Ingabe nawe uzizwa sengathi awuyena wena? Ake sixoxe ngalezi (Izinkinga Zokuhlukana)!

Wake wazizwa sengathi izwe ohlala kulo alikho ngempela? Noma sengathi uzibuka ungaphandle komzimba wakho? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukhohlwa ngisho nezinto ezibalulekile? Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zinto njalo, ungase ube nesifo sokuhlukanisa . Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Yiziphi lezi zinkinga zokuzihlukanisa?

Kalula nje, ukuphazamiseka kokuzihlukanisa uhlobo lwenkinga yempilo yengqondo. Kulapho uzizwa ungaxhumekile eqinisweni lakho, emzimbeni wakho, noma ezinkumbulo zakho. Igama elithi "ukuzihlukanisa" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ukuhlukana." Kusho ukuthi uzizwa ungaxhumekile futhi ungaxhumekile nabanye abantu, ezweni elikuzungezile, noma ngisho nawe uqobo.

Ngokuvamile lezi zimo zivela ngenxa yokushaqeka okukhulu kwesikhathi esifushane noma eside ('ukuhlukunyezwa') okuye kwabhekana nakho esikhathini esithile empilweni. Cabanga ngakho njengendlela yokuvikela ingqondo. Okusho ukuthi, lapho kwenzeka ukushaqeka okungabekezeleleki, ingqondo 'iyahlukana' okwesikhashana ukuze isuse ubuhlungu. Kodwa kuba yinkinga uma lokhu kuqhubeka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinkinga zokuzihlukanisa?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezifo ezihlukanisayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. Isifo Sokuhlukaniswa Kobuntu (DID)

Yilokhu abanye abantu abakubiza ngokuthi “ubuntu obuningi.” Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umuntu ofanayo unezimpawu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukile . Sibiza lezi zimpawu ngokuthi “ziyashintsha.” “Ushintsho” ngalunye lulawula ukuziphatha komuntu ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Cabanga ngakho kungabi ngumuntu ofanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kwesinye. “Ushintsho” ngalunye lungaba nomlando walo ohlukile, izici, izinto ozithandayo nezingathandeki. Kufana nokuba nabantu abaningi ngaphakathi komzimba owodwa.

2. Ukukhohlwa Okuhlukanisayo

Kulesi simo , ulahlekelwa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuphila kwakho. Lokhu kukhohlwa kungase kukhawulelwe esenzakalweni esithile empilweni yakho. Noma ungase ukhohlwe ingxenye enkulu yendaba yakho yokuphila, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuthi ungubani.

3. Isifo Sokungabonisi Ubuntu/Ukungabi Nandaba

Ungaba nakho kokubili kulokhu, noma ungaba nakho okukodwa.

• Ukungabi ngumuntu siqu: Yilapho uzizwa uhlukene nengqondo yakho, imizwa yakho, nomzimba wakho. Kufana nokuthi ubuka impilo yakho ngaphandle, njengokungathi ubuka i-movie.
• Ukungaqondi: Yilapho uzizwa sengathi indawo ezungezile, abantu, nezinto ezikuzungezile azikho ngokoqobo. Konke kungase kubonakale njengephupho, kufiphele.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu , i-dissociative fugueKukhona futhi uphawu olubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhohlisa." Luhilela ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo okwesikhashana nokuba sendaweni engacabangeki ngaphandle kwemicabango.

Ngenxa yokuthi izifo ezihlukanisayo ziyisimo esihlobene nokuhlukumezeka, abantu abaningi abanalezi zimo bangase babe nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Isibonelo:

• Isifo Sokucindezeleka Ngemva Kokushaqeka (PTSD)
• Isifo Sobuntu Esibangelwa Yimingcele (BPD)
• Izinkinga Zokusebenzisa Izidakamizwa
• Ukucindezeleka
• Izinkinga Zokukhathazeka

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilezi zimo?

Izinkinga zokuzihlukanisa zingathinta abantu banoma yimuphi ubudala, uhlanga, noma isimo sezomnotho, kodwa kubikwa ukuthi zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane .

Abantu abaye bahlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi beseyizingane basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sokuzihlukanisa (DID). Emazweni afana ne-United States, i-Canada, ne-Europe, kutholakale ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-90% abane-DID babehlukunyezwa futhi benganakwa beseyizingane.

Zivame kangakanani izifo zokuzihlukanisa?

Lezi zimo empeleni azivamile. Isibonelo, cishe u-2% wabantu baseMelika banalezi zinkinga.

Ziyini izimpawu zezifo ezihlukanisayo?

Lezi zimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu. Lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka futhi ziphazamise imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Izimpawu zesifo sokuzihlukanisa (`DID`):

Umuntu one-`DID` unezici ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukile. Isici 'esiyinhloko' ubuntu obujwayelekile bomuntu. `Izinguquko' ubuntu obuhlukile bomuntu.

