Ingabe kukhona inkinga ekhanda lakho? Ake sifunde ngqo nge-encephalitis!

Wake wezwa ngesifo esiyingozi esibangela ukuthi ubuchopho butheleleke futhi buvuvuke? Mhlawumbe omunye wabangane bakho noma amalungu omndeni wakho uke waba naso. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-encephalitis kwezokwelapha. Empeleni sibi kakhulu, futhi akusona isifo esivamile. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ngoba uma siqashelwa kusenesikhathi, singelashwa.

Kuyini i-Encephalitis? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-encephalitis ukuvuvukala okwenzeka ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu . Kufana nokuthi uma sithola ukulimala endaweni ethile emzimbeni wethu, indawo iba bomvu futhi ivuvuke. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ebuchosheni, okuyisikhungo sokulawula somzimba wethu. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabeka ingcindezi ebuchosheni, okungaphazamisa indlela ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo.

Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko ezenza lesi simo senzeke. Esinye ukuthi sibangelwa ukutheleleka . Esinye ukuthi sibangelwa inkinga ngesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela , okungukuthi, inqubo yokuzivikela komzimba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, (i-Encephalitis) yisimo esibi esingaba yingozi empilweni futhi singabangela izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside kanye nezinkinga. Yingakho lesi simo sivame ukudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ukwelashwa okukhethekile emayunithi okunakekelwa okujulile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinyathelo zokusekela impilo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-encephalitis?

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Encephalitis. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-Encephalitis ebangelwa ukutheleleka (i-Infective Encephalitis):

• (I-Viral Encephalitis): Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lesi simo singavela ngemva kokutheleleka okuhlukahlukene kwamagciwane, njenge-influenza. Cabanga ngakho, lapho abanye abantu bethola izifo ezifana ne-mumps kanye ne-mumps, kuba nzima futhi kuthinte ubuchopho, yilokho okwenzekayo.
• (I-Arbovirus Encephalitis): Lokhu kukhethekile kancane. Izifo ezibangela lokhu zidluliselwa yizilwane ezinjengomiyane, izimpukane, kanye namakhizane. Ezweni lakithi, asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngezifo ezidluliselwa omiyane. Njengodenga, izimo eziyingozi ezifana nalezi nazo zingavela.
• I-Encephalitis Yamagciwane Noma I-Fungal: I-Encephalitis ebangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane noma i-fungus ayivamile, kodwa ingenzeka.

2. (I-Autoimmune Encephalitis):

Lokhu kuyinto exakile kakhulu eyenzekayo. Amasosha omzimba, okufanele abe ngumvikeli wemizimba yethu, ahlasela ngephutha ubuchopho bethu. Kufana nokuhlasela umndeni wethu. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kobuchopho. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu abanomdlavuza nabo bangabhekana nalesi simo. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi (i-Paraneoplastic Syndrome) .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Encephalitis? Uzibona kanjani?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-encephalitis. Izimpawu ze-encephalitis ezibangelwa ukutheleleka zivame ukubonakala ngokushesha kunezo ze-encephalitis ezizimele.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-encephalitis ezibangelwa ukutheleleka:

• Ukudideka: Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, umuzwa wokungaqondi okwenzekayo.
• Ukozela: Ukuzizwa ulele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukukhathala: Ukukhathala kakhulu ukwenza noma yini.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Kungase kube khona ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu: Umzimba uyashisa futhi ube nomkhuhlane ophezulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kungenzeka.
• Ukuqina kwentamo okuthambile kuya kokuphakathi: Kunzima ukugoba intamo, futhi kuzwakala kuqinile.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Isisu esibuhlungu, uzizwa sengathi uhlanza.
• Ukuquleka: Kungafika njengokuquleka.

(I-Autoimmune Encephalitis) uhlobo olukhula kancane kancane. Ezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla zingase zivele nakule ndaba. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa nazo ziyaboniswa. Lezi yizi:

• Izinkinga zenkumbulo: Ukukhohlwa izinto, ukuba nobunzima bokukhumbula izinto ezindala.
• Izinguquko zobuntu eziphawulekayo: Ukuthukuthela ngokuzumayo, ungabi ngumuntu ofanayo nowangaphambili.
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma: Inkulumo engacacile, ubunzima bokukhuluma.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho: Kungase kuzwakale sengathi isitho siyaphela amandla.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Zombili izinhlobo ze-encephalitis, uhlobo oluthelelanayo kanye nohlobo lwe-autoimmune, zingaba yingozi empilweni. Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, myise esibhedlela ngokushesha. Noma shayela u-911. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyithathe kalula.

