Uke wezwa ngomdlavuza ongavamile obizwa ngokuthi i-Chordoma? Ake sixoxe ngawo!

Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama elithi "chordoma" ngaphambili. Lokho akumangazi, ngoba lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile. Kodwa-ke, yize lungavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu. Ngoba, lolu hlobo lwesimila lungavela emgogodleni wethu noma phansi kwekhanda. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula ngokuthi iyini le chordoma, ukuthi ikhula kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha.

Kuyini i-Chordoma? Ake sithole kalula!

Kalula nje, i-chordoma iyisimila somdlavuza esakheka emathanjeni . Sivame ukuvela emgogodleni wakho noma phansi kwekhanda lakho, amathambo angaphezu kwentamo yakho nangaphansi kobuchopho bakho. Odokotela basibeka njengohlobo lomdlavuza olubizwa ngokuthi i-sarcoma. I-Sarcoma yigama elijwayelekile lomdlavuza owakheka emathanjeni nasezicutshini ezithambile (izicubu ezixhumene).

Ama-Chordoma avame ukukhula kancane . Kodwa-ke, inkinga ukuthi angaba nzima kancane ukuwalapha ngoba aseduze kakhulu nesimiso sethu sezinzwa, okungukuthi, ubuchopho nomgogodla, futhi ahlasela izicubu ezithambile ezizungezile.

Enye into ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, la mathumba anethuba elikhulu lokuphinda avele . Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka endaweni efanayo lapho kwakukhona khona isimila sokuqala. Futhi, emacaleni angu-30% kuya kwangu-40%, amangqamuzana omdlavuza we-chordoma angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukusabalala kwezicubu".

I-Chordoma ingasakazekela kuphi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?

Uma i-chordoma isakazeka, okungukuthi, isakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, izindawo ezivame kakhulu ukuthi ingasakazeka kuzo yilezi:

• Amaphaphu akho
• Ama-lymph node aseduze nesimila
• Amanye amathambo
• Isibindi
• Isikhumba

I-chordoma ingakhula kuphi?

I-Chordoma ingenzeka noma kuphi emgogodleni wakho, kodwa kunezindawo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu:

1. I-sacrum: Leli yithambo elingunxantathu eliphakathi kwezinqe zakho. Cishe ama-35% ama-chordoma akhula lapha.

2. Isisekelo sekhanda: Ngokukhethekile, phansi kwekhanda lakho, emathanjeni asekela ubuchopho bakho. Lawa abizwa nangokuthi "ama-chordoma e-Clival" ngoba avame ukwakheka ethanjeni elithi "Clivus", elitholakala lapha. Lolu hlobo luphinde lube cishe u-35% wawo wonke ama-chordoma.

3. Emathanjeni ahambayo omgogodla (`ama-vertebrae`): Okusho ukuthi, ama-vertebrae entanyeni yakho, esifubeni, nasemhlane. Ama-Chordoma atholakala cishe ku-30% walawa. Avame kakhulu emathanjeni esibili omgogodla womlomo wesibeletho. Angavela futhi emathanjeni angaphansi komhlane (umgogodla we-lumbar) kanye nasesifubeni (umgogodla we-thoracic).

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-chordoma?

I-World Health Organization (WHO) ihlukanise i-chordoma ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe endleleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka ngayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope ('histology').

1. I-chordoma yakudala/ejwayelekile: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (80% kuya ku-90% wawo wonke ama-chordoma). Amaseli kulolu hlobo awuhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olunokubukeka "okufana nebhamuza" kancane. I-chondroid chordoma ingenye indlela yalolu hlobo. Ibalelwa phakathi kuka-5% no-15% wawo wonke ama-chordoma. I-chondroid chordoma ivame ukukhula phansi kwekhanda.

2. I-chordoma ehlukanisiwe: Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5%). Lubonakala ngengxube engavamile yamaseli. Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha, lunolaka kakhulu, futhi lunamathuba amaningi okuthi ludlulele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba kunezinye izinhlobo.

3. I-chordoma engahlukaniswa kahle: Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu . Kuze kube manje, iziguli ezingaphansi kuka-60 ziqoshwe kumarekhodi ezokwelapha. Isici esikhethekile salolu hlobo ukuthi i-gene ebizwa ngokuthi `(SMARCB1)` noma `(INI1)` ayisebenzi (ukususwa). Lolu hlobo lwe-chordoma luvame ukubonakala ezinganeni nakubantu abasha.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole i-chordoma?

