Ingabe ungumuntu onesifo sikashukela? Ngakho-ke, uzizwa ungenamizwa, uthukuthele, usha, noma ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakho? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuthi imizwa yakho iyalimala kancane kancane ngenxa yesifo sikashukela. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esithinta abantu abaningi. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi sifo semizwa esibangelwa isifo sikashukela, esibizwa ngokuthi `(I-Diabetes-Related Neuropathy)`.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-neuropathy?
Cabanga ngesimiso sezinzwa emzimbeni wethu njengesifana nezintambo zikagesi endlini. Lezi zinzwa zithwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni iye kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba, kanti lezi zinzwa zithwala imiyalezo evela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ibuyele ebuchosheni. Lezi zinzwa zithola ukondliwa nomoya-mpilo ovela emithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu.
Manje, uma unesifo sikashukela, okusho ukuthi izinga likashukela egazini lakho liphezulu (i-Hyperglycemia) isikhathi eside, le mithambo yegazi ebucayi iqala ukonakala. Njengalapho amanzi anoshukela omningi edlula emapayipini, amapayipi aqala ukugqwala. Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakala ngale ndlela, imizwa, efana nezintambo zikagesi, ayitholi umsoco nomoya-mpilo eyidingayo. Khona-ke leyo mizwa iba buthakathaka kancane kancane, yonakale, futhi iqale nokufa. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Diabetes-Related Neuropathy .
Lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela "sohlobo 1" kanye nesifo sikashukela "sohlobo 2". Kodwa-ke, akwenzeki kubo bonke abanesifo sikashukela. Futhi, i-neuropathy ingenzeka ngezinye izizathu. Isibonelo, ingabangelwa ukulimala kwemizwa, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, noma ingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela ethola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela futhi akakwazi ukuthola esinye isizathu salezi zimpawu, uzosithola njengesifo sikashukela.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo zemizwa ezibangelwa isifo sikashukela?
Lo monakalo wemizwa ungathinta imizwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi ithinteke kuphi. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini.
| Uhlobo lwesifo sezinzwa | Kalula nje, kwenzekani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-Peripheral Neuropathy | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olubonakala kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.'I-Peripheral' ibhekisela emizweni esukela emgogodleni iye emaphethelweni omzimba. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu imilenze nezinyawo. Ngezinye izikhathi zombili izingalo zingathinteka. |
| I-Autonomic Neuropathy | 'I-Autonomic' ibhekisela ezinzwa ezilawula izinqubo zomzimba ezingazikhetheli esingenakuzilawula. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, ukujuluka, ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, ukusebenza kwesinye, kanye nokusebenza kocansi. Ukulimala kwalezi zinzwa kuwela kulesi sigaba. |
| I-Proximal Neuropathy | Lolu uhlobo olungavamile . Luthinta imizwa esinqeni, ethangeni, noma ezinqeni. Ngokuvamile luthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba. |
Khumbula, izinhlolovo zibonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-50% abanesifo sikashukela bahlushwa yi-"Peripheral Neuropathy". Lokho kusho ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwababili usengozini.
Zingaba yini izimpawu zalezi zifo zemizwa?
Izimpawu ozizwayo zincike kuhlobo lwe-neuropathy onalo. Ake sibheke izimpawu ezihambisana nohlobo ngalunye ngokwehlukana.
Izimpawu ze-Peripheral Neuropathy
Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuthinta kakhulu imilenze, ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:
- Ukuqaqamba emilenzeni , umuzwa wezintuthwane ezigijima nxazonke, umuzwa wokuhlatshwa ngezinaliti (i-Paresthesia).
- Ubuhlungu obubukhali, njengokusha, ukugwazwa, noma ukushaqeka ngogesi.
- Impendulo engavamile lapho uthinta. Isibonelo, ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho ishidi lombhede likhuhla umlenze (i-Dysesthesia).
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
- Amanxeba asemilenzeni noma ezinyaweni athatha isikhathi eside ukuphola .
- Ngezinye izikhathi, ulahlekelwa yimizwa ezinyaweni zakho. Khona-ke, noma ngabe uhlatshwa yiva noma ulimele yisicathulo, awukwazi ukukuzwa.
Lo monakalo wezinzwa uyenzeka kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi, ngakho-ke ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu ezigabeni zokuqala.
Izimpawu ze-Autonomic Neuropathy
Ngenxa yokuthi kuthinta izinhlelo eziningana emzimbeni, izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu.
| Uhlelo oluthintekile | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Ukuqunjelwa, isilungulela, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, igesi , uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokudla, ukudla esiswini kuyalibaziseka ekuphumeni esiswini (i-Gastroparesis) . |
| Uhlelo lomchamo | Ukuchama ngokungazi, ukungakwazi ukukhipha umchamo ngokuphelele, ukutheleleka njalo komgudu womchamo. |
| Izitho zangasese | Ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi, izinkinga zokukhipha isidoda, ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ukungakwazi ukufeza ukuvuthwa ngokocansi. |
| Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi | Umfutho wegazi ophansi (ikakhulukazi uma uvuka uhleli), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, kanye nokuquleka. |
| Izindlala zokujuluka | Ukujuluka ngokweqile noma ukuntuleka kokujuluka. |
| Amehlo | Ubunzima bokulungisa umfundi ukuze avumelane noshintsho ekukhanyeni (isib., lapho ephuma ebumnyameni). |
Enye into eyingozi engenzeka ngalesi sifo sezinzwa ukuthi ungase ungaziboni izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-hypoglycemia, njengokuqhaqhazela, indlala enkulu, nokukhathazeka. Lokhu kungaba yingozi.
Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yalesi simo?
Uma unesifo sikashukela, kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola lesi sifo se-neuropathy:
- Isikhathi sesifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside, kulapho ingozi yokulimala kwemizwa iba nkulu khona.
- Ubudala: Le ngozi iyanda futhi ngokuguga.
- Ukulawulwa kabi koshukela egazini: Uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ehlala ephezulu, leso yisona sici esiyinhloko sengozi. Ukuba ne-A1C engaphezu kuka-7% iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Uma umfutho wegazi uphezulu, ungalimaza nemithambo yegazi ethambile.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini nawo awalungele imithambo yegazi.
- Isisindo somzimba esiphezulu (i-BMI ephezulu): Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nakho kuhlobene nalokhu.
- Isifo sezinso: Uma izinso zonakele ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, ingozi yokuba ne-neuropathy nayo iphakeme.
- Ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala: Yomibili le mikhuba ilimaza ngqo imithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa.
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela wakho. Uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi uphatha kanjani isifo sakho sikashukela. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezingenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezinyawo zesifo sikashukela: Lapha, udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela izinyawo zakho ukuze athole noma yimaphi amanxeba, ukusikeka, noma izilonda. Bese, besebenzisa ithuluzi elincane (njenge-monofilament), bazothinta izindawo ezahlukene zezinyawo zakho bese bebona ukuthi uyakwazi yini ukuzizwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kungakanani ukuzwa okulahlekile ezinyaweni zakho.
- Izifundo Zokuqhutshwa Kwezinzwa (NCS): Lokhu kulinganisa isivinini lapho izimpawu zikagesi zihamba khona ezinzwa zakho. Uma izinzwa zonakele, leli jubane lizoncishiswa.
- I-Electromyography (EMG): Lolu vivinyo lubheka impilo yemisipha yakho kanye nezinzwa ezilawulayo.
Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga i-autonomic neuropathy kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlelo oluthintekile. Isibonelo, uma kunenkinga ngesinyi, kungenziwa i-ultrasound scan.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu nesiqalayo ekwelashweni ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle kakhulu . Yilokhu okungamisa noma kunciphise umonakalo owengeziwe ezinzwa.
Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ugcine amazinga kashukela egazini enempilo futhi elaphe noma yiziphi izimpawu ongase ube nazo, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu.
- Imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu: Imithi efana ne-`Pregabalin` kanye ne-`Gabapentin` ivame ukunqunyelwa ubuhlungu bemizwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-`(Capsaicin)` afakwa endaweni ebuhlungu noma imithi ethile yokucindezeleka `(Ama-Antidepressant)` nawo asetshenziswa kulobu buhlungu.
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisa imisipha, ukuvimbela ubunzima bokuhamba, nokugcina ibhalansi.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kunikeza izeluleko namadivayisi okusiza ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula.
- Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Abanye abantu bangathola ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini ngezinto ezifana ne-acupuncture. Kubalulekile futhi ukubona isazi sokudla ukuze ufunde ngokudla okunempilo.
Ingabe lomonakalo wezinzwa ungabuyiselwa emuva?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Uma amazinga kashukela egazini elawulwa kahle, izimpawu zokuqala ezifana nokuqaqamba zingase zehle noma zinyamalale phakathi nonyaka noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma umonakalo wemizwa umkhulu , kunzima ukuwuguqula ngokuphelele. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ngokushesha okukhulu bese uqala ukulawula ushukela wakho.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sikuvimbele?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongayenza ukuze wenze lokho:
- Gcina i-A1C yakho ingaphansi kuka-7%. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Gcina umfutho wegazi ungaphansi kuka-140/90 mmHg noma ezingeni eliqondiwe elinconywe udokotela wakho.
- Landela uhlelo lokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca.
- Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile.
- Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha.
- Nciphisa noma uyeke ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala .
- Bona udokotela wakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwezinyawo .
- Hlola izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone ukuthi azinawo yini amabhamuza, ukusikeka, izilonda, ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba, kanye nokubomvu. Ngenxa yokuthi awuzizwa kahle, ungazilimaza ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-neuropathy ebangelwa isifo sikashukela iyinkinga evamile, kodwa ingavinjelwa.
- Umuthi nokuvikela okungcono kakhulu kwalokhu ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle .
- Uma unesithukuthezi, ukuqaqamba, ubuhlungu, noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ezithweni zakho, ungakushayi indiva. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Hlola izinyawo zakho ngokucophelela nsuku zonke. Ngisho nesilonda esincane singaba yinkinga enkulu. Uma ubona isilonda, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
- Kanye nokulawula ushukela, kubalulekile futhi ukulawula umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, nokugwema ukubhema.
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