`(alter)` ngayinye inezindlela zayo zokuziphatha ezihlukile, izimo zengqondo, izifiso, izinkumbulo, kanye nezindlela zokucabanga. Abanye bangase bakwazi ukubona umehluko phakathi kwalezi `(alter)`, kanye nomehluko phakathi komuntu one-`DID`. Ukuguquka kusuka komunye `(alter)` kuya komunye kwenzeka ngokungazi nangokuzumayo.

Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile se-DID ukukhohlwa okuqhubekayo ngezenzakalo zansuku zonke, imininingwane yomuntu siqu, kanye/noma izenzakalo ezibuhlungu zesikhathi esidlule . Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zibe zincane kwabanye abantu, zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yabanye.

Izimpawu ze-Dissociative Amnesia:

Uphawu oluyinhloko yizigameko eziphuthumayo ze-amnesia , ezingahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo:

• Okusendaweni: Ukukhohlwa isenzakalo noma isikhathi esithile (lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu).
• Okukhethiwe:Kuphela imininingwane ethile yezenzakalo ezenzeka phakathi nesikhathi esithile ekhohliwe.
• Okujwayelekile: Ulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakho kanye nendaba yokuphila kwakho (lolu uhlobo olungavamile).

Ungase ungazi ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakho, noma ungase ube nokwazi okuncane kakhulu ngakho. Kodwa labo abaseduze nawe bavame ukukubona lokhu kulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.

Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kokungazazisi/Ukungabi Nandaba:

Kulesi simo, okunye noma kokubili kwalokhu okulandelayo kwenzeka ngendlela ephindaphindayo isikhathi eside:

• Ukuzihlukanisa nabanye: Umuzwa wokuzihlukanisa nengqondo yakho, umzimba, noma wena, futhi ungathintani neqiniso. Njengokungathi ubuka impilo yakho nemicimbi yakho ukude, awuhlanganyeli ngenkuthalo.
• Ukungaqondi: Umuzwa wokuhlukaniswa nendawo okuzungezile nangaphandle kweqiniso. Abantu nezinto kungase kubonakale kungeyona into engokoqobo.

Phakathi nalezi zenzakalo, uyazi indawo okuyo, futhi uyazi ukuthi lokho obhekene nakho akuvamile.

Lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingaqala ebuntwaneni. Isilinganiso sobudala sokuqala sineminyaka eyi-16. Abantu abangaphansi kuka-20% abanalesi simo baba nesiqephu sabo sokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engama-20.

Yiziphi izimbangela zezinkinga zokuzihlukanisa?

Izinkinga zokuzihlukanisa zivame ukwenzeka njengendlela yokubhekana nesenzakalo esicindezelayo noma ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma ukuhlukumezeka .

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma lezi zenzakalo zenzeka zisencane, lapho izingane zisencane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngaleso sikhathi, ikhono lomntwana lokuqonda okwenzekayo lilinganiselwe. Futhi, izindlela zokubhekana nenkinga azikathuthukiswa ngokugcwele. Usizo nokusekelwa kutholakala kuphela uma kunabantu abadala abanomthwalo wemfanelo nabanolwazi.

'Ukuzihlukanisa' ngokwengqondo nesimo esibuhlungu kungaba yindlela yokuzivikela yesikhashana ekusiza ukuba ubalekele ubuhlungu. Kodwa uma le ndlela yokuzivikela iqhubeka nokukuhlukanisa neqiniso, isula sonke isikhathi enkumbulweni yakho, khona-ke iba yinkinga.

Izibonelo zezimo ezibuhlungu:

• Ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, noma ngokocansi okuphindaphindiwe
• Ingozi
• Inhlekelele yemvelo
• Izingxabano zempi
• Ukuba yisisulu sobugebengu

Muva nje, ososayensi bebehlola izakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi ethile yobuchopho ehlobene nokuhlukana. Abakutholile ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlukana, izingxenye zobuchopho ezingaphakathi ebuchosheni ezihlotshaniswa nenkumbulo zibonisa umsebenzi othile onesigqi, kuyilapho ukuxhumana nezinye izingxenye eziphethe ukucabanga nokuhlela kubonakala kulahlekile .

Ungazibona kanjani izinkinga zokuzihlukanisa?

Odokotela baxilonga izifo ezihlukanisayo ngokuhlola ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho.

Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izimo zomzimba ezingase zibangele lezi zimpawu (isib., ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo). Isibonelo:

• Ukulimala ekhanda
• Izimila zobuchopho
• Ukungalali kahle
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye/noma utshwala

Uma usuzisusile izimbangela zomzimba, cishe uzothunyelwa kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, ozokwenza ukuxilongwa ngezingxoxo zomtholampilo kanye nokubuka.

Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bahlukanisa futhi baxilonge izifo ezihlukanisayo besebenzisa izindlela ezivela ku-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

Izinkinga zokuzihlukanisa ziphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwezinkinga zokuzihlukanisa yi -psychotherapy, noma i-talk therapy. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uphathe inqubo nezimpawu zokuzihlukanisa.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kunikezwa uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo oqeqeshwe futhi onelayisensi, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Kukunikeza wena kanye/noma umndeni wakho ukwesekwa, imfundo, kanye nesiqondiso ukuze kukusize ubhekane nokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi uthuthukise inhlalakahle yakho yengqondo.

