Uma sinomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma ukukhwehlela, sonke sizizwa singakhululekile, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi, abaningi bethu bathenga isiraphu ekhemisi ukuze belaphe ukukhwehlela kanye ne-phlegm. Kodwa ingabe siyazi ngempela ngale mithi? Namuhla sikhuluma ngenhlanganisela yemithi evame ukusetshenziswa. Lo unezithako ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe.
Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?
Kalula nje, lo umuthi "ongu-3 ku-1". Lolu hlobo loju luqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithi.
1. I-Antihistamine: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (ukuqubuka, amehlo anamanzi, ukuthimula).
2. Umuthi wokukhulula ukuminyana kwamakhala: Lokhu kusebenza ngokunciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala, ukunciphisa amafinyila, nokwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
3. Isidambisi Sokukhwehlela: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukukhwehlela okungapheli, okubuhlungu, nokomile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lo muthi ulawula izimpawu kuphela. Uma unegciwane noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane, lo muthi ngeke welaphe lelo gciwane. Lokho kudinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Lo muthi awufanele wonke umuntu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kungani kufanele ukhathazeke? |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme | Lo muthi ungakhuphula umfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) | Ngezinye izikhathi amazinga kashukela egazini angashintsha. |
| I-Glaucoma | Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kunganda. |
| Izifo zokuphefumula (isib. i-asthma, i-COPD) | Ubunzima bokuphefumula bungakhula. |
| Izifo ze-thyroid | Izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. |
| Izinkinga ze-prostate kwabesilisa | Kungaba nobunzima bokuchama. |
| Izilonda zesisu noma zamathumbu, ukuvaleka | Lezi zimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu. |
| Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma ungumama oncelisayo | Kulezi zimo, akufanele isetshenziswe ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha. |
| Uma uthatha imithi yokucindezeleka ye-MAOI | Uma uke wathatha lolu hlobo lomuthi ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ezedlule, ukusebenzisa loluju kungaba yingozi kakhulu. |
Uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle le mithi?
- Isilinganiso esifanele: Thatha kuphela umthamo oshiwo udokotela wakho, ngesikhathi esishiwo. Sebenzisa kuphela isipuni esikhethekile, inkomishi, noma isirinji somlomo esiza nebhodlela lomuthi. Awukwazi ukulinganisa ngokunembile ngamathisipuni noma amathisipuni ekhaya.
- Kwabantwana: Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi batusa lo muthi ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Kodwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuqinile kwezokwelapha. Ungabaniki lokhu izingane ezincane ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Kwabadala: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 bangase babe nomuzwa ongcono ngemiphumela yalo muthi, ngakho-ke bavame ukunikezwa umthamo ophansi.
Wenzani uma uphuza kakhulu ngephutha?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kunalokho ocabanga ukuthi ungakwenza, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Futhi uma kungenzeka, xhumana ne-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital.Shayela ukuze uthole iseluleko. Phatha lokhu njengesimo esiphuthumayo.
Izinto okungafanele zisetshenziswe ngalo muthi
Eminye imithi ingasabela nalolu ju futhi ibangele imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Ngakho-ke tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi namavithamini owaphuzayo.
| Ungalokothi usebenzise lokhu ngamagama! | |
|---|---|
| Ama-antidepressant ohlobo lwe -MAOI | (Isibonelo: uMarplan, uNardil, uParnate) |
| Eminye imithi ye-migraine (ama-alkaloid e-Ergot) | (isb. i-ergotamine) |
| Qaphela kakhulu uma usebenzisa lezi zinto ndawonye (tshela udokotela) | |
| Utshwala | Kukhulisa kakhulu ukozela kanye nesiyezi. |
| Amaphilisi okulala, amaphilisi okulala | Ukozela kunganda kakhulu. |
| Eminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba noma yokukhwehlela/yomkhuhlane | Imiphumela emibi inganda. |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi | Le mithi ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo kahle. |
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele noma unesizungu . Ngakho-ke, ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena.
- Ungavuki ngokuzumayo: Ukuvuka ngokuzumayo uhleli noma ulele phansi kungabangela isiyezi nokuwa. Vuka kancane, ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile.
- Umlomo owomile: Umlomo owomile uvamile . Lokhu kungalawulwa izinto ezifana nokuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela nokuphuza amanzi amaningi.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma ulimi. |
| Umfutho wegazi okhuphukile | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukuquleka | Ukuqala kobuhlungu ngokuzumayo. |
| I-Serotonin Syndrome | Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, isifo sohudo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuqina kwemisipha, umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukujuluka. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Akukho noma ukuncipha kokuchama. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukuba yinto engakhathazeki ngayo, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukungaphumuli, ukukhathazeka | Ukuzizwa ngendlela engavamile. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu. |
| Umlomo owomile | Ukuzwa sengathi amathe anamathele emlonyeni. |
| Ukungalali | Ubunzima bokulala ebusuku. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi ohlanganisiwe wokukhwehlela nomkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Nikeza udokotela wakho uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke ezinye izidakamizwa, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo.
- Ungalokothi weqe umthamo obekwe udokotela wakho. Ungalingi umuthi usebenzisa izipuni ekhaya.
- Njengoba lo muthi ungabangela ukozela, gwema ukushayela kanye nemisebenzi edinga ukunakwa ngemva kokuwuthatha.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kuvela imiphumela emibi kakhulu (ukuvuvukala kobuso, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuxhuzula).
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