Ake sifunde ngendlela igazi eligeleza ngayo emizimbeni yethu? (Uhlelo Lokujikeleza Kwegazi)

Ubuwazi ukuthi kukhona uhlelo olumangalisayo emzimbeni wakho oluhlala lusebenza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulele, usebenza, noma udlala? Luhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi, olunikeza impilo emizimbeni yethu futhi luthwala igazi emizimbeni yethu yonke. Njengesistimu yamapayipi amanzi enikeza amanzi edolobheni, iletha izakhamzimba kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu futhi isuse imfucuza. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngamagama alula.

Iyini le ndlela yokujikeleza kwegazi?

Kalula nje, uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi luhlelo olwakhiwe yinhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi . Abanye abantu balubiza nangokuthi uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Womabili la magama abhekisela ohlelweni olufanayo.

Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukusebenzisa igazi ukuletha izakhamzimba ezigidini zamaseli emzimbeni wethu nokususa imfucuza kulawo maseli. Ngamanye amazwi, ifana nohlelo lokuhamba emzimbeni wethu. Inhliziyo yakho isebenza njengephampu eyinhloko, ipompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba ngale nethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi. Leli gazi linikeza imisipha yethu, izicubu, kanye nezitho umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba . Liphinde lithwale imfucuza, njenge -carbon dioxide , ekhiqizwa kulezi zitho futhi liyihambise ezithweni ezingayisusa emzimbeni.

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yalolu hlelo?

Kunemisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko eyenziwa yilolu hlelo.

• Ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke: Inhliziyo yethu ishaya imini nobusuku, ngisho nalapho silele, futhi yenza lo msebenzi.
• Ukuletha izinto ezibalulekile: Ukuletha umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezithweni zethu, emisipheni nasezicutshini.
• Ukususa izinto ezingadingekile: Kuqoqa futhi kususe imfucuza efana ne-carbon dioxide emzimbeni.

Cabanga ngakho njengohambo olungapheli. Igazi, eliqala enhliziyweni, lihamba ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu (imithambo yegazi) liye ezithweni zethu zomzimba. Lapho, inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillary, iletha umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba emaseli futhi iqoqe imfucuza evela kulawo maseli. Bese, igazi elinaleyo mikhiqizo yemfucuza libuyela enhliziyweni ngolunye uhlobo lomthambo wegazi (imithambo yegazi). Kusukela enhliziyweni, igazi lithunyelwa emaphashini, lapho liphinde lifakwe khona umoya-mpilo bese libuyela enhliziyweni, liqale uhambo olusha. Le nqubo yenzeka njalo ngomzuzwana inhliziyo yakho eshaya ngawo.

Lolu hlelo lubeka phambili ukuhlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni nasenhliziyweni yemizimba yethu. Ngoba uma ukuhlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni kuma, ungalahlekelwa ingqondo ngemizuzwana embalwa. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuma isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emine, ubuchopho bungalimala. Ngokufanayo, uma inhliziyo ngokwayo ingatholi igazi elilidingayo, ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokupompa kahle.

Lolu hlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi lusebenza kanjani?

Lonke lolu hlelo lwenzeka ngenhliziyo, amaphaphu, kanye nemithambo yegazi kusebenza ndawonye. Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

1. Okokuqala, i-ventricle yesokudla yenhliziyo yakho ipompa igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liye emaphashini akho. Leli gazi lihamba ngemithambo emikhulu yamaphaphu, i-Pulmonary Artery.

2. Ngaphakathi emaphashini, i-carbon dioxide kuleli gazi iyakhishwa bese ithathelwa indawo umoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo.

3. Leli gazi, manje eligcwele umoya-mpilo, libuyela e-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo ngemithambo yamaphaphu.

4. Kusukela ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele, leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo lithunyelwa ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele, okuyingxenye eyinhloko neqinile yenhliziyo.

