Kuyini iSomatostatin? Ake sifunde ngale hormone emangalisayo emizimbeni yethu!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesithunywa samakhemikhali esingavamile nesibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Igama laso yi-somatostatin. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa ubuwazi, lisiza ekulawuleni izinto eziningi emizimbeni yethu, njengongqondongqondo oyimfihlo. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini i-somatostatin, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi ibaluleke kangakanani empilweni yethu.

Iyini ngempela iSomatostatin?

Kalula nje, i-somatostatin iyi -hormone ekhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ayini 'ama-hormone'. Kulula kakhulu. Ama-hormone angamakhemikhali athwala imiyalezo phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Afana 'nabathumeli' emizimbeni yethu. Le miyalezo itshela izitho zethu, isikhumba, kanye nemisipha ukuba zenze okuthile noma ziyeke ukwenza okuthile.

Ngakho-ke, le hormone ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatin imisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwamanye ama-hormone, ilawula eminye imisebenzi ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla (indlela yokugaya ukudla (i-GI), futhi ilawula nokuhlukana okusheshayo kwamaseli (ikakhulukazi amaseli omdlavuza). Kufana nephoyisa lomgwaqo, lapho into iba nkulu kakhulu, linikeza isignali, "Kulungile, kulungile, yeka manje."

Ikhiqizwa kuphi le somatostatin?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi le hormone emangalisayo ye-somatostatin ikhiqizwa kuphi emizimbeni yethu. Empeleni ikhiqizwa ezindaweni eziningana:

• Indlela yokugaya ukudla (GI): Lolu uhlelo lwezitho olufana nethubhu olude olusuka emlonyeni luye endunu olusisiza ukugaya ukudla esikudlayo. Yilapho amathumbu akho afanele khona.
• I-Pancreas: Lena yindlala etholakala esiswini sethu. Indlala iyisitho esikhiqiza amakhemikhali athile. I-pancreas ikhiqiza ama-enzyme asiza ekugayeni ukudla, kanye nama-hormone abalulekile njenge -insulin ne -glucagon .
• I-Hypothalamus: Lokhu kutholakala ebuchosheni bethu. Kufana 'nesikhungo sokulawula' somzimba wethu. Kusiza ekugcineni i-homeostasis (okungukuthi, ukugcina indawo yangaphakathi ezinzile). Kuphinde kunikeze imiyalo ku-pituitary gland, etholakala ngaphansi kwe-hypothalamus, ukuthi ikhiphe ama-hormone athile.
• Isistimu Yezinzwa Ephakathi (CNS): Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla. Kungalesi simiso sezinzwa lapho imiyalezo ithunyelwa khona isuka ebuchosheni iye emzimbeni wonke.

Amanye amagama e-somatostatin

I-Somatostatin yaziwa nangamanye amagama amaningana. Uma udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngelinye lala magama, cishe ubhekisela entweni efanayo:

• I-SS, i-SST noma i-SOM
• I-hormone yokuvimbela ukukhula (i-GHIH)
• Isici esivimbela ukukhululwa kwe-Somatotropin (i-SRIF)
• I-hormone evimbela ukukhululwa kwe-Somatotropin (i-SRIH)

Ingabe i-somatostatin nayo isetshenziswa njengomuthi?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa i-somatostatin yokwenziwa njengomuthi wokwelapha izifo ezithile. Isibonelo:

• Izifo ezithile zesisu
• I-Acromegaly yisimo esingavamile lapho umzimba ukhiqiza khona i-hormone yokukhula eningi kakhulu.
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-neuroendocrine tumors (ama-NET) .
• Ezinye izifo zesistimu ye-endocrine (okungukuthi, uhlelo lwe-glandular olukhiqiza ama-hormone).

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-hormone somatostatin?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko wale hormone ye-somatostatin uyini.

Kalula nje, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwamanye ama-hormone akhiqizwa uhlelo lwethu lwe-endocrine nokulawula ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo ethile evela ohlelweni lwe-exocrine.

'Uhlelo lwe-endocrine' lubhekisela ohlelweni olukhipha ama-hormone ezindlaleni ezisemzimbeni wethu ngqo egazini. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi indlala ye-thyroid, indlala ye-pituitary, kanye nezindlala ze-adrenal . 'Uhlelo lwe-exocrine' lubhekisela ohlelweni olukhipha imikhiqizo eyenziwe yizindlala ngomsele. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izindlala zamathe kanye nezindlala zokujuluka .

Ngakho-ke, njengokuvala impompi yamanzi, i-somatostatin imisa okwesikhashana ukugeleza kwama-hormone kanye nokukhishwa okungadingeki yimizimba yethu. Cabanga nje, uma ushiya nje impompi yamanzi ivuliwe, amanzi ayachithwa, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, uma umzimba ukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kunalawo owadingayo, kungavela izinkinga. I-Somatostatin iyakulawula lokho.

Enye into ukuthi i-somatostatin iyasiza nasekuvimbeleni amaseli ukuthi ahlukane ngokushesha okungajwayelekile, njengamaseli omdlavuza.

Isebenza futhi njenge -neurotransmitter ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi (i-CNS). I-neurotransmitter iyisithunywa samakhemikhali esikhishwa yiseli elilodwa lezinzwa (i-neuron) ukuze sithonye elinye iseli.

