Uma unesifo sikashukela, lesi sihloko sizobaluleka kakhulu kuwe. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe sengathi umbono wakho awucacile futhi awucacile njengokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungase kubangelwe inkinga yemithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Uma ingelashwa, lesi simo singaholela ekulahlekelweni kancane kancane noma ngokuphelele kombono wakho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esibi esibangelwa isifo sikashukela, kodwa esingatholakala futhi silawulwe ngokushesha.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Kalula nje, konke kuqala ngokuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho angalawulwa kahle. Uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephezulu isikhathi eside, alimaza imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Lokhu kuthinta yonke into kusukela emithanjeni yegazi enhliziyweni yakho kuya emithanjeni yegazi emincane engemuva kwamehlo akho.
I-retina ungqimba oluncane ngemuva kweso oluthumela izithombe ebuchosheni, njengefilimu ekhamera. Ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi enempilo, i-retina ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle.
Manje, lapho le mithambo yegazi yonakele, umzimba uzama ukuyilungisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza iphrotheni ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) . Nakuba lokhu kungeyona inkinga emehlweni aphilile, lapho amehlo omuntu onesifo sikashukela ekhiqiza le VEGF eningi, imithambo yegazi eyonakele iba buthakathaka nakakhulu.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le mithambo yegazi ebuthaka iyaqhuma, okwenza igazi noketshezi kuvuze ku-retina, ungqimba lwangaphakathi lweso . Lokhu kuvuvukala kwe-retina kubizwa ngokuthi i-diabetesic retinopathy .
Uma lolu ketshezi oluvuzayo luqoqana ku-macula, ingxenye ye-retina esisiza sibone izinto ngokucacile nangokucacile, luyavuvukala. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-diabetic macular edema, noma i-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) .
I-Edema yigama lezokwelapha elisho ukuvuvukala okubangelwa uketshezi oluningi. Ngakho-ke i-DME yisimo lapho i-macula igcwala uketshezi bese ivuvukala ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
Isifo sikashukela siyimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi singabangelwa ezinye izici, njengokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, okunye ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, kanye nokuwohloka kwe-macular.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?
Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa ingozi yakho, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Isici sengozi | Kusho ukuthini lokho? |
|---|---|
| Izimo zezempilo ezingalawulwa | Ushukela egazini lakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol ahlala ephezulu. |
| Indlela Yokuphila | Ukubhema nokuhlala endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokuzilolonga umzimba. |
| Ezinye izimo zempilo | Ube nesifo se-diabetic retinopathy isikhathi eside. |
| Imicimbi ekhethekile | Ingozi yalesi simo inganda kancane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
Cishe wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela usengozini. Ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukuqaphela lokhu nokunakekela impilo yakho.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-DME?
I-DME ingahlukaniswa kakhulu ibe izinhlobo ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwe-DME | Izici |
|---|---|
| I-DME Egxile Ku-Focal | Ukuvuza okuncane koketshezi kwenzeka ku-macula. |
| I-DME Esakazekayo | Ukuvuza koketshezi kanye nokuvuvukala kusakazeka kulo lonke i-macula. Kulolu hlobo, ukubona kungaphazamiseka kakhulu. |
Ngakho-ke senzani? Kufanele siye nini kudokotela?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma unesifo sikashukela, noma ungenazo izimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthi amehlo akho ahlolwe udokotela wamehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka . Lesi simo singase singabonisi zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala.
Kodwa uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Umbono ofiphele.
- Ukuma kwezinto ozibonayo (isib. ozimele bomnyango namafasitela) kubonakala kunwetshiwe futhi kushwabene.
- Imibala ayibonakali icacile futhi ikhanya njengakuqala.
- Ukubona amabala amnyama noma izinto ezintantayo embonweni wakho.
Esikhundleni sokulinda bese uthi, "Ake silinde isikhashana," funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okugcina amehlo akho ayigugu ayanda.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-DME yisimo lapho i-macula yeso ivuvukala ngenxa yesifo sikashukela. Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini ahlala ephezulu futhi engalawuleki isikhathi eside.
- Gcina ushukela wegazi lakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol elawulwa. Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Uma unesifo sikashukela, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi uhlolwa amehlo akho ngudokotela wamehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka .
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nombono ofiphele noma umbono ofiphele, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
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