Ingabe abanye abakuqondi lokho okushoyo? Noma awukuqondi lokho abanye abakushoyo? Kungaba yi-Wernicke's Aphasia!

Wake wambona umuntu ekhuluma kahle kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, kodwa kubonakala sengathi akukho ncazelo kulokho akushoyo? Noma uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuqonda ngisho nezinto ezilula ozishoyo? Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Wernicke's Aphasia. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa, kalula kakhulu.

Iyini i-Wernicke's Aphasia?

Kalula nje, i-Wernicke's aphasia iyisifo solimi. Ingenza kube nzima ukuqonda lokho okushoyo uma ukhuluma, futhi ingenza kube nzima ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Ngisho noma ungenankinga yokukhuluma, lokho okushoyo kungase kubonakale kuyindida enkulu kulabo abalalele. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi "i-receptive aphasia" ngoba sithinta kakhulu ikhono lokuqonda ulimi.

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe "isaladi yamagama" (isaladi yamagama) . Okusho ukuthi, amagama owasebenzisayo emshweni angase angahambelani nhlobo nalowo musho, noma ungase uqambe amagama amasha njengoba ukhuluma. Cabanga ukuthi kungaba njani uma othile esho into efana nokuthi "Inja eluhlaza igxuma endizeni enophephela emhlane kanti ushizi uklwejwe izolo"? Yilokho "isaladi yamagama".

Kodwa nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule. Lesi simo se-aphasia asithinti ukuhlakanipha kwakho nganoma iyiphi indlela . Sithinta kuphela indlela ubuchopho bakho obucubungula ngayo ulimi. Ngakho-ke ungabheki umuntu onalesi simo bese ucabanga ukuthi, "O, akaqondi lutho."

Ungase uzwe nodokotela wakho ebiza lesi simo ngokuthi “i-aphasia ekhuluma kahle.” Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abanalesi simo abanankinga nokugeleza kwamagama lapho bekhuluma, noma ngokushelela.

Ivame kangakanani i-Wernicke's Aphasia?

I-Wernicke's aphasia ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-aphasia ezenzeka ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi abake baba nesifo sohlangothi cishe bazoba nezinkinga zolimi.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Wernicke's Aphasia?

Kunezimpawu eziningana zalesi simo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Inkulumo ephumuzayo kodwa engacacile: Awunawo ubunzima bokukhuluma, okungukuthi, ukuphimisela amagama noma ukwenza imisindo. Kodwa lokho okushoyo kunzima kwabanye ukukuqonda, noma akunangqondo. Ungasebenzisa amagama angalungile, noma uze uqambe amagama amasha.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda okushiwo abanye: Ukuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda okushiwo abanye nalokho abakunikezayo, njengemiyalelo.
• Ubunzima bokuphinda nokuqamba amagama:Ungase ube nobunzima bokuphinda igama noma umusho othile awushilo, noma ukukhumbula igama eliqondile lento uma uyibona. Isibonelo, ungase ufune ukusho "ipeni" uma ubona ipeni, kodwa ungase ungalikhumbuli igama.
• Izinkinga zokufunda, ukubhala, kanye nezibalo: Ukufunda incwadi noma iphephandaba, ukubhala imisho, nokusebenzisa izinombolo (ukubala) kungaba yinselele kuwe. Ungase ukwazi ukubhala kahle, futhi uhlelo lwakho lolimi lungase lube lunembile, kodwa ungase ubhale kabi amagama noma usebenzise amagama angalungile.
• Ukushintsha kombono: Indawo yobuchopho bakho kaWernicke iseduze nezingxenye zobuchopho bakho ezibhekele ukubona. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwalezi zinkinga zokuxhumana, umbono wakho ungase uphazamiseke ngokuphelele noma kancane.

Okubalulekile, abantu abaningi abane-Wernicke's Aphasia nabo banesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-anosognosia." Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama eliyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kalula nje, kusho ukuthi awuqapheli ngesimo sakho sezokwelapha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ungaqapheli nokuthi unalolu hlobo lwe-aphasia noma ukuthi abanye bangase bangaqondi okushoyo. Lesi yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, akunjalo?

Umuntu one-Wernicke's Aphasia uzwakala kanjani uma ekhuluma?

