga zempilo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu .
• Ubuthakathaka obuqhubekayo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) .
• I-pneumonia yokuphefumula kanye nokutheleleka okubangelwa yinto ebhajwa emphinjeni.
• Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kuye ngokuthi isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani, ukululama ekuguleni kwe-botulism kungathatha amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka . Iningi labantu abathola ukwelashwa okusheshayo balulama ngokugcwele esikhathini esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili .

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-botulism?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze uzivikele ezinhlotsheni ezivame kakhulu ze-botulism.

Ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni yi-botulism ebangelwa ukudla

• Faka ukudla efrijini zingakapheli amahora amabili kusukela kuphekiwe. Ukufaka efrijini kuvimbela ukwakheka kwezinhlamvu zamagciwane.
• Pheka ukudla kahle.
• Ungasebenzisi ukudla okusemathinini okubonakala konakele noma okuvuvukele (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zegesi ekhiqizwa amagciwane).
• Hlanza ukudla okusemathinini ekhaya ngokukubilisa esitofini sokushisa esinomfutho ku-121 degrees Celsius (250 Fahrenheit) imizuzu engama-30 .
• Lahla ukudla okunongiwe okunuka kabi .

Ukuvikelwa kwe-botulism yezingane

• Ungaziniki izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa uju. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyikhumbule nakanjani.
• Uma kuvela i-botulism , ncelisa ingane yakho ukuze uvimbele lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.

Ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni yi-wound botulism

• Ungajovi izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni.
• Uma inxeba liba bomvu, libuhlungu, livuvukele, noma linezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengobomvu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Hlanza kahle amanxeba angcoliswe inhlabathi nothuli.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-botulism ehlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo

• Uma uthola imijovo efana neBotox®, yithole kuphela kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha onelayisensi .

Kwenzekani uma uthola i-botulism? (Outlook)

I-Botulism yisifo esingabulala uma singelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi, abantu abaningi bangalulama ngokuphelele kulesi sifo futhi baqhubeke nokusebenza ngendlela evamile impilo yabo yonke.

I-Botulism yisifo esibi kakhulu esihlasela isimiso sezinzwa somzimba wakho, okubangela ubuthakathaka kanye nokukhubazeka kwemisipha. Ubuthi be-botulism abuvamile, kodwa bungabulala uma bungelashwa. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-botulism, hambani niye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha. Ngosizo lwezokwelapha olusheshayo, i-botulism ingelashwa.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, manje usuyazi okuningi nge-botulism. Nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Botulism yisifo esiyingozi esibangelwa ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum.
• Kungasakazeka ngokudla, amanxeba, futhi akuvamile ngokwelashwa .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunganiki izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa uju .
• Lokhu kungagwenywa kakhulu ngokunakekela ukuphepha kokudla (ukupheka kahle, ukugcina kahle).
• Uma ubona izimpawu , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa impilo.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Botulism, i-Clostridium botulinum, ubuthi bokudla, impilo yengane, izifo zezinzwa, ubuthi, ukuphepha kokudla