Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokukhuluma? Ingabe amazwi akho ayabambeka? Lokhu kungaba yi-Broca's Aphasia!

Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake waba nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuba nombono ocacile walokho ofuna ukukusho, kodwa uma uzama ukukubeka ngamazwi, uzizwa sengathi ubambekile, noma ukuthi ungasho amagama amabili noma amathathu kuphela? Mhlawumbe unenkinga yokwakha umusho ophelele, noma unenkinga yokusho lokho ofuna ukukusho. Uma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele isimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Broca's Aphasia .

Iyini i-Broca's Aphasia?

Kalula nje, i-Broca's Aphasia iyinkinga ekuvezeni ulimi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awunankinga nokuqonda , kodwa ikhono lakho lokukhuluma (ukushelela), nokuhlanganisa amagama ukuze akhe imisho, liyathinteka. Ngokukhethekile, ungase ube nobunzima bokwakha imisho emide kunamagama amane, ukuthola amagama afanele umusho, noma ukwenza imisindo efanele yokuphimisela igama ngalinye. Ezimweni eziningi, ukufunda kungaba lula kunokubhala.

Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi i-expressive aphasia . Lolu uhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-aphasia engakhulumi kahle. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho. Izimbangela eziyinhloko kungaba yisifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda (i-Traumatic Brain Injury - TBI) .

Cabangela izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ngisho noma ufuna ukuthi "Ngifuna ingilazi yamanzi," kufundeka into efana nokuthi "Ngidinga amanzi manje."
• Ngisho noma ufuna ukuthi "Ngiya esitolo ukuyothenga ubisi," kufundeka njengomusho omfushane onjengokuthi "Ngithenga ubisi esitolo."
• Ngisho noma uzama ukuthi "Kunezinja ezimbili epaki," kungase kuzwakale sengathi "Ipaki yezinja zezinja."

Uma uzwa izinto ezinjengalezi, cishe uyakuqonda ukungakhululeki, akunjalo?

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu ze-Broca's aphasia zithinta kakhulu ikhono lakho lokukhulumisana. Uyazi ukuthi ufuna ukusho ini, kodwa awukwazi ukukusho. Ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Kunzima ukwakha imisho.
• Esikhundleni sokusho umusho ogcwele , basebenzisa amagama ambalwa kuphela.
• Ngokuvamile, uma kusetshenziswa amabizo kuphela, izihlanganisi (isib., kanye, noma, kodwa) ziyashiywa.
• Kunzima ukuphinda imishwana nemisho eshiwo.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-Broca's Aphasia ayithinti ubuhlakani bakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nobunzima bokuqonda imisho emide neyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Uyaqonda ukuthi kudinga umzamo omkhulu kanye nomsebenzi onzima ukwakha amagama nemisho.Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi simo singaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yengqondo kanye nekhono lakho lokuxhumana nabanye. Okulandelayo yizimpawu ezivamile ze-Broca's Aphasia:

• Ukukhungatheka
• Ukuzihlukanisa
• Ukucindezeleka

Kuye ngembangela yezimpawu ze-aphasia kanye nendawo yobuchopho eyonakele, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu ngaphezu kobunzima bokukhuluma. Isibonelo, ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, ukukhubazeka kuvamile. Ukulimala kwesifo sohlangothi kungathinta nemisipha elawula izingalo nemilenze, okubangela ubuthakathaka obuhlala njalo.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Broca's Aphasia?

Lolu hlobo lwe-aphasia lubangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye yobuchopho bakho ebizwa ngokuthi indawo kaBroca . Indawo kaBroca itholakala engxenyeni engaphambili yobuchopho bakho, ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwekhanda lakho, eduze kwendlebe yakho. Le ngxenye yobuchopho bakho ilawula inkulumo kanye nokuxhumana.

Imbangela eyinhloko yokulimala kwale ngxenye yobuchopho yi-ischemic stroke, ebangelwa ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi.

Ezinye izizathu zingaba:

• Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda (Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu - i-TBI) .
• Izimila zobuchopho .
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho .
• Izimo zokuwohloka kwemizwa, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's, yizimo lapho isimiso sezinzwa siwohloka kancane kancane.

Ungasibona kanjani lesi simo?

