Ingabe uzizwa unciphile futhi ungenampilo? Ake sifunde nge-Cachexia (i-Wasting Syndrome)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uke ucabange ukuthi, 'O, kungani nginciphile kangaka? Angikwazi ngisho nokudla. Ngikhathele usuku lonke.' Noma wake wabona umuntu oseduze nawe ehlushwa yilesi simo? Eqinisweni, kukhona isimo esiphazamisayo kakhulu esingase senzeke ngezifo ezinzima, zesikhathi eside. Odokotela basibiza ngokuthi i-Cachexia , noma i-Wasting Syndrome . Empeleni lesi yisimo esithinta abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-9 emhlabeni jikelele. Kalula nje, sibangela ukuthi umzimba uphele kancane kancane. Leli gama livela emagameni amabili esiGreki, elithi "kakos" (elibi) kanye nelithi "hexis" (isimo). Ngakho-ke, "isimo somzimba esibi" yilokho elikushoyo. Lokhu akuyona into elula ukuyenza, kodwa ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuqaphela.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Cachexia?

Odokotela bangase basebenzise igama elithi "cachectic" uma bekhuluma ngalesi simo. Bheka ukuthi wena noma othile omaziyo unalezi zimpawu:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki: Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko. Uqhubeka nokunciphisa isisindo, noma ngabe awuzami ukwehlisa isisindo futhi udla ukudla okunempilo. Ngokuvamile, uma ulahlekelwa u-5% noma ngaphezulu kwesisindo sakho sisonke zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12, odokotela bangase basole. Isibonelo, uma unesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-60, ukwehla ngamakhilogremu angu-3 noma ngaphezulu kungaba uphawu lwalokhu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha: Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi ukuphelelwa yimisipha noma ukuphelelwa yimisipha . Kalula nje, imisipha emzimbeni wakho ilahlekelwa amandla kancane kancane. Iba mincane futhi ibe buthakathaka. Ungase uthole ukuthi ngisho nemisebenzi eyayilula ngaphambili ibonakala inzima ukuyenza.
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka: Lokhu akukhona nje ukukhathala okuvamile. Uzizwa ukhathele usuku lonke kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho. Ungase uzizwe ungathandi nokuvuka embhedeni.
• I-Anorexia (ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla): Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Ukudla akusabonakali futhi akunambitheki kahle. Lokhu kuhlukile enkingeni yokudla ebizwa ngokuthi i-Anorexia Nervosa . Lesi yisimo lapho umuntu elahlekelwa khona yisifiso sokudla ngenxa yokugula.

Kungani kwenzeka i-cachexia?

Kalula nje, i-cachexia yenzeka lapho ubudlelwano phakathi kokufunwa kwamandla emizimba yethu kanye nokutholakala kwamandla esikuthola ekudleni kuphazamiseka. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuba khona kwesifo esingamahlalakhona esibi, njengomdlavuza, noma isifo senhliziyo.

Cabanga nje, uma uthola isifo esingathi sína, amasosha omzimba wakho aqala ukulwa nalesi sifo. Bese i-metabolism yomzimba wakho ishesha. Lokho kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga amandla amaningi kunokuvamile. Kodwa, ngenxa yalesi sifo, isifiso sakho sokudla singase sinciphe.

Ngakho-ke, uma ungatholi amandla anele ekudleni, umzimba wakho wenzani? Uqala ukudonsa amandla emisipheni yakho nasemafutheni akho. Yingakho wehlisa isisindo futhi imisipha yakho iyancibilika.

Ukuze sikubeke ngokwesayensi, kunezizathu eziningana eziqondile ezithinta lokhu:

• Ama-Cytokine Akhuphukile: Ama-Cytokine amaprotheni akhethekile ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Lawa asiza umzimba wethu ukulwa nabahlaseli abanjengamagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ku-Cachexia, lawa ma-cytokine anda kakhulu futhi abangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu kubangela ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha nemisipha.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesistimu yonke: Lokhu kuvuvukala okubangelwa izifo ezingamahlalakhona njengomdlavuza nakho kubangela ukulahleka kwamafutha nemisipha.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin: I-insulin iyi-hormone elawula ushukela egazini emizimbeni yethu. Ukumelana ne-insulin kusho ukuthi imisipha yethu namaseli amafutha awasabeli kahle ku-insulin. Ku-cachexia, lesi simo singaholela ekulahlekelweni kwemisipha okuqhubekayo.
• Ukwanda kokuguquka kwamaprotheni: Kukhona inqubo emaseli ethu lapho kwenziwa khona amaprotheni amasha ukuze athathe indawo yamaprotheni amadala. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni. Ku-cachexia, izinga lapho la maprotheni ehlukaniswa khona likhula ngokushesha kunezinga lapho kwenziwa khona amasha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba usebenzisa amaprotheni amaningi kunalawo owenza amasha. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela enkulu yokulahlekelwa yimisipha.

