Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awuzizwa kahle, ukhathele, noma unesizungu? Cishe uke wezwa udokotela ethi, "Masenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi." Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubaluleke kakhulu okwenziwa ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi kubizwa ngokuthi iphaneli ye-electrolyte. Nakuba igama lizwakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, empeleni lilula impela. Ake sibheke ukuthi lifunani nokuthi kungani lenziwa.
Ngakho-ke iyini le Electrolyte Panel?
Kalula nje, lokhu ukuhlolwa okuthatha isampula yegazi lakho. Kubheka kakhulu amazinga amaminerali athile abizwa ngokuthi ama-electrolyte egazini lakho.
Cabanga ngomzimba wethu njengebhethri lemoto. Ukuze ibhethri lisebenze kahle, kudingeka libe nenani elifanele lamanzi ane-asidi ngaphakathi kwalo. Ngokufanayo, ukuze konke okusemzimbeni wethu, njengemizwa, imisipha, inhliziyo, kanye nobuchopho, kusebenze kahle, lawa ma-electrolyte kudingeka abe khona ngenani elifanele. Uma lawa ephakeme kakhulu noma ephansi kakhulu, sikubiza ngokuthi ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte . Yilokho okufunwa yilolu vivinyo.
Kungani udokotela angancoma lolu vivinyo?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase ancome lokhu kuhlolwa.
- Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo okuvamile: Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwezimpawu, lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwempilo kwaminyaka yonke.
- Thola isimo sempilo: Hlola ukuthi izimpawu zakho (isib. ukukhathala, isiyezi, ukuhlanza, ukushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo) zibangelwa ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte.
- Qapha imiphumela yokwelashwa: Uma usuvele welashwa ngokungalingani kwama-electrolyte, lokhu kuhlolwa kungaphindwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele yini.
Izimbangela zokushintsha kwe-electrolyte
Amazinga e-electrolyte anganda noma anciphe, ikakhulukazi uma unezimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo:
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi, njengohudo, ukuhlanza, noma ukujuluka ngokweqile.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela esingalawuleki.
- Isifo sezinso: Izinso zilawula izinga likasawoti emzimbeni. Lokhu kulinganisela kuyalahleka kumuntu onezinkinga zezinso.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Ngenxa yezinye izifo zenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Isifo sesibindi: Ezifweni zesibindi ezifana ne-cirrhosis.
- Ukusha: Ukusha okukhulu kubangela ukulahleka koketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
- Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokweqile: Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kunokudingekile.
- Eminye imithi:Ngenxa yemithi efana namanye ama-antibiotic, ama-diuretics (imithi ekhulisa ukuphuma komchamo emzimbeni), kanye nama-corticosteroids.
Yimaphi ama-electrolyte ayinhloko ahlolwe kulolu vivinyo?
Lezi yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaminerali kanye nemisebenzi yawo ebhekwa ku-Electrolyte Panel.
| Uhlobo lwe-Electrolyte | Indima yomzimba (ngamagama alula) |
|---|---|
| I-Sodium | Ilawula amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni. Ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha. |
| I-Potassium | Kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo, imizwa kanye nemisipha. Kuphinde kusize ekuguquleni ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla. |
| I-Chloride | Kusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi onempilo kanye namazinga oketshezi lomzimba enempilo. |
| I-Bicarbonate | Igcina ibhalansi ye-acid-base yegazi futhi isiza nokususa i-carbon dioxide emzimbeni. |
| I-calcium | Kuyadingeka ukugcina amathambo nemisipha, uhlelo lwezinzwa, kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi kuqinile. |
| I-Magnesium | Kuyasiza ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha. Kuyadingeka nasekukhuleni kwamathambo namazinyo. |
| I-Phosphate | Kusiza ekwakheni amazinyo namathambo anempilo. Kubalulekile futhi ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha. |
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Akudingi noma yikuphi ukulungiselela okukhethekile.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza amanzi amaningi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze igazi likwazi ukukhishwa kalula emithanjeni.
- Gwema ukubhema: Gwema ukubhema (kufaka phakathi ukuvapha igazi) ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. I-Nicotine ivimba imithambo yegazi, okungenza kube nzima ukuthola umthambo.
- Tshela umuntu omesabayo: Uma wesaba izinaliti noma ubona igazi, mtshele kusenesikhathi. Zizokusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.
Ngokuvamile, akudingeki uzile ukudla ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma isampula yegazi lakho lihlolwa ezinye izinto, njenge-cholesterol noma ushukela wegazi, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uzile ukudla. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Kwenzekani uma kudonswa igazi?
Lokhu kuyinto elula engaqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa.