Ihlolwa kanjani i-encephalitis? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Uma ubona udokotela onalezi zimpawu, uzoqala ngokukuhlola ngokomzimba. Bazokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona. Bese benza ezinye izivivinyo, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kungafaka phakathi (i-CBC - Complete Blood Count) , okuwukuhlolwa okubheka izinhlobo zamaseli egazini, kanye ne- (CMP - Comprehensive Metabolic Panel) , okuwukuhlolwa okubheka amakhemikhali abalulekile emzimbeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubona ngaphakathi kobuchopho.
• (CT - Computed Tomography) iskeni
• (I-MRI - I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging) iskena
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukuskena okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi (MEG - Magnetoencephalography) .
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi (uketshezi lomgogodla wobuchopho) emgogodleni wakho bese ulihlola. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa: Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubheka ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lwemizwa lusebenza kanjani.

Lezi zivivinyo yizo ezivumela odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi unesifo se-encephalitis nokuthi siyini imbangela.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-encephalitis?

Odokotela belapha imbangela eyinhloko yalesi sifo futhi balawule izimpawu ezivele. Iningi labantu abane-encephalitis belashwa esibhedlela. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi baqaphe izimpawu zabo futhi bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha uma ziba zimbi kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:

• Imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka: Le mithi inikezwa ukulawula ukuquleka ezimweni ezifana ne-autoimmune encephalitis.
• Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Uma kutholakala ukuthi i-encephalitis ibangelwa yigciwane, kunikezwa imithi efana ne -Acyclovir (Zovirax®) .
• Usizo lokuphefumula: Uma isimo (i-encephalitis) siba sibi kakhulu, ukuphefumula kungaba nzima. Kuleso simo, kungadingeka unikeze umoya-mpilo owengeziwe noma uxhume emshinini obizwa ngokuthi (umoya wokuphefumula wemishini) ukuze ukusize uphefumule.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Kokubili i-encephalitis ebangelwa amagciwane kanye ne-autoimmune ibangela ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Le mithi yohlobo lwe-steroid inciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi inciphise ingcindezi ebuchosheni.
• Ukudla okunempilo kwangaphakathi: Uma isimo (i-encephalitis) siba sibi kakhulu futhi ulahlekelwa ingqondo, awukwazi ukudla. Kuleso simo, ukudla okunempilo kunikezwa ngepayipi (ukudla ngepayipi).
• I-immune globulin: Lokhu ukwelashwa okukhethekile okunikezwa i-Autoimmune Encephalitis.
• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV): Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukusekelwa kwempilo yengqondo: I-Encephalitis ingabangela izinkinga zenkumbulo kanye noshintsho lobuntu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela wengqondo ngalesi sikhathi.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lesi sifo singabangela ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi emzimbeni. Lokhu kungalungiswa ngosizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokomzimba.
• I-Plasmapheresis: Lokhu kungenye indlela yokwelapha ekhethekile ye-Autoimmune Encephalitis.
• Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo:Uma unenkinga yokukhuluma ngenxa yemiphumela ohlelweni lwezinzwa olubangelwa yi-encephalitis, ungacela usizo kudokotela wezifo zokukhuluma.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekuhlaselweni yi-encephalitis?

(I-Encephalitis) Izimpawu zingase zithathe izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kungathatha ezinye izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ukuze kuphole ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lena inqubo yokululama yesiguli yesikhathi eside.

Ingabe i-Encephalitis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

I-encephalitis ingelashwa ngemithi elapha imbangela eyinhloko, njengegciwane. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, i-encephalitis ingabangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Lokhu kungadinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Isibonelo, izinkinga zokuziphatha, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma bungase buqhubeke.

Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila komuntu onesifo se-encephalitis?

Kuncike kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye. Nakuba abantu abaningi abathola i-encephalitis belulama, kungaba yisifo esisongela ukuphila. Ucwaningo olulodwa lubonise ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-5% abalashwa esibhedlela ngenxa ye-encephalitis bayafa. Ngokuvamile, ukuthi uphila isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokululama ngenxa ye-encephalitis kuncike ezintweni ezifana nalezi:

• Imbangela eyisisekelo: I-Encephalitis ebangelwa amagciwane avamile njenge-Herpes Simplex ivame ukubangela izinkinga ezincane kakhulu ngakho-ke ayinawo umthelela omkhulu empilweni yesiguli.
• Izinga lokuvuvukala: Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okukhulu okuthinta uhlelo lwezinzwa, kungathinta isikhathi sokuphila.
• Ubudala kanye nempilo iyonke: Izingane ezincane zinethuba elingcono lokululama kunabantu abadala. Ukululama kuyinselele kakhulu kulabo abanezifo ezikhona kakade kanye namasosha omzimba abuthaka.
• Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi: Uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa ngokushesha, imiphumela iba mihle. Amathuba amancane okuthi impilo elindelekile ithinteke.

