Ingabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungayithinta inhliziyo yakho? Ake sixoxe ngobuthi benhliziyo!

Ingabe uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza? Noma ingabe kukhona umuntu omaziyo othola ukwelashwa okunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungaba nomthelela omncane ezinhliziyweni zethu. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ubuthi benhliziyo . Ungakhathazeki, ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu.

Ngakho-ke kuyini ubuthi benhliziyo?

Kalula nje, ubuthi benhliziyo buwumonakalo ezinhliziyweni zethu obangelwa ukwelashwa okuthile komdlavuza noma imithi yomdlavuza. Khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi lo mphumela ungenzeka ngisho neminyaka eminingi ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abadala abalashelwa umdlavuza besebancane, okungukuthi, besebancane. Akuzona zonke izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza ezibangela lokhu, kodwa kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinengozi enkulu yokubangela ubuthi benhliziyo.

Lesi simo singenza kube nzima ngenhliziyo yakho ukupompa igazi kahle emzimbeni wakho wonke. Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ngisho nesifo semisipha yenhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-cardiomyopathy , okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ngenhliziyo yakho ukupompa igazi.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athinteke yisifo senhliziyo?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani oke welashwa ngomdlavuza usengozini yokuba nesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ingozi iphezulu kulabo abake basebenzisa imithi ethile noma abaye baphathwa ngemisebe esifubeni.

Futhi, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abaye belashelwa umdlavuza ebuntwaneni babo, okungukuthi, lapho sebekhulile. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani kubantu abaye belashelwa umdlavuza lapho sebekhulile. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kweminye imibiko, cishe ama-20% alaba bantu angase abhekane nesifo senhliziyo, kanti phakathi kuka-7% no-10% bangase babe ne-cardiomyopathy noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Lokhu kuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho ngenxa yobungozi benhliziyo?

Ubuthi benhliziyo bungabangela izinkinga zenhliziyo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Cardiomyopathy: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka futhi inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngendlela efanele.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Cishe uke wezwa ngalokhu. Kungabangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo: Ukuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi liye enhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zomzimba.
• Isifo Se-Heart Valve: Ama -valve enhliziyo awasebenzi kahle.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia):Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, kungaba ukushaya kancane, ngokushesha, noma ngaphandle kwesigqi.
• Ukwakheka Koketshezi Ezungeze Inhliziyo.
• Umfutho Wegazi Ophansi Noma Ophezulu.
• Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esihamba Kancane.
• I-Constrictive Pericarditis: Kulesi simo, ulwelwesi lwangaphandle lwenhliziyo luyaqina, okunciphisa isikhala sokuba inhliziyo ikhule ngokukhululeka.

Ziyini izimpawu zobuthi benhliziyo?

Kunezimpawu eziningana zesifo senhliziyo ezihlobene nobuthi benhliziyo. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, kubalulekile ukukhathazeka:

• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu: Isisu sivuvukala phambili, njengokuvuvukala.
• Ubuhlungu Besifuba: Isifuba singase sizwakale siqinile noma sinciphile.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okukhulu: Cabanga uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngamandla esifubeni sakho, noma ishaya kakhulu.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya noma ukuphelelwa umoya: Uzizwa uphelelwa umoya futhi uyaphefumula ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze kanye nokugcinwa koketshezi (i-edema): Kuyenzeka ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni nasemaqakaleni.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zobungozi be-cardiotoxicity?

Kunezindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza ezingabangela ubuthi benhliziyo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kwalokhu yile:

• Ama-Anthracycline: Isibonelo , i-Doxorubicin (Adriamycin®) . Lezi uhlobo lomuthi we-chemotherapy ovame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha umdlavuza ofana ne -leukemia, i-lymphoma, umdlavuza webele, i-sarcoma, noma i-multiple myeloma .
• I-Trastuzumab (i-Herceptin®): Lona umuthi wokwelapha oqondiwe osetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza wesisu, noma umdlavuza we-gastroesophageal junction. Kunengozi eyengeziwe ye-cardiomyopathy, ikakhulukazi uma lo muthi unikezwa kanye ne-anthracycline.
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Esifubeni: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa futhi ukwelapha izifo ezifana nomdlavuza webele noma i-leukemia .

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo sobuthi benhliziyo?

Odokotela babheka kakhulu ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya igazi kahle kangakanani ukuze banqume ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo noma cha. Lokhu kulinganiswa ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) . Babheka nokuthi ama-valve enhliziyo yakho asebenza kahle kangakanani. I-LVEF ilinganisa ukuthi lingakanani igazi elikhishwa ekamelweni elingezansi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho (i-Left Ventricle) ngesikhathi.

Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezisetshenziswa odokotela ukukala lezi zinto:

• I-Echocardiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokuthwebula izithombe esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola ubuthi benhliziyo. Sisebenzisa ama-electrode namagagasi e-ultrasound ukuhlola izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nendlela igazi eligeleza ngayo enhliziyweni yakho. Kufana nokuskena okwenziwa komama abakhulelwe, kodwa lesi senzelwe inhliziyo.
• I-Cardiac MRI: Abanye ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlola ejwayelekile yokuthola ubuthi benhliziyo. Isebenzisa omayibuthe, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ekhethekile ukuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zezakhiwo zenhliziyo yakho nokuhlola ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani kuyo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa indlela inhliziyo yakho esabela ngayo emsebenzini onzima. Ucelwa ukuba uhambe nge-treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashukumi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uxhunywe emshinini olinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• I-Multigated Acquisition Scan (MUGA): Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukusebenza kwamagumbi enhliziyo yakho (ama-ventricles). Kusetshenziswa i-radioactive tracer ephephile kulokhu. Ibonakala kahle ku-scan. Udokotela ubheka indlela le tracer ehamba ngayo emithanjeni yakho yegazi, bese ebala ingxenye yakho yokukhipha.
• I-CT Scan yenhliziyo: I-CT scan ithatha ama-X-ray kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene ukuze idale isithombe esiningiliziwe senhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungaba usizo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasola ukuthi kukhona ubuthi benhliziyo ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni.

Lesi simo sobuthi benhliziyo siphathwa kanjani?

Kuye ngemithi oyithathayo njengamanje, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uyeke eminye yayo noma unciphise umthamo wayo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike nemithi esiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle. Isibonelo:

• Ama-ACE inhibitors: Isibonelo , i-Lisinopril (Zestril®) noma i-Fosinopril Sodium (Monopril®)Kulungile. Lokhu okwenziwa yilaba basebenzi ukuvula imithambo yegazi yakho nokwenza kube lula ukuthi igazi ligeleze.
• Ama-Beta-blocker: Isibonelo , i-metoprolol (Lopressor®) noma i-atenolol (Tenormin®) . Lawa andisa ukugeleza kwegazi futhi anciphise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• I-Digoxin, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Digitalis (i-Lanoxin®): Lokhu kunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi kusiza inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye kahle kakhulu.
• Ama-diuretics (abizwa nangokuthi amaphilisi amanzi): Isibonelo , i-Furosemide (Lasix®) . Lawa asebenza ngokukhipha uketshezi oluningi (amanzi) emzimbeni ngomchamo.
• Ama-Vasodilator: Isibonelo , i-Isosorbide Dinitrate (Isordil®) . Lawa asebenza ngokwandisa (ukuvula) imithambo yegazi, okuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula.

Ingabe kukhona esingakwenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo?

Eqinisweni, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele ubuthi benhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma utholakale unomdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngezinzuzo nezinkinga zezinketho zokwelapha, okungukuthi, izingozi nezinzuzo zempilo, nodokotela wakho.

Futhi, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zenhliziyo njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza kungasiza ekutholeni ubuthi benhliziyo esiteji sokuqala. Cabanga nje, uma kunenkinga, uma itholakala kusenesikhathi, kulapho amathuba okuba ilashwe ngempumelelo khona.

Ingabe lesi simo sobuthi benhliziyo singabuyiselwa emuva, okungukuthi, selapheke?

Ngezinye izikhathi, yebo. Kunezimo lapho ubuthi benhliziyo bungaguqulwa khona. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ubuthi benhliziyo ngemva kokusebenzisa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi iTrastuzumab bungaguqulwa.

Kodwa-ke, ubuthi benhliziyo obubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-anthracyclines buvame ukuba nzima ukububuyisela emuva. Budinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Ngokufanayo, ubuthi benhliziyo obuhambisana nemisebe yesifuba nakho kunzima kakhulu ukububuyisela emuva. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ngisho nokuhlinzwa, kungadingeka.

Kufanele ngifune nini usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha? Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?

Uma unezimpawu zenkinga enkulu yenhliziyo, shayela u-911 ngokushesha ukuze uthole i-ambulensi, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze. Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma umuzwa wokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okuqhubekayo.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu, uzizwa uphelelwa yithemba, noma ukuphelelwa yithemba.
• Ukwanda okungazelelwe kokuphelelwa umoya noma ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukuvuvukala komphimbo noma izindebe.
• Ukuvuvukala okungavamile kwemilenze noma izinyawo.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo okungaphezu kuka-1.5 kg (amakhilogremu angu-3) phakathi nesonto.

Uma unalezi zimpawu , kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, njengoba lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya!

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu ngobuthi benhliziyo. Kalula nje, ubuthi benhliziyo buwumonakalo enhliziyweni obangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Kuvamile kakhulu kubantu abaye bathola imithi ethile ye-chemotherapy, imithi yokwelapha eqondiwe, noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni.

Nakuba ezinye izinhlobo zobuthi benhliziyo zingaguqulwa, ezinye zidinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zokwelashwa kwakho uma welashwa umdlavuza. Futhi, ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho kungasiza ekuboneni noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi futhi kuqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungesabi, kodwa qaphela. Nakekela inhliziyo yakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, ungazinaki. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ubuthi Benhliziyo , Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza, Isifo Senhliziyo, Ukwelashwa Ngemithi Kamakhemikhali, Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe, Impilo Yenhliziyo, Ubuthi Benhliziyo