Kuthiwani uma igciwane lingena enhliziyweni? Ukuqonda i-Endocarditis kalula - Nirogi Lanka

Inhliziyo yakho iyisitho esimangalisayo ngempela, akunjalo? Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho negciwane elincane elivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho lingahamba egazini lakho futhi libangele umonakalo omkhulu enhliziyweni yakho. Lesi yisimo esisongela ukuphila esaziwa ngokuthi i-endocarditis. Ukuqaphela izimpawu kusenesikhathi nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphephe.

Kuyini ngempela i-endocarditis?

Kalula nje, i-endocarditis iwukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwegumbi lenhliziyo yakho kanye nama-valve enhliziyo, okwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i- endocardium . Ngokuvamile ibangelwa amagciwane , njengebhaktheriya.

Cabanga ngamagciwane avela emlonyeni wakho, esikhumbeni, noma ohlelweni lokuphefumula engena egazini lakho. Lawa magciwane ahamba negazi lakho futhi afinyelele enhliziyweni yakho. Nakuba inhliziyo enempilo ivame ukumelana nokutheleleka okunjalo, uma ama-valve enhliziyo yakho esevele onakele noma ebuthakathaka, la magciwane anganamathela kulezo zindawo ezisengozini, amile izimpande, futhi aqale ukwanda.

Njengoba la magciwane ekhula, ahlangana namaseli egazi kanye nemicu ukuze akhe izimila ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi izimila . Lezi zitshalo zingalimaza kakhulu ama-valve enhliziyo yakho. Zingavimbela ama-valve ukuthi avale kahle, ziholele ekuvuza kwegazi, noma zibangele ngisho nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ukuthi kungasebenzi ngokuphelele.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko

I-Endocarditis ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili:

1. I-Infective Endocarditis: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Njengoba igama lisho, lubangelwa amagciwane anjengebhaktheriya noma isikhunta angena enhliziyweni. Odokotela bavame ukubiza lokhu ngokuthi i-Bacterial Endocarditis (BE) .

2. I-Endocarditis Engathelelani: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Nakuba izitshalo zisakheka enhliziyweni, azibangelwa amagciwane. Sibiza lezi zitshalo ezingenamafutha . Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka kanye nezinkinga zezokwelapha ezandisa ingozi yokujiya kwegazi, njenge -lupus noma i-antiphospholipid syndrome .

Ziyini izimpawu, futhi ungazibona kanjani?

Izimpawu zalesi simo zingaba nzima; zingase zivele ngokuzumayo noma zikhule kancane kancane ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa.

Infective Endocarditis can manifest in two ways:

• Acute: This occurs suddenly. With symptoms like high fever and rapid heart rate, it can become life-threatening within a few days.
• Subacute: This develops slowly over several weeks or months. It typically starts with mild symptoms like general fatigue or a low-grade fever.

In cases of non-infective endocarditis, there are usually no specific symptoms of the heart condition itself; instead, you may experience the symptoms of the underlying medical condition (such as lupus).

Who is at higher risk?

Endocarditis is not very common, but certain individuals are at a higher risk:

• Those with artificial heart valves, pacemakers, or defibrillators: These devices are susceptible to bacterial attachment.
• People who have previously had endocarditis: Once you have had it, your risk of recurrence is higher.
• People with certain heart conditions: Especially those with heart valve disease or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• IV drug users: Contaminated needles can introduce germs directly into the bloodstream.
• Those with poor oral hygiene: Gum disease and tooth decay allow mouth bacteria to easily enter the blood.
• Individuals with weakened immune systems: People with conditions like diabetes or those on immunosuppressive medication.
• People who have undergone prior heart valve surgery.

What are the complications if left untreated?

Potential complications from delayed treatment include:

• Severe damage to heart valves, leading to leakage (Leaky heart valve).
• Onset of heart failure.
• Formation of abscesses around the heart.
• Irregular heart rhythms (Arrhythmia).
• Stroke, caused by fragments of vegetation breaking off and blocking a blood vessel in the brain.
• Sepsis, a life-threatening systemic infection.
• In severe cases, it can unfortunately be fatal.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma ubonisa izimpawu futhi unezici ezaziwayo zengozi, udokotela wakho uzobeka phambili ukuxilongwa okusheshayo. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuvame ukwenziwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:
• Ukukhula kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlonza uhlobo oluqondile lwamagciwane egazini lakho.
• Inani eliphelele legazi: Ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-C-reactive protein (CRP): Ukulinganisa amazinga okuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:
• I-Echocardiogram: I-ultrasound yenhliziyo yakho. Inikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani, noma yimuphi umonakalo we-valve, kanye nokuba khona kwezitshalo.
• I-Transesophageal echocardiogram: Ukuskena okukhethekile lapho i-probe encane iqondiswa khona phansi e-esophagus ukuze kutholakale umbono ocacile wenhliziyo kusukela ekubukeni okuseduze.
• I-MRI Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kungadingeka ezimweni ezithile ukuze kucace ngokwengeziwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

I-Endocarditis yisimo esibi esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukunikezwa kwama-antibiotic e-intravenous (IV).

Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuqhubeka amasonto amaningana, ngezinye izikhathi kuthathe amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Uma amabhaktheriya athile esetholakele, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuhambisane nezidingo zakho. Kuyo yonke indlela yokwelashwa kwakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqapha izimpawu zakho eduze futhi lenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphelile ngokuphelele.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Nakuba kungezona zonke izimo ezingavinjelwa, ungathatha izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi uma useqenjini elisengozini enkulu.

• Gcina inhlanzeko yomlomo enhle kakhulu: Hlanza amazinyo akho nsuku zonke bese usebenzisa i-floss. Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo njalo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni egazini.
• Iseluleko esikhethekile kubantu abasengozini enkulu: Uma une-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa, umlando we-endocarditis, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo ozalwa nazo, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic okuvimbela ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezithile zamazinyo (isb., ukukhishwa kwamazinyo noma ukuhlinzwa kwezinsini). Lokhu kubulala amabhaktheriya ngaphambi kokuba abe nethuba lokufinyelela inhliziyo yakho.
• Gcina ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linolwazi: Njalo qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho oyinhloko kanye nodokotela wamazinyo wakho bayazi kahle isimo senhliziyo yakho kanye nengozi yakho ye-endocarditis.

I-Endocarditis, ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo, iNirogi Lanka, isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, impilo yenhliziyo