Uyazi kahle ukuthi i-endothelin iyini emzimbeni wakho? Indlela ethinta ngayo umfutho wegazi lethu!

Wake wezwa igama elithi 'Endothelin'? Kungenzeka ukuthi wake wezwa udokotela ebiza leli gama kuwe noma komunye umuntu emndenini wakho lapho ekhuluma ngemithi, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ulibonile ndawana thize lapho efunda ngesifo. Nakuba empeleni lokhu kuyinto encane ekhiqizwa ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, kwenza umsebenzi omuhle wokugcina umfutho wegazi wethu, noma 'umfutho' njengoba sonke siwazi, usezingeni elifanele. Kodwa-ke, uma le endothelin ikhula emzimbeni ngaphezu kokudingekile, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukene zempilo . Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi iyini le endothelin nokuthi yenzani emizimbeni yethu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Ngakho-ke iyini le endothelin?

Kalula nje, i-endothelin iyiprotheni encane esiza ukuvimba imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, iyi-peptide. Ama-peptide ayimicu emifushane yamaprotheni eyenziwe ngezinto ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-amino acid. Lawa asiza futhi ekwakheni amaprotheni amakhulu emizimbeni yethu.

Uyazi ukuthi ubani owenza le endothelin? Kukhona ungqimba lwamaseli ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium. Lena yindawo eyinhloko emzimbeni wethu ekhiqiza i-endothelin.

Kuyini i-endothelium? Ungakuchaza kancane?

Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu yonke njengenethiwekhi yamapayipi athwala amanzi. Ingaphakathi lalawo mapayipi, ohlangothini lapho igazi ligeleza khona, limbozwe ungqimba oluncane kakhulu lwamaseli. Lolo ngqimba lwamaseli lubizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium . Nakuba kungabonakala kumangalisa, lubhekwa njengesinye sezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wethu!

Lawa maseli endothelial akhipha izinto ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinto zilawula ukunwebeka nokucinana kwemithambo yegazi yethu, okubizwa ngokuthi i-vascular tone . Le vascular tone inquma ukuthi inhliziyo yethu kufanele iphompe igazi kanzima kangakanani nokuthi kufanele isebenze kanzima kangakanani ukujikeleza igazi emzimbeni wonke.

I-endothelium kanye ne-endothelin zisebenza ndawonye ukwenza eminye imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile:

• Kuyasiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kumiswe ukopha uma uthola inxeba.
• Ilawula amazinga oketshezi nosawoti (ama-electrolyte) egazini lethu.
• Kuphinde kusize ekulawuleni ukuvuvukala ngokuvimbela ubuthi ukuthi bungangeni ezicutshini zethu.

Ngakho-ke i-endothelin yenzani emzimbeni?

Sesivele sishilo ukuthi i-endothelin iyinto esiza ekunciphiseni imithambo yegazi. Eqinisweni, i-endothelin iyi -vasoconstrictor enamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ake sichaze leli gama kancane:

• Ingxenye ethi "Vaso" ibhekisela emithanjeni yegazi ohlelweni lwethu lwezinhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• "I-Constrictor" noma "i-constriction"Ukuminyana kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi iyaminyana noma iyaminyana. Lokhu kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuze kuyimise.

Ngakho-ke, okwenziwa yi-endothelin ukwandisa umfutho wegazi wethu. Lapho imithambo yegazi ivaleka, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Yingakho umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-endothelin ekhuphuka?

Ngokuvamile, i-endothelin isebenza ngendlela ezuzisayo emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile leli zinga le-endothelin likhuphuka emzimbeni, lingabangela izifo eziningana ezilimaza inhliziyo namaphaphu ethu . Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma ipayipi lamanzi livalekile kakhulu. Kunjalo.

Ezinye zezimo ezingabangelwa ukwanda kwamazinga e-endothelin yilezi:

• I-atherosclerosis (isifo semithambo): Kulokhu, ama-fat deposits aqoqana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi , anciphise imithambo yegazi.
• Isifo senhliziyo esiphukile: Ubuthakathaka benhliziyo obubangelwa ukucindezeleka okungazelelwe.
• Izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza .
• I-Cardiomyopathy : Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo.
• Isifo senhliziyo (isifo senhliziyo) kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo , kanye nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-preeclampsia .
• Isifo sezinso kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso .
• I-pulmonary fibrosis kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu .
• I-Scleroderma : Ukuqina kwesikhumba kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo.