Uma une-Wernicke's aphasia, izinto ezifana nethoni kanye nesivinini senkulumo yakho zingase zibe yinto evamile. Lokho kusho ukuthi indlela okhuluma ngayo ingase ingashintshi. Kodwa lokho okushoyo kungashintsha. Abanye abantu bangase bangaqondi okushoyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ungase ushintshe amagama noma imisho. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "amaphutha e-paraphasic." Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu:

• Amaphutha e-Semantic paraphasia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ushintsha igama elilodwa emshweni ngelinye igama elihlobene nalo. Isibonelo, ungase uthi "itafula" esikhundleni sokuthi "isihlalo."
• Amaphutha okuhumusha amagama: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ushintsha uhlamvu noma isilabhili egameni ngelinye. Isibonelo, ungase uthi into efana nokuthi “ufile” noma “uqedile” uma usho ukuthi “ikati.”

Ngokuvamile, ungase ukuthole kulula ukusebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile anjengokuthi “izinto,” “izinto,” kanye “nezinto” esikhundleni samagama noma imishwana ethile.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Wernicke's Aphasia?

I-Wernicke's aphasia ibangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye yobuchopho bakho ebizwa ngokuthi indawo kaWernicke . Le ndawo itholakala ku-lobe yesikhashana, kungaba ngakwesokudla noma ngakwesobunxele bobuchopho bakho, ngaphezu kwezindlebe zakho. Ukulimala kule ndawo kungathintaImbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu isifo sohlangothi.

Kungase kube nezinye izizathu:

• Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda (Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu - i-TBI)
• Izimila zobuchopho .
• Ukutheleleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi .
• Izifo ezibangela ukuthi ubuchopho buwohloke kancane kancane, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Lewy body dementia .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-Wernicke's Aphasia?

I-Wernicke's aphasia yenza kube nzima ukuqonda ukuthi othile uthini nokwenza abanye baqonde ukuthi uthini. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene. Cabanga ukuthi kuyacasula kangakanani uma ungakwazi ukusho lokho ofuna ukukusho nalapho ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi abanye bathini?

• Ukudideka: Ungase uzizwe udidekile ngoba awukwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kuwe noma kulokho abanye abakushoyo.
• Ukukhungatheka: Ukungakwazi ukuveza imibono yakho noma ukuqonda abanye kungaholela ekukhungathekeni okukhulu.
• Ukuzihlukanisa: Kancane kancane ungase ube wedwa futhi ube nesizungu ngoba awukwazi ukuxhumana kahle nabanye.
• Ukucindezeleka: Konke lokhu kungaholela ekucindezelekeni nakwezinye izimo.

Itholakala kanjani i-Wernicke's Aphasia?

Udokotela uxilonga i-Wernicke's aphasia ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba , ukuhlolwa kolimi , kanye nokuhlolwa okukhethekile . Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzophinde abukeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kolimi, udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuthi ubuchopho bakho bucubungula kanjani ulimi. Bazokubuza imibuzo futhi bakunike imiyalelo ethile. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Imiyalo elula neyinkimbinkimbi: "Phakamisa isandla sakho." "Thinta indlebe yakho yesobunxele ngesandla sakho sokudla." Izinto ezinjalo.
• Ukukhuluma kahle: Ungacela umuntu ukuthi asho okuthile okufana nokuthi, "Ngitshele ngesimo sezulu sanamuhla."
• Ukuqamba izinto: "Qamba zonke izilwane ongazicabanga." Ungabuza imibuzo efana nokuthi "Yini into enoyinki oyisebenzisela ukubhala?"
• Ukuphindaphinda imisho: Ungacela othile ukuthi aphinde umusho onjengokuthi "Inja ilume ikati eliwolintshi."
• Ukufunda nokubhala: Ungabuza izinto ezinjengokuthi "Ungawubhala lo musho?" "Ungawufunda [lo musho] ngokuzwakalayo?"

Lokhu kuhlolwa kolimi kuvame ukwenziwaIsazi Sezifo Zolimi Lokukhuluma (SLP) ngumuntu osiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuxilonga i-aphasia.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kungenziwa futhi ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo endaweni yobuchopho kaWernicke. Udokotela wakho angase akucele olunye lwalezi zivivinyo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) .
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan) iyisivivinyo .
• I-PET scan (positron emission tomography scan) iyisivivinyo .

Kodwa nalapha futhi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngenxa yesimo esithi "anosognosia" esishiwo ngaphambilini, okusho ukuthi awuqapheli inkinga yakho yokuxhumana, ukuhlonza lesi simo kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Wernicke's Aphasia?

Eqinisweni, ayikho ikhambi eliqinisekile le-Wernicke's aphasia. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lesi simo futhi sikusize ukhulume kahle futhi uthuthukise amakhono olimi futhi.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu ukwelashwa kokukhuluma . Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokukhuluma, uzofunda:

• Indlela yokuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana.
• Indlela yokwakha kabusha umsebenzi wolimi olahlekile.
• Indlela yokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana.

