Uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo muva nje? Noma ingabe uke wafakwa i-stent emthanjeni wegazi enhliziyweni yakho? Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukunike izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi. Omunye kungaba yi-aspirin. Omunye kungaba yiphilisi elinegama elihlukile. Ngakho-ke ungase uzibuze, "Kungani nginikwa imithi emibili ehlukene yesimo esifanayo?" Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Namuhla, sikhuluma nge-DAPT, noma i-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy, okuwukwelashwa okubalulekile nokusindisa impilo kwabaningi kini.
Kuyini i-DAPT? Ake sikuqonde kalula.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukwazi okuncane ngegazi lethu. Igazi lethu liqukethe amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, kanye nezinye izingcezu ezincane zamangqamuzana. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi
ama-platelet . Umsebenzi oyinhloko wala
ma-platelet ukuyeka ukopha lapho kukhona ukulimala endaweni ethile emzimbeni wethu, bese egijimela endaweni, anamathele ndawonye, bese enza i-mesh ukuvimba ukopha. Kufana nokufaka i-plaster ngokushesha epayipini eliphukile. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi
ukujiya kwegazi . Lena inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ekusindiseni izimpilo zethu. Kodwa-ke, inkinga iqala lapho lokhu kujiya kwegazi kungafanele kwenzeke khona, okungukuthi, uma kwenzeka ngaphakathi komunye wemithambo yethu yegazi. Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma i-blood clot ikhula emthanjeni othwala igazi enhliziyweni? Lowo mthambo wegazi uvaleka, uvimba ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni futhi ubangele
ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (i-Myocardial Infarction) . Futhi, uma leli qhubu legazi liya ebuchosheni, lingabangela
isifo sohlangothi . Ngakho-ke,
i-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) iyindlela yokwelapha evimba lawo maqhubu egazi ayingozi ukuthi akheke ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Kulokhu, izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi
"i-Antiplatelet" zinikezwa ndawonye. I-Antiplatelet umuthi ovimbela ama-platelet ukuthi anamathele ndawonye, okusho ukuthi uvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi. Igama elithi "Dual" lisho okubili. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy ngoba izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi zinikezwa ndawonye.
Ubani odinga lolu hlobo lokwelashwa kwe-DAPT?
Odokotela abanikezi wonke umuntu lokhu kwelashwa. Kunikezwa kuphela abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola amahlule egazi emithanjeni yabo. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunikezwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
| Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|
| Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo | Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwehlule legazi futhi kubangele okunye ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kumuntu oke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. |
| Ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma i-TIA | Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ukuvimbela ukuphinda kwesifo sohlangothi ngemva kwesifo sohlangothi esibangelwa ukujiya kwegazi emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni. I-TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) yisimo esifana nesifo sohlangothi esincane. |
| Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-stent | I-stent iyipayipi elincane eline-mesh elifakwa emthanjeni wegazi ovalekile enhliziyweni ukuze lihlale livulekile. Kunengozi enkulu yokuthi kwakheke amahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwale stent. I-DAPT iyadingeka ngempela ukuvimbela lokhu. |
| Ngemva kwe-Angioplasty | Lokhu kuhilela ukwandisa umthambo wegazi ovalekile ngokufutha into efana nebhaluni. Kusenengozi yokuthi amahlule egazi akheke ngemva kwalokhu. |
| Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass | Ngisho nangemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, okudlula imithambo yegazi evalekile enhliziyweni bese kufakelwa imithambo yegazi emisha, kunezikhathi lapho lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa khona ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi kuleyo mithambo emisha. |
Yimiphi imithi enikezwa i-DAPT?
Sithi izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi zinikezwa ndawonye ekwelashweni kwe-DAPT. Lezo zinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yilezi: 1.
I-Aspirin: Lona umuthi abaningi kini abake bezwa ngawo. Nakuba uvame ukusetshenziswa ngemithamo ephezulu njengomuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu, unikezwa ngemithamo ephansi kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ezigulini zenhliziyo. 2.
Umuthi eqenjini le-P2Y12 Inhibitor: Lona umuthi wesibili. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi ezikuleli qembu.
- I-Clopidogrel
- I-Prasugrel
- I-Ticagrelor
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi kule mithi emithathu okufanele akunike wona nokuthi uzowusebenzisa kanjani.Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njengesimo sakho sezempilo, ubudala, nokuthi unezinye izimo zezempilo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa kwe-DAPT?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, ukwelashwa kwe-DAPT kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela kokubili.
| Inzuzo eyinhloko | Ingozi Eyinhloko |
|---|
| Ukusindisa izimpilo: Ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi okungaba yingozi incishiswa kakhulu. Lena inzuzo enkulu nebaluleke kakhulu yalokhu kwelashwa. | Ingozi yokopha: Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ivimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi, ingalibaziseka ezindaweni lapho kuvame ukuba khona amahlule egazi futhi kumise ukopha. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokopha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile . |
Okunye okwengeziwe ngengozi yokopha...