I-Chordoma ingavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kunoma ubani. Kodwa-ke, ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-80. Izingane zithinteka yinani elincane lamacala, cishe u-5% wawo wonke amacala.

Kutholakale nokuthi amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kayi-1.5 okuthola i-chordoma kunabesifazane.

Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

I-Chordoma umdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu . Uthinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayisigidi minyaka yonke. Lokho kusho ukuthi, isibonelo, e-United States, cishe amacala amasha angu-300 kuphela atholakala njalo ngonyaka.

Ama-Chordoma aphakathi kuka-1% no-4% wazo zonke izimila zamathambo eziyinhloko.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-chordoma?

Njengoba i-chordoma ikhula, ingafaka ingcindezi emgogodleni noma ebuchosheni obuzungezile. Lokhu kucindezela kubangela izimpawu . Izimpawu zingahluka futhi kuye ngokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi emgogodleni.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-chordoma zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka, kanye/noma ukungazweli emhlane, ezingalweni, noma emilenzeni .

Izici ze-chordoma yesisekelo sekhanda:

Uma une-chordoma phansi kogebhezi lwakho, olungaphansi kobuchopho bakho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukubona kabili (i-Diplopia)
• Umbono ofiphele
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki kobuso

Izici ze-chordoma ethanjeni lomsila/esacrum:

Uma une-chordoma engxenyeni ephansi yomgogodla wakho, eduze kwe-sacrum, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isigaxa noma iqhubu eliphuma esikhumbeni
• Ubunzima bokuchama noma ukukhipha indle (ukungasebenzi kahle kwesinyi noma amathumbu)
• Ubuhlungu emhlane ongezansi noma endaweni yezinqe

Khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingadidaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo nezingavamile.

Kungani i-Chordoma ikhula? Ziyini izimbangela?

Abacwaningi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-chordoma, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi izinguquko ku-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-TBXT ziyabandakanyeka.

Kube nemibiko yemindeni eminingana ene-chordoma. Lapho behlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi bazuze ukuphindaphindwa kwe-gene `(TBXT)`. Futhi, izinguquko ku-gene `(TBXT)` zitholakale kubantu abane-chordoma kodwa akekho emndenini onalesi sifo.

I-Chordoma ikhula kusuka kumaseli esakhiweni esibizwa ngokuthi ``notochord``. Le ``notochord`` iyisakhiwo sesikhashana esibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komgogodla wengane uma isakhula. Ngokuvamile, le ``notochord`` iyanyamalala cishe emavikini ayisishiyagalombili okukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, amanye ala maseli ``notochord`` angase ahlale emathanjeni omgogodla noma phansi kwekhanda.

Ngakho-ke, umbono wamanje uwukuthi uma kukhona ushintsho ku-gene `(TBXT)` okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini, lawa maseli `(notochord)` asele angase aqale ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi akhe i-chordoma.

Futhi, abantu abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi ``Tuberous sclerosis`` basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-chordoma. Lesi simo ``Tuberous sclerosis`` singabangela isifo sokuwa, ukubambezeleka kokukhula, kanye nezimila ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Lokhu kubangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ezimbili zofuzo ezibizwa ngokuthi ``TSC1`` kanye ``TSC2``.

Ungayibona kanjani i-chordoma?

Uma unezimpawu ze-chordoma, udokotela uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinzwa.

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi kukhona isimila, uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwesithombe okufana ne-X-ray, i-computed tomography (CT) scan, noma i-MRI scan. Lokhu kuskena kwe-MRI kuvame ukusiza ekuxilongeni i-chordoma.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wakho cishe uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe womdlavuza wamathambo ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa futhi athole umbono wesibili. Bangase futhi benze ezinye izivivinyo zezithombe ukuze bathole indawo eqondile ye-chordoma, babone ukuthi isisabalale yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, futhi benze ezinye izivivinyo.

Kodwa-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola i-chordoma ngokuphelele ukwenza i-biopsy . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yesigaxa, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-biopsy yenaliti, bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Yilapho kuphela lapho uchwepheshe angabona khona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kuyi-chordoma.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Chordoma?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokungcono kakhulu kwe-chordoma ukususa lonke isimila ngokuhlinzwa . Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "ukususwa kwe-En bloc." Uma isimila sisuswe ngokuphelele ngale ndlela, isiguli sinethuba elihle lokuphila isikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi izimila zikuphi, lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukukwenza. Ikakhulukazi, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukususa ngokuphelele ama-chordomas atholakala phansi kwekhanda.