Yiziphi izimo ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-Cachexia?

I-Cachexia ivame ukubonakala ezigulini zomdlavuza . Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe ama-40% eziguli zomdlavuza zine-cachexia lapho lesi sifo sitholakala okokuqala, kanti cishe ama-70% eziguli ezinomdlavuza osuthuthukile noma osesigabeni sokugcina zine-cachexia.

Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singaba khona hhayi kuphela kubantu abanomdlavuza, kodwa nakubantu abanezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezimbi kakhulu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha: Phakathi kuka-16% no-42% wabantu abanesifo senhliziyo bangase babe ne-cachexia yenhliziyo .
• Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD): I-Cachexia ikhula kubantu abangu-27% kuya ku-35% abane-COPD.
• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD): Lesi simo sithinta abantu abaphakathi kuka-30% no-60% abane-CKD.
• Izifo ezithile ezithelelanayo: Isibonelo, i-AIDS (i-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)I-cachexia ivame kakhulu njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka. Singakhula nakubantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo sofuba kanye nomalaleveva.
• Izifo zokuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona: Phakathi kuka-18% no-67% wabantu abanezinkinga zamalunga ezivuvukalayo, njenge- rheumatoid arthritis , kungenzeka ukuthi bahlushwa yi-cachexia.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-cachexia?

I-Cachexia yisimo esingasongela impilo. Cabanga ngalokhu, i-Cachexia inesibopho sama-20% okufa komdlavuza. Ngoba uma ibangela ukulahlekelwa yimisipha, ingathinta inhliziyo nokuphefumula.

Ngokuvamile, ukuxilongwa kwe-cachexia kusho ukuthi ukuphela kokuphila kuseduze. Lezi yizindaba ezinzima ukuzizwa, kokubili esigulini nakubathandekayo babo. Kungaholela nasezinkingeni zengqondo ezifana nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka.

Uma i-cachexia ibangela ukwehla kwesisindo kanye nokushintsha kokubukeka, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benamahloni futhi bekhathazekile. Kuyadabukisa futhi ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngenxa yobuthakathaka emzimbeni wakho.

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi kungaba nokuxhumana okungathandeki phakathi komuntu one-cachexia nabanakekeli bakhe. Cabanga ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukubuka othandekayo wakho eba mncane, ebuthakathaka, futhi elahlekelwa ukuzimela. Ngezinye izikhathi, abanakekeli bacabanga ukuthi, "Uma ngibanika ukudla okwengeziwe, ngizokwazi ukulawula lokhu." Kodwa-ke, lapho isiguli senqaba ukudla, sizizwa sidabukile futhi sithukuthele. Lokhu kucindezela kokudla kungenza ngisho nemibuthano yomndeni ingajabulisi. Ezinye iziguli zizenza sengathi zilele lapho kufika izivakashi, zinethemba lokuthi zizoziphoqa ukuba zidle.

Itholakala kanjani i-Cachexia?

Into yokuqala udokotela azokwenza ukukuhlola ngokomzimba. Bazokubuza ngempilo yakho iyonke, noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo, ikakhulukazi ukuthi uthatha noma yimiphi imithi engapheli engabangela i-cachexia yakho. Bangase futhi benze izivivinyo zokuhlola ukuqina komzimba wakho kanye namandla emisipha yakho. Bangase futhi benze izivivinyo zegazi, njenge- Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) , kanye ne -CT (Computed Tomography) scan .

Iphathwa kanjani i-Cachexia?

Eqinisweni, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-cachexia okwamanje. Odokotela bagxila kakhulu ekwelapheni isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-cachexia. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukwelapha umdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, noma esinye isifo esingamahlalakhona kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unesifiso sokudla, unganconywa izindlela zokwandisa inani lokudla okudlayo.

Isibonelo, odokotela bangase batuse ukudla ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi, amafutha, nama-calories, ngezingxenye ezincane, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukudla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukudla ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole amakhalori engeziwe. Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wakho wezokudla mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka nokuthi ungakusebenzisa kanjani ngokugcwele ukudla okudlayo.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi le-cachexia?

Okwamanje, akukho muthi othize ovunyelwe i-cachexia. Nakuba olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umuthi i-megestrol acetate ungandisa isifiso sokudla futhi ubangele ukukhuluphala, awukavunyelwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) njengokwelashwa kwe-cachexia ebangelwa umdlavuza. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi efana ne -corticosteroids isikhathi esifushane.

Yini abanakekeli abangayenza?

Uma unakekela umuntu one-cachexia, kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu: Uma i-cachexia ikhula ngenxa yesifo esibucayi, i-metabolism yomzimba iyashesha, ngakho iziguli azizizwa zilambile. Yingakho, noma ngabe uzinika amakhalori engeziwe , isimo se-cachexia asithuthuki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuncelisa ngenkani kwandisa izimpawu ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza. Lokhu kwenza isiguli singakhululeki nakakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokuphoqa othandekayo wakho ukuba adle, cabanga ngezinye izindlela zokumduduza. Isibonelo, izinto ezincane njengokumhlikihla ngezikhathi ezithile, ukufaka iloshini emzimbeni wakhe, noma ukufaka i-moisturizer ezindebeni zakhe uma zomile kungaba yinduduzo enkulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthi ukhulume naye futhi umlalele.

Uma ngine-Cachexia, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Uma unalesi simo, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele unesifo esibi kakhulu, okungenzeka ukuthi sibulalayo. Kuye ngesimo sakho, ukuxilongwa kwe-cachexia kungasho ukuthi ususondele ekupheleni kwempilo yakho. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi kunezimo eziningi kakhulu ezingabangela i-cachexia, isimo sakho singase sihluke ngokuphelele kwesomunye umuntu. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela ukukhuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo. Vula kubo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Nakuba kungekho siqondiso esiqondile sokuphila ne-cachexia, lezi ziphakamiso zingakusiza:

• Yidla kahle (kodwa hhayi ngenkani): Yidla uma uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukudla. Kodwa ungaziphoqeleli ukuba udle ngoba kufanele nakanjani.
• Zama ukudla okuncane: Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile, ungase ungathandi ukudla ukudla okuningi. Ngakho-ke, zama ukudla ukudla okunama-calorie amaningi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Khuluma nochwepheshe wakho wezokudla ngemibono yokudla.
• Yenza ukuzivocavoca okulula:Uma kungenzeka, ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okulula kakhulu kungasiza ekuqiniseni imisipha yakho. Ngisho nokuhamba nje noma ukuhambisa izingalo nemilenze yakho kancane kuzosiza.
• Thola ukwesekwa kwezempilo yengqondo: Kuvamile ukuthi abantu abanezifo ezingathi sína ezifana nalezi babhekane nokucindezeleka nokucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi unqikaze ukucela usizo eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha ngalokhu.
• Cabanga ngokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu: Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu kuyindlela ekhethekile yokwelapha esiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.
• Buza ngokusekelwa kwe-hospice: Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokusekelwa kwe-hospice. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukwesekwa okuvela kubantu abafana nabeluleki abangokomoya kanye nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle.

Ingabe ukuphakelwa ngamapayipi kuyindlela yokwelapha i-cachexia?

Odokotela ngokuvamile abancomi ukudla okungaphakathi kanye nokudla okunempilo kwabazali be-cachexia, njengoba lokhu kwelashwa kungakaze kuboniswe ukuthi kuthuthukisa i-cachexia noma kwandise impilo.

Ukondla ngepayipi kunikezwa ukudla okunomsoco okuwuketshezi ngepayipi eliguquguqukayo elifakwe ngekhala, ngqo esiswini, noma emathunjini amancane. Ukudla okunomsoco okubangelwa yi-Parenteral kunikezwa kokudla okunomsoco ngqo emthanjeni ngokusebenzisa umugqa we-IV.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Cachexia, noma i-Wasting Syndrome, yisimo esithinta abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza othuthukile nesifo senhliziyo. Ngokuvamile, kubhekwa njengesinye sezigaba zokugcina zokuphila. Lezi yizindaba ezibuhlungu ngempela ukuzwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi une-cachexia noma unakekela umuntu onazo. Odokotela bakho bayazi ukuthi ingakanani i-cachexia engaphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi ithinte impilo yakho yengqondo. Uma ukulesi simo, ungagodli lutho futhi ufune ukwesekwa kwezempilo yengqondo eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ukuqonde, nokuthola usizo oludingayo.

i- cachexia, i-wasting syndrome, ukuwohloka komzimba, umdlavuza, isifo esingamahlalakhona, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukuncipha kwemisipha, ukudla okunomsoco, i-anorexia