Ungesabi uma uzwa "ingozi yokopha." Lokhu kungasho noma yini kusukela ezintweni ezincane kuya ezintweni ezingathi sína.
- Ukopha okuncane: Ukopha izinsini ngenkathi uxubha amazinyo, ukopha ekhaleni, kanye nokuphenduka kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala okuncane kuyinto evamile.
- Ukopha okukhulu: Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, ukopha esiswini noma emathunjini ( ukopha esiswini) kungenzeka. Lokhu kungabangela igazi esitulweni noma kwenze indle ibe mnyama. Okungavamile kakhulu, ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho kungenzeka.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi udokotela wakho ukunikeze lokhu kwelashwa ngoba uhlole ukuthi ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi inkulu kakhulu kunengozi yokopha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nokusebenzisana neminye imithi
Abanye abantu abasebenzisa i-DAPT bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane.
Futhi, uma uthatha i-DAPT, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngeminye imithi oyithathayo. Ngoba eminye imithi ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-DAPT. Qaphela kakhulu ngale mithi.
- Eminye imithi yokunciphisa igazi ( Ama-Anticoagulant ): Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-Warfarin, ingozi yokopha iphezulu kakhulu.
- Ama-Painkiller (ama-NSAID): Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwemithi efana ne-Ibuprofen ne-Diclofenac kungandisa ingozi yokopha esiswini.
- Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka (Ama-Antidepressants).
- Imithi yokwelapha i-gastritis (Proton Pump Inhibitors): Imithi efana ne-Omeprazole.
Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa
ukutshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuphuzayo, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yendabuko.
Ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
Lokhu kuyinkinga nakubantu abaningi. Ubude besikhathi sokuthatha i-DAPT abufani kubo bonke. Kuhlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.
- Abanye abantu bangayinikeza isikhathi esifushane, njengenyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili.
- Abantu abaningi kufanele baphuze unyaka noma ngaphezulu.
- Ngisho nangemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa kwe-DAPT, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uthathe i-aspirin kuphela impilo yakho yonke.
Lesi sikhathi sinqunywa udokotela wakho. Kunezici eziningana ezisithintayo:
- Kwakuyini isizathu sokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa i-DAPT (ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo? Ngoba kwafakwa i-stent?).
- Ubudala bakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Unengozi engakanani yokopha?
- Ingozi yokuba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi esikhathini esizayo.
Yini okufanele uyenze ukuze uzivikele lapho uthatha i-DAPT?
Kudingeka futhi ucabange ngokuphepha kwakho ngenkathi uthatha lolu hlobo lokwelashwa. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula ongazenza ukuze usize.
- Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi: Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile, ngaphandle kokweqa noma yiziphi izinsuku . Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, ungabangela ukwakheka kwehlule legazi. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
- Gqoka ikhadi le-ID yezokwelapha:Uma kungenzeka, phatha njalo isongo noma ikhadi elibhalwe ukuthi uthatha i-DAPT. Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, lokhu kuzosiza labo abakwelaphayo bazi ukuthi uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
- Tshela bonke odokotela bakho: Ngisho noma uzobona udokotela wamazinyo noma uzohlinzwa okunye, kufanele ubatshele ukuthi uthatha i-DAPT, njengoba okunye ukuhlinzwa kudinga ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha lo muthi.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kungaba uphawu lokopha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ungalibali bese
ushayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma
uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Izimpawu zokopha ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo
| ⚫ | Indle emnyama noma enegazi. |
| 🤮 | Ukuhlanza igazi (njengokugayiwa kwekhofi noma umbala obomvu/onsundu). |
| 🤕 | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, elisheshayo |
| 😵 | Ukuzizwa sengathi usuzolahlekelwa ingqondo. |
| 😖 | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu . |
| ❓ | Ukudideka . |
| 😮💨 | Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba. |
Futhi, uma usola ukuthi uphuze imithi eminingi kakhulu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho,Ungashayela
neNational Poison Information Center eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-DAPT iyinhlanganisela yemithi emibili evimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo ekuvikela ezimweni ezimbi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
- Ingozi enkulu yalokhu kwelashwa ukopha okwengeziwe, ngakho-ke ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuyeka ukopha.
- Thatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalile, ngaphandle kokweqa ngisho nosuku olulodwa. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma uzobona udokotela wamazinyo noma uzohlinzwa okunye.
- Uma unendle emnyama, uhlanza igazi, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
I-DAPT, Ukwelashwa Okubili Kwe-Antiplatelet, ukujiya kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, i-stent, i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, i-Clopidogrel, isifo senhliziyo, imithi yokunciphisa igazi
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