Indlela i-somatostatin ethinta ngayo izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu

Manje ake sibone ukuthi i-somatostatin ithinta kanjani ingxenye ngayinye yomzimba wethu:

• Ku-hypothalamus: I-Somatostatin imisa ukukhishwa kwama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland yethu, njenge -growth hormone , i-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , kanye ne -prolactin .
• Ku-pancreas: Lapha, i-insulin ,Ivimbela ukukhishwa kwama-hormone e-pancreatic njenge-glucagon ne -gastrin , futhi ilawula ukukhishwa kwama -enzyme e-pancreatic asiza ekugayeni ukudla.
• Esistimu yokugaya ukudla (i-GI tract): Inciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisu, okukhuthazwayo lapho sidla. Iphinde inciphise ukukhishwa kwama-hormone okugaya ukudla njenge -secretin ne -gastrin .
• Esimisweni sezinzwa esiyinhloko (CNS): Lapha, kunegalelo ekushintsheni indlela imiyalezo edluliselwa ngayo ngemizwa (neurotransmission) kanye nendlela izinkumbulo ezakheka ngayo.

Yini ebangela ukukhululwa kwe-somatostatin?

Kulungile, manje mhlawumbe uyazibuza, 'Ikhishwa kanjani le somatostatin? Yini eyibangelayo?' Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ososayensi abakaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi imizimba yethu ilawula kanjani ukukhishwa kwale somatostatin, nokuthi yiziphi izicubu ezibangela ukukhishwa kwayo. Kuze kube manje, kutholakale ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaseli namaprotheni ahlukene ahilelekile.

Ucwaningo olulodwa luveze ukuthi i-glucose , umthombo oyinhloko wamandla emzimbeni wethu, ayilawuli nje kuphela ukukhishwa kwe-somatostatin, kodwa futhi inegalelo ekukhiqizweni kwayo. Kulolo cwaningo, ososayensi baphawula ukuthi lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ephansi, i-insulin ivuselela ukukhishwa kwe-somatostatin (okungukuthi, imisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin), kanti lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ephezulu , i-glucagon ivuselela ukukhishwa kwe-somatostatin (okungukuthi, imisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon).

Ngamanye amazwi, njengoba i-insulin yehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini, uma ushukela wakho wegazi uphansi, i-somatostatin iyakhishwa ukuze ivimbele ukuthi yehle noma yikuphi, ukuze kumiswe ukukhishwa kwe-insulin. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi izinto zilawulwa kanjani emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo?

Izinkinga nezimo ezihlobene neSomatostatin

Ngokuvamile, izinkinga ezinkulu nge-somatostatin azivamile. Kodwa isimo esiyinhloko esivelelayo uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lomdlavuza olubizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatinoma . Lesi yisisu esikhula ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Lesi simila sikhula ku-pancreas noma ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla (i-GI tract). Lokhu kubangela ukukhiqizwa kwe-somatostatin ngokweqile.

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatinoma, singavela ngokungahleliwe, noma singahlotshaniswa nezifo ezithile zofuzo . Ezinye zalezi zimo yilezi:

• I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (uhlobo 1 lwe-MEN):Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esihambisana nofuzo lapho kuvela khona izimila eziningi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zesistimu ye-endocrine.
• I-Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 (NF1): Lesi futhi yisimo esizuzwa njengefa. Sibangela amabala e-café-au-lait kanye nezimila ezingengozini esikhumbeni.
• Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau: Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile esizuzwa njengefa. Singabangela ukwakheka kwezimila ezingengozini noma ezinobungozi ebuchosheni, emgogodleni, emehlweni, ezinso, kuma-pancreas nasezindlala ze-adrenal.

Uma i-somatostatin ikhiqizwa ngokweqile, ukukhiqizwa kwamanye ama-hormone amaningi e-endocrine kuncipha kakhulu. Izimpawu zalokhu zingafana nezimpawu zezinye izifo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuhlonza ngokunembile isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatinoma.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zinkinga ezihlobene ne-somatostatin azivamile kakhulu , okusho ukuthi abantu abaningi abanakho okufanele bakhathazeke ngakho.

Futhi, kube nemibiko embalwa kakhulu yamazinga aphansi kunejwayelekile e-somatostatin emzimbeni womuntu.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezihlola amazinga e-somatostatin?

Ngenxa yokuthi izinkinga ezihlobene ne-somatostatin azivamile, odokotela abavamisile ukuhlola amazinga e-somatostatin awo wonke umuntu. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi kukhona isimila esingavamile esikhiqiza i-somatostatin eningi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatinoma, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatin-like-immunoreactivity (SLI) ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana namazinga ami e-somatostatin?

Ngokuvamile akudingeki ukhathazeke ngamazinga akho e-somatostatin, njengoba kunezinkinga ezimbalwa kakhulu ezihlobene nalokhu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze (umzali noma umfowenu noma udadewabo) litholakale linesifo esifana ne-multiple endocrine neoplasia uhlobo 1 (MEN uhlobo 1), neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 (NF1), noma isifo se-Von Hippel-Lindau, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi yizimo ezizuzwe njengefa, ungase ube sengozini yokuthola i-somatostatinoma. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi unaso yini lesi simo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla:

• I-Somatostatin iyi-hormone 'eyinhloko' edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu, ilawula amanye ama-hormone.
• Ilawula kakhulu izinto ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwamanye ama-hormone, ukusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, kanye nokuhlukana okusheshayo kwamaseli.
• Izinkinga nge-somatostatin ngokuvamile azivamile.Inkinga enkulu yi-tumor engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-somatostatinoma.
• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onezifo zofuzo ezifana nesifo se-MEN type 1, i-NF1, noma i-Von Hippel-Lindau , khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
• Ungesabi lokhu ngeze. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zinhlelo ezimangalisayo emizimbeni yethu.

Ngakho-ke, i-somatostatin iyisithako esithule, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu, emizimbeni yethu. Uma nje yenza umsebenzi wayo ngendlela efanele, akukho okufanele sikwesabe!

I- Somatostatin, i-Somatostatin, i-Hormone, i-Pancreas, i-Hypothalamus, i-Digestive System, i-Somatostatinoma, i-Somatostatinoma, i-GHIH, i-Endocrine System, i-Cancer