Cabanga nje, uNimal ubelokhu enomfutho wegazi ophakeme isikhathi esithile. Udokotela uthe imithambo yakhe yegazi inciphile kancane, nokuthi amazinga akhe e-endothelin angase ayithinte. Uphinde waxwayisa ngokuthi uma engayithathi kahle imithi yakhe, kungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuthatha le nto ye-endothelin kalula.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-endothelin?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo zama-endothelin. Abacwaningi bezokwelapha baqala ukuwathola ngo-1987. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-endothelin, ezakhiwe ngama-peptide amane e-amino acid. Zonke ezintathu ziyi-vasoconstrictors.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu nolunamandla kakhulu lwe-endothelin emizimbeni yethu yi-endothelin-1 (ET-1). Abacwaningi basafunda ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili, i-endothelin-2 (ET-2) kanye ne-endothelin-3 (ET-3), zithinta kanjani imizimba yethu. Njengamanje, iningi lokunaka ligxile ku-ET-1.

Ziyini i-endothelin receptors?

Zonke izicubu emzimbeni wethu zine-endothelin receptors. La ma-receptor afana nezibambo zomnyango. Lapho ama-molecule e-endothelin efika futhi ebopha kula ma-receptor, athumela umlayezo kulawo maseli ukuthi enze okuthile. Lena yindlela i-endothelin exhumana ngayo namaseli kuyo yonke imizimba yethu.

Amazinga e-endothelin alinganiswa kanjani?

Uma odokotela befuna ukwazi ukuthi amazinga e-endothelin yakho angakanani, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kulinganisa izinga le-endothelin-1 (ET-1). Itholakala engxenyeni yegazi ebizwa ngokuthi i-plasma. I-plasma yingxenye ewuketshezi yegazi esala ngemva kokususwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho, esibhedlela, noma elebhu. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-endothelin kunzima ukuzilinganisa egazini ngale ndlela.

Iyunithi yokulinganisa i-endothelin yi-picograms nge -milliliter (pg/mL).

• Izinga elijwayelekile le-plasma ye-ET-1 kumuntu omdala lingaba ngu-1 pg/mL kuya ku-2 pg/mL.
• Amazinga e-ET-1 ezinganeni ezincane aphakeme kancane.
• Futhi, kungase kube nomehluko omncane kula mazinga phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukene.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu, njengomfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary arterial, banamazinga aphezulu e-ET-1. Futhi, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha inhliziyo, njenge-balloon angioplasty, zingakhuphula okwesikhashana amazinga e-endothelin.

Yini Abaphikisi Be-Endothelin Receptor (ERA)?

Lezi uhlobo lwemithi enikezwayo lapho izinga le-endothelin likhuphuka. Ama-Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERA) asebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-endothelin emzimbeni wethu.

Lokhu kungokwendlela yokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okuqondiwe." Okusho ukuthi, le mithi ihamba ngqo futhi ihlasele kuphela amangqamuzana anenkinga, ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kumangqamuzana anempilo. Njengomuntu odubulayo, ishaya ngqo lapho ihloselwe khona. Imithi ye-ERA isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (i-pulmonary arterial hypertension).

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kule mithi ye-ERA?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi ye-ERA ingabangela imiphumela emibi.

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abesifazane abazama ukukhulelwa akufanele bathathe le mithi ye-ERA. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le mithi ingabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa enganeni engakazalwa. Lena indaba ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Akuvamile kakhulu, lo muthi ungabangela ukulimala kwesibindi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angayala ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole impilo yesibindi sakho njalo.
• Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona yile:
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso (i-edema) noma ukushaqeka.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Uma uzizwa kanje, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze athathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okufanele sizikhumbule kule ndaba? (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-endothelin. Ngamafuphi:

• I-Endothelin iyiprotheni ebalulekile ekhiqizwa emzimbeni esiza ukucindezela imithambo yegazi yethu nokulawula umfutho wegazi.
• Lokhu kwenziwa ngesendlalelo samaseli esibizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium esimboza ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi yethu.
• Uma amazinga e-endothelin eba phezulu kakhulu, imithambo yegazi ingaba mide kakhulu, okuholela ezinkingeni ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo samaphaphu .
• Amazinga e-Endothelin-1 (ET-1) egazini angalinganiswa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi .
• Ama-Endothelin receptor antagonists (ama-ERA) uhlobo lomuthi okwehlisa amazinga e-endothelin. Asetshenziswa ngqo ekucindezelekeni kwegazi okuphezulu emaphashini.
• Uma uthatha imithi ye-ERA, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nempilo yesibindi sakho.

Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile omaziyo enenkinga nge-Endothelin, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sikunike umbono. Hlala uphilile!

I- Endothelin, umfutho wegazi, isifo senhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu, i-endothelium, ama-peptide