Uma une-(encephalitis), noma uma unakekela umuntu onale nkinga, buza udokotela ukuthi yini ongayilindela.

Ingabe i-encephalitis ebangelwa ukutheleleka ingavinjelwa?

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye namagciwane athwalwa yizinambuzane yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko ze-encephalitis. Ngakho-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho.

• Ukugonywa: Qiniseka ukuthi uthola yonke imijovo yakho ngesikhathi. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimiphi imijovo enconyelwa wena.
• Ukuvikelwa komiyane:
• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela: Ehlobo, gqoka amahembe akhanyayo, anemikhono emide kanye namabhulukwe amade. Gqoka isigqoko esimboza izindlebe zombili.
• Sebenzisa isixosha izinambuzane: Khetha isixosha izinambuzane esiqukethe i-DEET . Landela imiyalelo ebhalwe kulebula ngqo.
• Gcina indawo okuyo yomile: Omiyane babekela amaqanda abo ezindaweni lapho amanzi engami khona. Ungavumeli amanzi aqoqeke ezindaweni ezifana nezimbiza zezimbali namathini kadoti avulekile. Yomisa izindawo ezinjalo bese ufaka umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane.
• Sebenzisa izikrini namafeni: Ukuhlola amafasitela kuzonciphisa inani lomiyane abangena ekhaya lakho. Uma kukhona omiyane ngaphakathi ekhaya lakho, ukusebenzisa ifeni kuzokwenza kube nzima ngomiyane ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, kunciphise inani lomiyane abalumayo.

Ngingayinakekela kanjani impilo yami? (Ngesikhathi sokululama)

Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ubuchopho bululame ngemva kokugula nge-encephalitis. Ngakho-ke kufana nokugijima i-marathon, kufanele uyithathe kancane. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso ezingakusiza ohambweni lwakho lokululama:

• Zijabulise: Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu izinyanga eziningi ngemva kokuba une-encephalitis. Ngakho-ke, gxila ezintweni ezidinga ukuqalwa kuqala, njengomndeni wakho, futhi uthathe ikhefu kwezinye izinto.
• Phumula: Lala ngesikhathi esibekiwe, nciphisa i-caffeine notshwala, njll. Zijwayeze ukulala kahle ebusuku.
• Londoloza ukudla okunempilo: Faka inyama engenamafutha amaningi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, imifino eluhlaza enamaqabunga, kanye nezithelo ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla kwaseMedithera kungaba yindlela enhle.
• Yakha isimiso sokuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca njalo kungakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nezinselele eziza ngemva kwe-encephalitis.
• Yabelana ngesimo sakho: Ungase usalulama, kodwa ungase ubonakale uphilile ngaphandle. Tshela abangani bakho nomndeni wakho ukuthi kungani uthatha kancane.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unesifo sofuba, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingase zibonise ukuthi isimo sakho siya siba sibi kakhulu. Futhi, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokudideka, izinguquko ezibalulekile zobuntu, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubuthakathaka, noma ukungakwazi ukuhambisa izitho zakho zomzimba.

I-Encephalitis yisifo esibi esingaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Kungathatha izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka, ukululama ngokuphelele. Ngokungafani nokulimala ngokomzimba, ubuchopho akuyona into esingayibona noma esiyizwe njengoba ilulama. Uma usalwa nokukhathala nezinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa, abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi usululame ngokuphelele. Uma usesimweni esifanayo, zinike isikhathi sokuchazela abanye ukuthi i-encephalitis isakuthinta kanjani.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi i-Encephalitis yisimo esibi esithinta ubuchopho. Kodwa, ungesabi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu. Uma usheshe uqaphele futhi uqale ukwelashwa, amathuba akho okululama ayanda.

• Khumbula, izinto ezilula njengokuzivikela komiyane nokugonywa ngendlela efanele kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lezi zifo eziyingozi.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesineke, uzilalele, futhi ulandele iseluleko sezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.
• Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemibuzo eyengeziwe ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Masibe nempilo enhle sonke!

i- encephalitis, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, i-viral encephalitis, i-autoimmune encephalitis, izimpawu, ukwelashwa