Udokotela uxilonga lesi simo ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba , ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa , ukuhlolwa kolimi, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzophinde abukeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bangase bakuthumele kudokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma (SLP) ukuze ahlole amakhono akho olimi. Udokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma uzohlola:

• Ukuqamba izinto ngamagama
• Ukuphindaphinda kwemisho
• Ukulandela imiyalelo
• Ukufunda
• Ukubhala

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okungathola umonakalo wobuchopho kungaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Ukuskena kwe-CT (Computed Tomography)
• Isikeni se-PET (Positron Emission Tomography)

Njengoba ukucindezeleka kuvame ukubonakala nge-aphasia, ungathunyelwa kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo .

Iphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Broca's Aphasia kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezimpawu onazo.

Okokuqala, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukwelashwa kokukhuluma . Isazi sezifo zokukhuluma nolimi (i-SLP) singakusiza ukuthola izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuxhumana. Unganikwa ibhodi lesithombe ukuze likubonise lokho okudingeka ukusho. Noma, udokotela wakho angase akufundise indlela ebizwa ngokuthi 'ithoni ye-melodic.' Lokhu kuhilela ukuzijwayeza ukusebenzisa amathoni omculo (njengokucula) ukuze uveze amagama noma imishwana kalula kunalokho obungakusho ngokujwayelekile.

Odokotela okwamanje bacwaninga ngemithi emisha kanye nokwelashwa kwe-aphasia ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zemitholampilo . Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kubantu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukukhuthazwa kwe-transcranial kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi.

Uma unezinkinga zempilo yengqondo kanye ne-aphasia yakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome nokwelashwa kwezimo ezinjengokucindezeleka.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenzisana eduze nabanakekeli bakho kanye nabathandekayo bakho ukuze wonke umuntu akwazi ukuxhumana kahle. Lokhu kungathuthukisa imiphumela yakho yokululama kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.

Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka ngokuphelele?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, okwamanje alikho ikhambi eliqinisekile le-Broca's Aphasia. Abacwaningi benza izivivinyo zemitholampilo ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha.

Kodwa-ke, ikhono lakho lokululama liyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu bomonakalo owenzeka esikhungweni sokucubungula ulimi ebuchosheni. Amanye amacala angase abe okwesikhashana, futhi kwezinye izimo ungase ululame ngokugcwele. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukuphathwa impilo yonke kungadingeka ukuze kukusize ukhulume. Intuthuko ethile emakhonweni olimi ingabonakala zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kungasiza ekugcineni noma ukwandisa lokhu kuthuthukiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ingabe i-Broca's Aphasia ingavinjelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela zonke izimo zalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho okubangela i-aphasia:

• Phatha noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo ongase ube nazo.
• Landela uhlelo lokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca olukufanele.
• Zivikele ekulimaleni (isibonelo, ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo yokuthintana).

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza izincomo ezengeziwe eziqondene nezidingo zakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho enezimpawu ze-aphasia, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala ekhanda, khuluma nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma usuvele unesifo se-aphasia noma isifo sezinzwa futhi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu, yazisa nodokotela wakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Yini ebangela izimpawu zami?
• Kukangaki ngidinga ukuya ekwelashweni kwenkulumo?
• Ingabe ngiyafaneleka ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhulume nomeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ?

Okokugcina, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula lezi zinto!

Uma une-Broca's aphasia, ungase ufune ukukhuluma, kodwa amagama angase angaphumi kalula. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kukhona udonga oluzungeze isikhungo sokucubungula ulimi lobuchopho bakho. Kungaba umzamo omkhulu wengqondo ukuhlanganisa umusho. Lokhu kungaholela empilweni yengqondo ebuthakathaka kanye nokuhoxa emphakathini.

Kodwa akudingeki ubhekane nalesi simo se-aphasia wedwa.

Udokotela angakusiza. Ungase ukwazi ukufunda izindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma, njengokusebenzisa ibhodi lezithombe noma ukukhuluma ngomculo. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ukhulume ngezidingo zakho kanye nezifiso zakho ngempumelelo enkulu. Ukuzijwayeza lezi zindlela ezintsha kuzozuzisa kakhulu izinga lakho lempilo kanye nobudlelwano bakho nabantu. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi udikibale, futhi uthole usizo oludingayo.

I- Broca's aphasia, izinkinga zokukhuluma, izinkinga zobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, ubunzima bokuxhumana, ukuvuselelwa