Ngoba i-chordoma emgogodleni ingalimaza umgogodla wakho kanye nemizwa ebalulekile kanye nemithambo yegazi ezungezile. Uma lokhu kulimele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kungabangela ukukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside noma ngisho nokufa. Futhi, i-chordoma engaphansi kogebhezi kunzima ukuyisusa ngokuphelele ngoba iseduze kakhulu nobuchopho, imizwa ye-cranial, kanye nentambo yomgogodla. Odokotela abahlinzayo bezinzwa bazama ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyilapho bephephile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ama-chordoma ngokuvamile awasabeli kahle ekwelashweni ngemisebe noma ngamakhemikhali njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingancoma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukuvimbela isimila ukuthi singabuyi.

Abacwaningi okwamanje baphenya izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-chordoma, njengokwelashwa okuqondiwe kanye nokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy. Kungase kube nezivivinyo zemitholampilo ongahlanganyela kuzo.

Ingabe i-chordoma ingavinjelwa?

Ngempela, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela ama-chordoma ukuthi angakhuli. Isikhathi esiningi, akhula ngokungahleliwe.

Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-Chordoma, noma uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Tuberous sclerosis," kubalulekile ukuthi ubonane nodokotela njalo ukuze ahlolwe. Bangakuqapha izimpawu ze-Chordoma. Uma lokhu kutholakala ngokushesha, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele.

Ayini amathuba okululama ku-chordoma? (Isibikezelo)

Ukubikezela, noma umbono, we-chordoma kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Indawo lapho kukhona khona isimila nokuthi singasuswa kangakanani ngokuhlinzwa: Uma isimila singasuswa ngokuphelele, amathuba okululama aphezulu. Uma kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, amathuba mancane.
• Ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (ususakazeke): Uma ususakazekele ezindaweni ezikude, amazinga okusinda angancishiswa.
• Ubudala bakho uma uxilongwa: Ngokuvamile, amazinga okusinda aphansi kancane kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimila asihlukanisiwe noma cha: Izinhlobo ezifana nokuthi ``I-chordoma ehlukanisiwe kahle`` zinesimo esibi kakhulu kune``i-chordoma evamile``.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingakunikeza ulwazi olunembile kakhulu mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, ngakho ungesabi ukubabuza imibuzo.

Ingabe lokhu kungaba yingozi?

Yebo, i-chordoma ingaba yingozi. Ngokuvamile, ukufa kwenzeka ngemva kokuba isimila sesiphinde savela, sibhubhisa izicubu emgogodleni wakho, ebuchosheni, noma esiqwini sobuchopho.

Ucwaningo lweziguli ezingu-357 ezine-chordoma luveze ukuthi amazinga okusinda ayemi kanje:

• Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu: 80.5%
• Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu: 68.4%
• Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva: 39.2%

Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kumane kuyizilinganiso. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingakunikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana namazinga okusinda ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe Umdlavuza We-Chordoma Noma Isimila Esivamile?

I-Chordoma iyingozi ngempela (umdlavuza). Ayikho neyodwa yezinhlobo zayo ezibhekwa njengezingenawo umdlavuza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

I-Chordoma ingaphinde ivele ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka. Ngakho-ke, ukulandelwa isikhathi eside yithimba lakho lezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha, noma uma izimpawu zakho ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu , qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ucindezelekile uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza wamathambo ongavamile. I-Chordoma umdlavuza okunzima ukuwelapha ngenxa yendawo okuyo.

Kodwa-ke, themba ukuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olunemininingwane oluqondene nawe futhi luzokusiza ukwelapha i-chordoma yakho futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho .

• Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu kusenesikhathi: funa iseluleko sikadokotela uma unobuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukungazweli, noma izinguquko embonweni.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha esingochwepheshe: Njengoba i-chordoma iyisifo esingavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukwelashwa eqenjini lezokwelapha elinolwazi.
• Ukuhlolwa njalo kuyadingeka ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa: Njengoba kunengozi yokuphinda lesi sifo, yiya ekuhlolweni njengoba kuqondiswe odokotela.

Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.

` I-Chordoma, umdlavuza, umdlavuza wamathambo, umgogodla, ugebhezi, i-sacrum, i-clivus