Nazi ezinye zezindlela ze-psychotherapy ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinkingeni zokuzihlukanisa:

• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lolu uhlobo oluhlelekile noluqondiwe lwe-psychotherapy. Umeluleki wakho uyakusiza ukuthi ubheke ngokujulile imicabango nemizwa yakho. Nge-CBT, ungafunda ukuyeka imicabango nokuziphatha okungekuhle futhi uthuthukise amaphethini nemikhuba yokucabanga enempilo.
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokukhuluma (i-DBT): I-DBT yenzelwe ngqo abantu ababhekana nemizwa enamandla. Umgomo oyinhloko ukulinganisela ukuqinisekiswa kokuthi ungubani nokuthi yiziphi izinselele zakho nezinzuzo zoshintsho. Umeluleki wakho uzokusiza ufunde amakhono amasha okuthuthukisa ikhono lakho lokulawula imizwa yakho.

Inqubo yokwelapha ingaba nzima, njengoba ihilela ukukhumbula izehlakalo ezibuhlungu zesikhathi esidlule nokufunda ukubhekana nazo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingakunikeza impumuzo ebalulekile ezimpawini zakho .

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza:

• I-Hypnosis (`I-Hypnosis` / `I-Hypnotherapy`):I-hypnosis isimo sokuphumula okujulile nokugxila kakhulu. Uma usesimweni sokungazi lutho, lokhu kugxila kakhulu kukuvumela ukuthi ungazinaki iziphazamiso ezivamile futhi uvulekele kakhudlwana eziphakamisweni ezingakuqondisa ukuthi wenze izinguquko ukuze uthuthukise impilo yakho.
• Ukususa Ukunyakaza Kwamehlo Nokucutshungulwa Kabusha (ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR): Lokhu kuhilela ukuhambisa amehlo akho ngezindlela ezithile ngenkathi ucubungula izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu. Umgomo we-EMDR ukukusiza ukuthi ululame ekuhluphekeni noma kwezinye izinto ezicindezelayo zokuphila. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, i-EMDR iyindlela entsha kakhulu.

Ayikho imithi ethile yezifo ezihlukanisayo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi, njengemithi yokucindezeleka, yokwelapha ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo ezingaba khona.

Ikusasa liphetheni ngomuntu onesifo sokuhlukanisa?

Isibikezelo somuntu onesifo sokuhlukanisa singahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu.

Ngokwelashwa kochwepheshe (ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kwengqondo), abantu abaningi abanesifo sokuhlukanisa bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo eziyinhloko futhi basebenze kahle empilweni yansuku zonke.

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abanesifo sokungaziphathi kahle (DID), lesi simo singasongela impilo. Imizamo yokuzibulala nokuzilimaza ivamile kubantu abane-DID. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-70% abane-DID bazama ukuzibulala.

Uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe ecabanga ukuzibulala, sicela ushayele i-National Mental Health Helpline ku-1926. Kukhona umuntu otholakala amahora angama-24 ngosuku ukukusiza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uzizwa sengathi unezimpawu zesifo sokuhlukanisa, khuluma nodokotela noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ngokushesha.

Njenganoma yisiphi isimo sempilo yengqondo, ukufuna usizo ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu zivela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka empilweni yakho. Uma unezimpawu zokuhlukana, khuluma nodokotela. Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bangakunikeza izinhlelo zokwelapha ukuze bakusize uphathe isimo sakho.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya Ovela Kulokho Esikushilo

Kulungile, ngakho ake sikukhumbuze amanye amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho.

• Izinkinga zokuzihlukanisa ziyisimo sengqondo esingase senzeke ngenxa yokulimala okukhulu .
• Uphawu oluyisisekelo ukuthi uzizwa ungaxhunyiwe kuwe, ezinkumbulo zakho, noma ezweni ohlala kulo .
• Isifo sokuzihlukanisa (DID), ukukhohlwa okungafani, kanye nesifo sokungabi namuntu/ukungabi naqiniso yizona zinhlobo eziyinhloko.
• Lezi zimo azivamile, kodwa zikhona izindlela zokwelapha.
• Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukwelashwa kwengqondo.
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi noma ube namahloni okufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola usizo ngokushesha.
• Awuwedwa. Baningi abantu ababhekene nalezi zimo, futhi bakhona abangakusiza.

Khumbula, ukuqaphela lesi simo, ukukhuluma ngaso, nokufuna usizo kuyizinyathelo ezinkulu zokubuyisa ukulawula impilo yakho.

Izinkinga Zokuhlukana, Impilo Yengqondo, Ukulimala, Ukulahlekelwa Yinkumbulo, Ukwelashwa Ngengqondo, I-DID, Ukungabi Namuntu