Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma sohlobo 2, cishe usuvele wazi ukuthi isifo sikashukela singabangela izinkinga zamehlo. Esivame kakhulu kulezi, futhi okufanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngaso, yi-diabetic retinopathy. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-diabetic retinopathy. Kalula nje, kuwumonakalo ezicutshini ezizwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso lakho, i-retina. Lapho amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephezulu futhi engalawuleki isikhathi eside, imithambo yegazi emincane enikeza umoya-mpilo nezinye izakhamzimba ku-retina iyalimala. Ngenxa yalokho, amehlo akho awasakwazi ukusebenza kahle, futhi umbono wakho uba lufifi kancane kancane.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi simo, ungase ungaziboni izimpawu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma ungelashwa kahle, lesi simo se-Diabetic Retinopathy singaba sibi kakhulu futhi siholele kwezinye izinkinga ezinkulu ezingaholela ngisho nasekulahlekelweni umbono ngokuphelele. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngayinye ngayinye manje.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi eyinhloko yamehlo ebangelwa isifo sikashukela?
Uma isifo sikashukela sesiqala ukulimaza amehlo akho, asigcini lapho. Uma singalawulwa kahle, singaholela kwezinye izinkinga eziningi.
Ukuvuvukala kwe-retina ngenxa yesifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Macular Edema - DME)
Cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iba nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-DME. Lapho izindonga zemithambo yegazi ku-retina yakho ziba buthakathaka ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, uketshezi negazi kuqala ukuphuma. Lolu ketshezi negazi kuqongelela engxenyeni ephakathi ye-retina yakho, ebizwa ngokuthi i-macula. Cabanga ngakho, i-macula yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yeso esisiza sibone ngokucacile, sifunde izincwadi, futhi siqaphele abantu. Ngakho-ke lapho le ndawo ivuvukala, ngokuzumayo uqala ukuba nombono ofiphele , umbono ophindwe kabili , kanye namabala amancane amnyama antanta phambi kwamehlo akho (ama-eye floaters) .
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu ukujova ngemithi yokulwa ne-VEGF. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela into ebizwa ngokuthi i-VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), ekhuthaza ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi, futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala kwe-macula. Lokhu kungalawula kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Ukopha ngaphakathi kweso (i-Vitreous Hemorrhage)
Isifo sikashukela sibangela imithambo yegazi emisha esweni ukuba ibe buthakathaka kakhulu. Ifana namapayipi enziwe ngezinto ezishibhile. Ngakho-ke ingaqhuma kalula futhi ivuza igazi ingene entweni efana nejeli engaphakathi kweso (i-vitreous). Leli gazi libe selivimba ukudlula kokukhanya okuvela ngaphandle kuya ku-retina.
Cabanga nje, uma inani lokopha lincane, ungase ubone amabala ambalwa amnyama (ama-floater) entanta phambi kwamehlo akho. Kodwa uma ukopha kukhulu, igazi lingagcwalisa wonke umgodi ongaphakathi kweso lakho, okubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe umbono wakho ngokuphelele .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu bese uthola imbangela. Igazi lingase liziphele ngokwalo phakathi namasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqashwe ngokucophelela phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Uma lingapheli, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe okubizwa ngokuthi i-vitrectomy ukuze kususwe into efana nejeli esweni lakho.
I-Neovascular Glaucoma (ukwanda kwengcindezi esweni)
Ngezinye izikhathi, imithambo yegazi emisha engavamile iqala ukwakheka embotsheni yeso lakho. Le mithambo ivimba indlela yokuthi uketshezi luphume esweni lakho. Lokhu kufana nomsele ovalwe yimfucumfucu. Uketshezi luyanqwabelana ngaphakathi kweso lakho, okubangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kukhuphuke kakhulu. Lolu uhlobo olubi lwe-glaucoma.
Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Uma singelashwa kahle, ungalahlekelwa umbono wakho ngokuphelele zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela angasebenzisa ukwelashwa nge-laser kanye nemithi ukubuyisela lokhu kugeleza koketshezi, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo, nokusindisa umbono wakho.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Retinal
Njengoba i-Diabetic Retinopathy iqhubeka, imithambo yegazi e-retina ingavimbeka ngokuphelele. Umzimba ube ususabela ngokwakha imithambo yegazi emisha e-retina. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, le mithambo emisha iba buthakathaka kakhulu. Ingavuza igazi futhi yakhe izicubu zesibazi. Ekugcineni, lapho lesi zicubu sesibazi sincipha, sibangela ukuba i-retina isuke odongeni lwangemuva lweso. Lokhu kufana nephosta ekhipha udonga.
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha . Ngaphandle kwalokho, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Izimpawu eziphuthumayo zokuqhekeka kwe-retinal | |
|---|---|
| 1. | Kungazelelwe , inani elikhulu lamabala amnyama (ama-floater) liqala ukuntanta phambi kwamehlo. |
| 2. | Ukubona ukukhanya emehlweni elilodwa noma womabili. |
| 3. | Umuzwa sengathi ikhethini elimnyama liwela eceleni noma phakathi nendawo yensimu yakho yokubona (ububanzi ongabubona). |
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunezindlela zokwelapha lokhu. Uma kukhona imbobo encane noma ukudabuka ku-retina, odokotela bangasebenzisa i-probe eqandisayo noma i-laser ukuyinamathisela kabusha. Uma ingxenye enkulu yayo iphumile, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma lesi simo sitholakala kusenesikhathi, izinga lempumelelo lokwelashwa lifinyelela ku-90%.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigweme lezi zinkinga?
Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze uvikele amehlo akho kulezi zinkinga ezinkulu.
- Lawula kahle isifo sikashukela sakho: Uma ulawula kangcono amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi uvimbele i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ukuthi ingabi yimbi kakhulu. Ngoba, njengoba sesixoxile, amazinga kashukela angalawulwa alimaza le mithambo yegazi emincane.
- Qaphela umfutho wegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungalimaza nemithambo yegazi, kuhlanganise naleyo esemehlweni.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa: Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa kusenesikhathi, ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo kungalawulwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unesifo sikashukela futhi ungenazo izimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe amehlo njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela yisifo esingabangela umonakalo omkhulu emehlweni akho, ngakho-ke qaphela ngaso.
- Ukulawula ushukela wegazi lakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza.
- Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, uma unesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuthi amehlo akho ahlolwe ngokwesimiso esinqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Uma uqala ukubona amabala amnyama entanta phambi kwamehlo akho, uma ebukeka njengokukhanya kombani, noma uma uzizwa sengathi unesikrini esimnyama embonweni wakho, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU).
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