1. Umuntu okhipha igazi (i-phlebotomist) uzofuna umthambo ongafinyeleleka kalula engalweni yakho.
2. Ngezinye izikhathi, kufakwa ibhande lerabha engalweni engenhla bese liqiniswa ukuze imithambo ivele.
3. Uma umthambo usutholakele, indawo ihlanzwa ngesibulali-magciwane.
4. Bese kufakwa inaliti encane emthanjeni. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokuhlaba ngalesi sikhathi.
5. Inani legazi elidingekayo ekuhlolweni liqoqwa ebhodleleni elincane (ithubhu lokuhlola).
6. Susa uhlamvu bese ubeka ucezu lwekotini phezu kwendawo ephuma igazi bese ulucindezela phansi.
7. Ekugcineni, kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokunikela ngegazi?
Indawo lapho kubhoboke khona ingase ivuvuke kancane futhi ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kuzophola ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukusiza inxeba ukuthi liphilise ngokushesha:
- Beka iphakethe leqhwa eligoqwe ngendwangu phezu kweplasta.
- Uma ubuhlungu, cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akunike umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu ofanele.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima amahora angama-24 ngemva kokunikela ngegazi.
Lokhu kuhlolwa okuphephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nomfutho wegazi ophansi, isiyezi, noma isicanucanu lapho benikela ngegazi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, tshela umuntu othatha igazi ngokushesha.
Uyiqonda kanjani imiphumela yalolu vivinyo?
Kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi isampula yegazi ithunyelwe elabhorethri bese imiphumela ibuye. Uma imiphumela isifikile, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela yona.
Ngokuvamile kunezigaba ezijwayelekile zamazinga e-electrolyte. Kodwa-ke, lezi zigaba zingahluka kancane kuye ngeminyaka yakho, ubulili, izimo zezokwelapha ezikhona kakade, kanye nelebhu eyenza ukuhlolwa.
| Uhlobo lwe-Electrolyte | Ibanga Elijwayelekile Elijwayelekile |
|---|---|
| I-Sodium | 135 - 145 mmol/L |
| I-Potassium | 3.6 - 5.5 mmol/L |
| I-calcium | 8.8 - 10.7 mg/dL (kwabantu abadala) |
| I-Chloride | 97 - 105 mmol/L |
| I-Magnesium | 1.5 - 2.6 mg/dL |
| I-Phosphate | 3.4 - 4.5 mg/dL |
| I-Bicarbonate | 22 - 29 mmol/L |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Ungasheshi ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokusekelwe kulezi zindinganiso. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongachaza kahle lo mbiko futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngokufanele.
Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo uma imiphumela ingavamile?
Ukuthi inani embikweni lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile akusho ukuthi unenkinga enkulu. Ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nomlando wezempilo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuningana okwengeziwe.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhala se-anion: Lokhu kusebenzisa amanani avela embikweni wakho we-electrolyte ukukala umehluko phakathi kwama-electrolyte ashajwe kahle kanye nalawo ashajwe kabi. Uma lo mehluko (isikhala) uphakeme kakhulu noma uphansi kakhulu, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga ngamaphaphu akho, izinso, noma ezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegesi egazini: Lokhu kulinganisa umoya-mpilo, i-carbon dioxide, kanye ne-asidi egazini. Lokhu kusiza ekutholeni imbangela yokungalingani kwe-asidi-base.
Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte, i-BMP, kanye ne-CMP... Uyini umehluko?
Cishe usuke wezwa wonke la magama amathathu. Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlobene, kodwa kunomehluko omncane.
- Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte: Lokhu kubheka kuphela amazinga e-electrolyte esikhulume ngawo.
- Iphaneli Eyisisekelo Ye-Metabolic (BMP): Lokhu kuhlola amazinga e-electrolyte, ukusebenza kwezinso (i-creatinine, i-nitrogen ye-urea egazini - i-BUN), kanye namazinga kashukela egazini, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
- Iphaneli Ephelele Ye-Metabolic (CMP): Lokhu kunemininingwane eminingi kune-BMP. Ngaphezu kwalokho okungenhla, kubheka nezinto ezifana nama-enzyme esibindi kanye namazinga amaprotheni egazi.
Kalula nje, i-BMP kanye ne-CMP yizivivinyo ezimbili ezibanzi ezifaka phakathi i-Electrolyte Panel. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi ukuhlolwa okudingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa njalo futhi okubaluleke kakhulu okuhlola amazinga amaminerali abalulekile emzimbeni.
- Lokhu kusiza ukuhlonza izimo ezifana nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, isifo sikashukela, nesifo sezinso nokuqapha ukwelashwa.
- Inqubo yokunikela ngegazi ilula kakhulu futhi iphephile. Ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Ungesabi noma uzihlole ngemva kokubona amanani emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nombiko wakho, umuntu ongcono kakhulu futhi okuwukuphela kwakhe ongakhuluma naye ngawo ngokucacile udokotela wakho.Kuphela.
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