Abantu abaningi bathola ukwelashwa kweqembu kuwusizo kakhulu. Kubasiza ukunciphisa imizwa yokuzihlukanisa futhi kubanike ithuba lokuzijwayeza amakhono asanda kufundwa nabanye.

Odokotela bakho banganikeza usizo kubanakekeli bakho kanye nabathandekayo bakho, ukuze ukwazi ukuxhumana kahle nabathandekayo bakho.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-Wernicke's Aphasia?

Umbono wakho uncike ebunzimeni bomonakalo endaweni yobuchopho bakho i-Wernicke's. Ungase ubone intuthuko ethile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, amakhono olimi ayathuthuka kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi . Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase balulame kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma ngisho neminyaka.

Kungase kudingeke futhi uthole ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana, njengokusebenzisa ulimi lwezandla noma amadivayisi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusiza .

Kubalulekile futhi ukubandakanya abanakekeli bakho kanye nabathandekayo bakho ekwelashweni kwakho ukuze bafunde ukuxhumana nawe. Kungase kudingeke benze izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukusebenzisa imisho emifushane lapho ukhuluma.
• Ukukubuza imibuzo engaphendulwa ngokuthi “yebo” noma “cha”.
• Gwema ukukhomba amaphutha akho ekuxhumaneni.
• Yiba nesineke futhi uzibandakanye.

Odokotela bakho bangakunikeza wena nabathandekayo bakho izeluleko ezengeziwe zokubhekana nesifo sikaWernicke's aphasia.

Ingabe i-Wernicke's Aphasia ingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela ethile yokuvimbela i-Wernicke's aphasia. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impilo yakho jikelele ukuze uvimbele izimo nokulimala okungaholela ku-aphasia, njengesifo sohlangothi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukulawula ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme).
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
• Ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini evamile yomzimba noma ekuvivinyeni umzimba.
• Ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela uma kudingeka (isibonelo, ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo yokuthintana).

Kuye ngesimo sakho sempilo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko sezempilo esifaneleka kakhulu kuwe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho enezimpawu ze-Wernicke's aphasia, ikakhulukazi ubunzima bokukhuluma ngokucacile nabanye noma ukuqonda okushiwo othile, tshela udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Wernicke's aphasia futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho.

Uma lezi zimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo, kungaba uphawu lwesifo sohlangothi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, shayela ngokushesha ku-1990 (uma useSri Lanka) noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yendawo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayikhumbula ukuyibuza udokotela wakho:

• Ingabe ngine-Wernicke's aphasia noma olunye uhlobo lwe-aphasia?
• Yini ebangela izimpawu zami?
• Kudingeka ngibe khona isikhathi esingakanani ekwelashweni kwenkulumo?
• Ingabe kukhona izivivinyo zemitholampilo engingahlanganyela kuzo?

I-Wernicke's aphasia ingafana nokuya ephathini lapho wonke umuntu ekhuluma ulimi oluhlukile. Ungase uqaphele amanye amagama noma imishwana, kodwa kungaba nzima ukuwaqonda noma ukufaka isandla engxoxweni. Kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo futhi enesizungu. Kodwa akudingeki udlule kulokhu wedwa. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingancoma ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa kwenkulumo noma izivivinyo zemitholampilo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingakukhombisa nokuthi ungaxhumana kanjani ngempumelelo nezidingo zakho kanye nezifiso zakho kwabanye, kungaba ngobuchwepheshe noma ezinye izindlela ezifana nolimi lwezandla.

Okudingeka ukwazi (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, kulokho esikhulume ngakho, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule nakanjani:

• I-Wernicke's aphasia iyinkinga yolimi, hhayi ukuntuleka kokuhlakanipha . Ungacabangi ukuthi umuntu onalesi simo akaqondi izinto.
• Kulesi simo, noma umuntu ekhuluma kahle, lokho akushoyo kungase kungabi nangqondo , futhi kungaba nzima ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo .
• Inselele enkulu ukuthi abantu abaningi abanalesi simo abaqapheli ukuthi banenkinga enjalo (anosognosia) .
• Isifo sohlangothi yimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi.
• Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha. Futhi, ukwesekwa komndeni kubalulekile.
• Nakuba lesi simo sicasula, kunezindlela zokuthola usizo . Ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma usheshe ukuqaphela, kulapho ungaqala khona ukwelashwa ngokushesha, okungasiza ekwenzeni impilo ibe lula kancane.

i- Wernicke's aphasia, i-aphasia yokwamukela, ukuphazamiseka kolimi, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubunzima bokuqonda, ukukhubazeka, ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho