Wake wazibuza ukuthi ungazishukumisa kanjani izingalo nemilenze yakho ngaphandle kokucabanga, ukuthi ungasusa kanjani isandla sakho entweni eshisayo ngaphambi kokuba siyithinte, noma ukuthi izinto ezifana nokuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwenzeka kanjani ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele? Konke lokhu kulawulwa ngemuva 'yinethiwekhi yemiyalezo' emangalisayo, esheshayo emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simiso esimangalisayo, esibizwa ngokuthi i -Nervous System kwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, iyini isimiso sezinzwa?
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengomuzi omkhulu. Uhlelo lwezinzwa luyinethiwekhi yokuxhumana eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kulowo muzi. Yingalokhu lapho kuthunyelwa futhi kwamukelwe imiyalezo kusuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba kuya kwenye. Isikhungo esiyinhloko, noma igumbi lokulawula, lalokhu ubuchopho bethu .
Ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa egijima emzimbeni wonke yizona zingxenye eziyinhloko zalolu hlelo. Lezi mizwa, ezigijima njengezintambo zikagesi, zithwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni iye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kanti imiyalezo evela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ibuyela ebuchosheni. Ukuze kushintshwe le miyalezo, kusetshenziswa izigidigidi zamaseli amancane. Siwabiza ngokuthi ama-neurons . Le miyalezo ithunyelwa ngesimo sezimpawu zikagesi nezamakhemikhali.
Lolu hlelo lusebenza kanjani?
Lena inqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Izigidigidi zama -neuron esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili zixhumene ukuze zithumele imiyalezo. Igebe elincane phakathi kwe-neuron eyodwa nenye libizwa ngokuthi i-synapse .
Umlayezo uhamba usuka kwenye i-neuron uye kwenye udlule kule synapse. Lokhu kusizwa amakhemikhali akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters . Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-dopamine kanye ne-serotonin, kodwa ziyizinhlobo ezimbili zama-neurotransmitters.
Zicabange uhamba ngezinyawo ungagqokile izicathulo bese kuthi kungazelelwe uveve lukuhlaba. Ngaleso sikhathi, imizwa esezithendeni zakho ithumela umyalezo othi, "Lokhu kuyabuhlungu!", ngesivinini esikhulu kuma-neurons emgogodleni wakho iye ebuchosheni bakho. Ubuchopho buyawuqonda lowo myalezo bese buthumela umyalo othi, "Susa unyawo lwakho endleleni!" Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphazima kweso. Eminye imiyalezo ihamba ngesivinini esingaphezu kwamamayela angu-200 ngehora.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso sezinzwa
Ngenxa yokuthi ilawula cishe yonke imisebenzi emzimbeni wethu, ososayensi bahlukanisa isimiso sezinzwa sibe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ukuze kube lula.
| Ingxenye yesistimu | Indima nencazelo |
|---|---|
| 1. Isistimu Yezinzwa Ephakathi (i-CNS) | Lesi 'yisikhungo sethu sokulawula'. Sakhiwe ubuchopho nomgogodla kuphela. Ubuchopho buvikelwe kahle yikhanda kanye nomgogodla ngentambo yomgogodla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zivikelwe kakhulu yizinhlayiya ezintathu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-meninge kanye noketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal . |
| 2. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Olungaphandle (i-PNS) | Lena inethiwekhi yezinzwa esukela ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni futhi imboze umzimba wonke. Lokhu kuhlukaniswe kabili. |
| ↳ Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluzimele | Le ngxenye ilawula izinto esingenakuzilawula ngamabomu (ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, ukujuluka, ukugaya). Iphinde ibe nezingxenye ezimbili eziphikisanayo: i-Sympathetic (elungiselela umzimba 'ukulwa noma ukubaleka' esimweni esiphuthumayo) kanye ne-Parasympathetic (esiza umzimba 'ukuphumula nokugaya'). |
| ↳ Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Lwe-Somatic | Le ngxenye ilawula izinto esingazilawula ngamabomu (ukunyakaza kwemisipha, inkulumo) kanye nezinzwa zethu (ukuzwa, ukubona, ukuzwa, ukunambitha, ukuhogela). |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa?
Nakuba uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa lunesivikelo esihle, njengazo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba, lungaba sengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nomonakalo.
Izifo
Amagciwane angangena ohlelweni lwezinzwa futhi abangele izifo.
- I-Meningitis : Ukutheleleka kwe-membrane kanye noketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
- I-Encephalitis: Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kobuchopho.
- Ithumba lobuchopho: Iqoqo lobomvu ebuchosheni.
- Uvendle : Isifo esingavamile kakhulu esithinta imizwa manje.
Ukulimala okubangelwa izingozi
Uhlelo lwezinzwa lungalimala ngenxa yezingozi zezimoto, ukulimala kwezemidlalo, ukuwa, noma izimo ezithile zezokwelapha.
- I-Carpal tunnel syndrome: Isimo esibangelwa ukucindezelwa kwenzwa enkulu esihlakaleni.
- Inzwa ecijile: Inzwa ecindezelwe yizicubu ezifana nethambo noma imisipha.
- I-peripheral neuropathy: Ukulimala kwemizwa engaphandle kobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
Izinkinga ezithinta ukusebenza kwesimiso sezinzwa
- Isifo sikaParkinson: Isifo sobuchopho esithinta ukunyakaza futhi siba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- I-Multiple sclerosis: Isifo esonakalisa isembozo sokuvikela esizungeze izinzwa.
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer: Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-dementia, olubonakala ngokulahlekelwa inkumbulo kancane kancane.
- I-ALS (i-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis): Isifo esibangela ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha.
Izinkinga zemithambo yegazi
- Isifo sohlangothi: Ukulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukuvaleka noma ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
- I-TIA (ukuhlasela kwe-ischemic okufushane): Ukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana kokunikezwa kwegazi ebuchosheni.
- I-Subdural hematoma: Ukopha eduze kobuchopho ngemva kokulimala ekhanda.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngesimiso sezinzwa?
Izimpawu zenkinga yesimiso sezinzwa ziyahlukahluka, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezinzwa oluthintekile.
| Uhlobo lokwethuka | Izimpawu ezingase zivele uma zithintekile |
|---|---|
| Izinzwa zemisipha (ilawula imisipha nokunyakaza) | Ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, ukudikiza, ukufinyela kwemisipha, izinkinga zokuhamba kanye nokulinganisela. |
| Izinzwa ezithinta imizwa (ukuthinta, izinga lokushisa, ubuhlungu) | Ukuba ndikindiki, ukusha noma ubuhlungu ezithweni, ukuncipha komuzwa wokushisa/ukubanda, ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi ebucayi njengokufaka izinkinobho. |
| Izinzwa ezizimele (Ilawula izenzo ezenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane, izinguquko zomfutho wegazi, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukujuluka ngokweqile noma ukungajuluki, ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpawu zingabangelwa ezinye izimo, ngakho-ke uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela.
Sigcina kanjani isimiso sethu sezinzwa siphilile?
Izinguquko ezimbalwa ezilula endleleni yethu yokuphila zingasiza kakhulu ekugcineni impilo yesimiso sezinzwa.
Ukudla okunempilo kanye nesimiso sezinzwa
Lokho okudlayo kuthinta ngqo impilo yesikhathi eside yobuchopho bakho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa. Ukudla okuqukethe lezi zakhi kubaluleke kakhulu:
- Ama-omega-3 fatty acids: Angatholakala ezinhlanzini ezinamafutha (i-salmon, i-mackerel, i-herring), imbewu yefilakisi, imbewu ye-chia, kanye namantongomane afana nama-walnuts.
- I-Vitamin B: Lokhu kutholakala enkukhu, enhlanzini, emaqandeni, kuyogathi, amazambane, uphizi kanye nezithelo.
- Ama-Antioxidants: Lawa angatholakala emifino nezithelo ezimibalabala, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye nezinongo.
Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, zama ukudla ukudla okuphelele esikhundleni sokudla okucutshunguliwe.
Ukucindezeleka kanye nesimiso sezinzwa
Uma ucindezelekile noma ukhathazekile njalo, kuwumthwalo omkhulu ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze usize ekulawuleni lokhu:
- Ukuphefumula kancane, ngokujulile.
- Ukuthela amanzi amancane ebusweni.
- Ukuzibandakanya ekuzivocavoceni okufana nokuhamba nokubhukuda.
- Ukuzijwayeza izinto ezifana nokuzindla noma i-yoga.
- Uma ungumuntu omdala, lala kahle amahora angu-7-9 ngosuku.
Uma ungakwazi ukulawula lezi zinto,Bona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa luyinethiwekhi yokuxhumana eyinhloko yomzimba wethu, eyakhiwe ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa.
- Konke ukunyakaza kwethu, imizwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokuphefumula kulawulwa yilesi simiso.
- Ukudla okunomsoco, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, kanye nokulala ngokwanele kubalulekile empilweni yesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokungazweli, ubuthakathaka, izinkinga zokukhumbula, noma ubunzima bokuhamba, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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