5. I-ventricle yesobunxele iyafinyela ngamandla bese ipompa leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo emithanjeni ukuze lisabalale emzimbeni wonke.

6. Ngale ndlela, igazi elijikeleza emzimbeni wonke linikeza umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezithweni nasezicutshini, futhi liqoqa imfucuza lapho.

7. Leli gazi (igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo) eliqoqe imfucuza kanye ne-carbon dioxide libuyela enhliziyweni ngemithambo yegazi.

8. Inhliziyo ipompa leli gazi libuyele emaphashini ukuze liwagcwalise ngomoya-mpilo. Uma siphefumula, le carbon dioxide iyakhishwa.

Lo mjikelezo yilokho okwenzeka njalo. Inqubo yegazi eya emaphashini bese ithatha umoya-mpilo bese ibuyela enhliziyweni ibizwa ngokuthi ukujikeleza kwegazi kwamaphaphu . Ngokufanayo, inqubo yokuthwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke ibizwa ngokuthi ukujikeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile .

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kunezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko zalolu hlelo. Ngayinye yazo inomsebenzi othize. Ukuze sikuqonde lokhu kalula, ake sibheke leli thebula.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezithinta lolu hlelo?

Izinkinga eziningi ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi zihlobene nokuvaleka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi. Imithambo yegazi yiyo ehlinzeka nge-oxygen emzimbeni wonke, ngakho-ke uma kukhona ukuvaleka noma kuphi, lokho kunikezwa kwe-oxygen kuyaphazamiseka.

Ngezansi kunezinye izimo ezivamile ezithinta lolu hlelo.

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme : Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ofakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi njengoba igazi lidlula kuzo.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amazinga aphezulu amafutha egazini angangena emithanjeni yegazi futhi ayivimbele.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia):Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma isigqi.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yokuvaleka komthambo ohambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Izinkinga zamavalvu enhliziyo: Amavalvu enhliziyo awasebenzi kahle.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka futhi ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthakathaka bodonga lomthambo wegazi, okubangela ukuba luvuvuke njengebhaluni. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ebuchosheni noma e-aorta.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuvaleka noma ukuqhuma komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
• I-atherosclerosis: Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokugcwala kwe-cholesterol nezinye izinto ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
• Izifo zemithambo yegazi: Izifo ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis.

Sigcina kanjani uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi luphilile?

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi iphilile. Lezi izinto ezilula ongazengeza endleleni yakho yokuphila.

• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Zama ukuthola okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca ngesonto. Ukuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili kuyizinketho ezinhle.
• Lala kahle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulala ngokwanele njalo ebusuku.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nemithi yakhe ngqo.
• Lawula amazinga akho e-cholesterol. Lawula amazinga akho e-cholesterol ngokunciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi.
• Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele. Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Yidla i-fiber eningi, imifino, nezithelo. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo sobude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Lawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Uma unesifo sikashukela, silawule kahle.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka. Unganciphisa ukucindezeleka ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, kanye nezinto zokuzilibazisa.

Imibuzo emibili evame ukubuzwa

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezimbili zegazi, igazi elibomvu negazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Cha. Ithonsi ngalinye legazi emizimbeni yethu libomvu.Igazi lithola umbala walo obomvu kuphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin emaseli abomvu egazi. Kodwa igazi elinomoya-mpilo libomvu ngokujulile, kanti igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo libomvu ngokukhanyayo, okunsomi. Imithambo engaphansi kwesikhumba sethu ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yendlela ukukhanya okudlula ngayo ezingxenyeni zesikhumba. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwaleyo mithambo kukhona igazi elibomvu.

Ingabe imithambo yegazi ihlala ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo?

Esikhathini esiningi, yebo. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile okukhethekile. Lowo yi -Pulmonary Artery . Ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini. Ngokufanayo, i-Pulmonary Vein ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuka emaphashini liye enhliziyweni. Lesi yisimo esikhethekile lapho inqubo ihamba ngendlela ehlukile.