Uyazi nge-Diabulimia, isimo esiyingozi esihambisana nesifo sikashukela?

Uma uphila nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, uyazi ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani. Kungazwakala sengathi ulwa njalo nokudla, i-insulin, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini. Kodwa kanye nalezi zinselele, kunesinye isimo esingathi sína esingakugwinya futhi sibe yingozi empilweni. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesinye salezo zimo, i-diabulimia.

Iyini ngempela i-Diabulimia?

Kalula nje, i-Diabulimia yisimo lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 engayithathi ngamabomu i-insulin eyanele noma ethatha i-insulin encane kakhulu ukuze anciphise isisindo. Lokhu empeleni kubhekwa njengokuphazamiseka kokudla odokotela.

Uma uzwa igama elithi "diabulimia," abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi lesi yisimo esifana ne-"bulimia nervosa." Okusho ukuthi, kufana nokudla kakhulu bese uphinda uhlanze. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abane-diabulimia abenza lokhu. Abanye abantu banciphisa kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwe-insulin futhi bangagcina amanye amaphethini okudla njengokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukuphazamiseka Kokudla Ku-Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (ED-DMT1)."

Uma usunciphise i-insulin yakho futhi wehlisa isisindo, ungase ucabange, "Ekugcineni sengilawula umzimba wami." Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu, esisongela ngisho nokuphila. Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka uma i-insulin ilahlekile? Ingabe kuyingozi?

Imizimba yethu idinga i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin ukuze ithole amandla ekudleni esikudlayo. I-insulin yilokho okuthatha i-glucose, noma ushukela, egazini lethu uye emangqamuzaneni omzimba bese uyiguqula ibe amandla.

Ake ucabange nje, umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 akakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele emzimbeni wakhe. Khona-ke lowo muntu kufanele athathe i-insulin ngaphandle. Kwenzekani uma unciphisa ngamabomu inani le-insulin oyithathayo? Amaseli omzimba awakwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose. Bese umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuthola amandla. Okusho ukuthi, uzama ukwakha amandla ngokushisa amafutha nemisipha.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla okungakanani, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuthola amandla kulokho kudla, ngakho okwenzekayo ngempela ukuthi umzimba wakho "uyalamba." Yilokhu okubangela ukwehla kwesisindo.

Kodwa ukwehlisa isisindo ngale ndlela kuyingozi kakhulu.Esinye ukuthi amakhemikhali ayingozi abizwa ngokuthi ama-ketone anganqwabelana egazini, okuholela esimweni esingaba yingozi esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Esinye ukuthi uma i-insulin inganele, amanzi amaningi angalahleka emzimbeni, okubangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu. Nakuba lokhu kuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungase kubonakale sengathi kuzokusiza ukwehlisa isisindo, futhi kuyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Diabulimia?

Kulesi simo, izimpawu ezithile zomzimba, zengqondo, nezokuziphatha zingabonakala.

Izimpawu zomzimba

• Inani le-HbA1c elingu-9.0% noma ngaphezulu: Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi izinga lakho elijwayelekile likashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule liphezulu kakhulu.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu nokuquleka.
• Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni (i-sodium, i-potassium).
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele njalo.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukoma ngokweqile njalo kanye nokuchama njalo.
• Ukungajwayelekile kwemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane.
• Ukushintsha kombono, umbono ofiphele.

Izimpawu zomzwelo nezokuziphatha

• Ukuphuthelwa ama-aphoyintimenti kadokotela ahlobene nesifo sikashukela.
• Ukwesaba ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) ngoba kufanele udle.
• Ukwesaba "ukukhuluphala uma uthatha i-insulin."
• Ukuphatha isifo sikashukela kuzwakala njengomthwalo omkhulu kanye nengcindezi (ukucindezeleka kwesifo sikashukela kanye nokukhathala).
• Ukungayithathi imithi ye-insulin njalo noma ukuyiphuza sekwephuzile.
• Intukuthelo engazelelwe, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa njalo.
• Ukugcina izimfihlo kwabanye ngendlela ophatha ngayo isifo sakho sikashukela.
• Ukuvela njalo kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (i-DKA) noma okuseduze.
• Ukunganiki inani elidingekayo le-insulin (bolus) ekudleni noma ukunganiki inani elincane kakhulu.

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enesinye salezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi i-diabulimia ithinta umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabayi-11 onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kuvame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Diabulimia?

Ayikho imbangela eyodwa ye-diabulimia. Izinkinga zokudla ezinjengalezi ziyizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Zingabangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkinga zempilo yomzimba, yezenhlalo neyengqondo.

Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo okubangelwa ukuphatha isifo sikashukela nakho kungaba yimbangela. Cabanga ngalokhu:

• Ukucabanga njalo ngokudla, ikakhulukazi ukubala ama-carbohydrate.
• Kubalulekile ukufunda amalebula okudla okunempilo ngokucophelela.
• Kubalulekile ukurekhoda nokuqapha njalo izinto ezifana namazinga kashukela egazini, amazinga e-HbA1c, kanye nesisindo somzimba.

Kanye nalezi zinto, ezinye izici eziningana zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni i-diabulimia:

• Isifiso esinamandla sokunciphisa isisindo.
• Izinkinga zesithombe somzimba.
• Ukucindezeleka kwesifo sikashukela.
• Kwamanye amasiko, umzimba "owondlekile" ubhekwa njengomuhle.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi abanalo ukwesekwa.
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukucindezeleka kanye nokukhathazeka.
• Uma ushukela wegazi wehla, kufanele udle.
• Ukucindezela kontanga.
• Uma uke waba nenkinga yokudla ngaphambili.
• Izehlakalo ezibuhlungu empilweni.
• Isifiso sokulawula okuthile empilweni.
• Ukukhuluphala ngemva kwesifo sikashukela kuqala ukutholakala bese kuqala ukwelashwa.

Uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe enalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela kulokhu?

I-Diabulimia ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo esikhathini esifushane neside.

Izinkinga zesikhashana

Iningi lalezi zibangelwa amazinga kashukela egazini ahlala ephakeme.

• I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA): Lokhu kungaba yingozi.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu.
• Ukupholisa amanxeba okulibaziseka.
• Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-Staph.
• Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs).
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha.

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside

Lezi yizinkinga ezivamile zesifo sikashukela, kodwa zingavela ngokushesha futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu kubantu abane-diabulimia.

• Isifo senhliziyo.
• Ukulimala kwemizwa emehlweni (i-Retinopathy) - Lokhu kungaholela ngisho nasekungaboni.
• Ukulimala kwemizwa ezithweni (i-Neuropathy) - Lokhu kungabangela ukungazweli, ubuhlungu, kanye nokulahlekelwa umuzwa ngisho nangemva kokulimala.
• I-Gastroparesis - Ukugaya ukudla okulibazisekile.
• Isifo sezinso - Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso ngisho nesidingo se-dialysis.
• Isifo sesibindi.

Lezi zinkinga zingaholela ekulalisweni esibhedlela njalo ngisho nasekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Izinkinga zokudla ngokuvamile kunzima ukuzixilonga ngoba zivame ukufihlwa. Abantu abaningi abanalezi zimo abazitholi bezofuna ukwelashwa. Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-diabulimia. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukwesaba ukusolwa odokotela babo noma imindeni yabo ngokungasiphathi kahle isifo sabo sikashukela.

Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu abaningi abane-diabulimia abatholakali benesifo sikashukela.

Uma umuntu oseduze nawe enezinga le-HbA1c elingu-9.0% noma ngaphezulu, noma uma evame ukuba ne-DKA ngaphandle kwencazelo ethile, ungase usole ukuthi une-diabulimia.

Njengoba kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eqondile yoshukela wegazi ophakeme njalo, ezimweni eziningi, ukuze abanye bazi ngalesi simo, umuntu ngokwakhe kumele avume ukuthi unciphisa ngamabomu ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Diabulimia? (Ukwelashwa)

Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-diabulimia yilezi:

• Ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngendlela efanele.
• Ukuphatha amazinga kashukela egazini kanye nesisindo somzimba ngendlela enempilo.
• Ukuvimbela izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside.
• Ukwelapha izinkinga zengqondo ezibangela i-diabulimia.

Inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo ivame ukusetshenziswa kulokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kanye/noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela: Uma unesifo esifana ne-DKA, kuzodingeka ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi welashwe. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-insulin ayinqunyelwe futhi kuqashwe ezinye izinkinga zokudla. Odokotela bangase batuse nokuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga.
• Ukwelapha ngengqondo (ukwelapha ngokukhuluma): Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ushintshe ukucabanga okunenkinga kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba aphindwe kabili noma kathathu okuba nokucindezeleka kanye namathuba angaba ngu-20% okuba nokukhathazeka. Ukwelapha ngengqondo kungasiza kulezi zimo. Futhi, ukukhuluma ngemizwa yakho ngesifo sikashukela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathala kwesifo sikashukela.
• Imfundo yokudla okunempilo kanye/noma ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela: Ukuqonda kahle isifo sikashukela kungakunika ukuzethemba kokusiphatha. Ungasebenzisana nochwepheshe we-Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) ukuze ufunde ngebhayoloji yesifo sikashukela kanye namasu okuphatha. Imfundo yokudla okunempilo ingakusiza ukuthi ushintshe izinkolelo ezimbi ngokudla okuthile (njengokuthi "ama-carbohydrate amabi") kanye nezinye izindlela zokudla ezingaphili kahle.
• Imithi yokulawula ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka: Uma kudingeka, udokotela angase akunikeze imithi yalokhu.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-diabulimia yisimo esinezici zomzimba nezengqondo, ukwelashwa kudinga usizo lwabahlinzeki bezempilo abahlukahlukene. Isibonelo:

• Ochwepheshe Abaqinisekisiwe Bokunakekelwa Kwesifo Sikashukela kanye Nemfundo (CDCES).
• Odokotela be-Endocrinologists - Odokotela abangochwepheshe kuma-hormone.
• Izazi zengqondo.
• Odokotela Bokudla Ababhalisiwe.

Yimaphi amathuba okululama kulesi simo? (Isibikezelo)

Umbono womuntu one-diabulimia uncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Isikhathi esingakanani isimo se-diabulimia sikhona.
• Ingakanani futhi kangaki i-insulin enqunyelwe.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona yini ezinye izindlela zokudla ezingahlelekile.
• Uhlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo nokuthi uzimisele kangakanani kulolo hlobo lokwelashwa.

I-Diabulimia ingaba yimbi kakhulu uma ingelashwa. Uma uthola usizo ngokushesha, umphumela uba ngcono. Kodwa ngokuvamile, abantu abane-diabulimia abavezi ukuthi banciphisa i-insulin yabo ngamabomu. Bangase benqabe ukwelashwa noma bangalandeli uhlelo lokwelashwa.

I-Diabulimia yisifo sokudla esingaba sibi kakhulu futhi sisongela ngisho nokuphila uma singelashwa. Nakuba abantu abanesifo sikashukela bengase babe nesikhathi sokuphila esifushane kancane kunabantu abaningi, abantu abane-diabulimia basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokufa ngaphambi kwalabo abanesifo sikashukela sodwa.

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-diabulimia iyisimo esingelapheka. Ukusekelwa ngabathandekayo kungaba usizo olukhulu ekugcineni umuntu onalesi simo ezinikele ekwelashweni.

Uma une-Diabulimia, uzinakekela kanjani? / Ungaluthola kanjani usizo?

Lokhu kungaba yinto enzima futhi eyesabekayo ukuyisho, kodwa uma une-diabulimia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela othile ngayo.

Uma usuvele utholakale une-diabulimia, hlala uzibophezele ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa:

• Thatha imithamo yakho ye-insulin enqunyiwe ngesikhathi.
• Uma uneminye imithi oyinikezwe udokotela, yithathe ngendlela efanele.
• Uma uthola ukwelashwa kokukhuluma, bonana nodokotela wakho wezifo zengqondo njalo.
• Cela ukwesekwa emndenini nakubangani.
• Cabanga ngokujoyina amaqembu okusekela abantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye/noma i-diabulimia.
• Gwema izinto ezingabangela ukuziphatha kwe-diabulimia (njengezinkundla zokuxhumana).
• Bona udokotela wakho njalo.
• Yiba nomusa kuwe. Cabanga ngawe.

Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 siyinkinga enzima, kunzima ukuyiphatha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sinzima kakhulu. Kodwa yazi ukuthi awuwedwa - wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela unezinkinga empilweni. Kodwa i-diabulimia yisimo esibucayi esingaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuphula lo mjikelezo omubi nokuphila impilo enempilo ukucela usizo. Odokotela bakho nabathandekayo bakho balapha ukuzokusiza.

Amaphuzu amafushane okufanele uwakhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Diabulimia yisimo esibi lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 enciphisa khona ngamabomu ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ukuze ehlise isisindo.
• Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga zempilo ezinkulu, ezisongela ngisho nokuphila, zesikhashana nezesikhathi eside.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyikhomba kusenesikhathi futhi uthole ukwelashwa okuphelele okuhlanganisa izici zezokwelapha, ezengqondo nezokudla okunempilo.
• Ukusekelwa komndeni nabangane kubalulekile kulolu hambo.
• Uma unenkinga efana nale, ungesabi ukucela usizo. Awuwedwa.

I- Diabulimia, Isifo Sikashukela, Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 1, I-Insulin, Isifo Sokudla, Isifo Sokudla, Ukwehla Kwesisindo, Impilo Yengqondo