Ingabe udokotela ukhulume ngama-enzyme egazini lakho? (Ama-Enzyme Markers) Ake sifunde ngalokhu kalula!

Ngezinye izikhathi uma uya kudokotela, ungase uzwe othile ethi, 'Kudingeka sihlole ama-enzyme egazini.' Bese ungase ucabange, 'Ayini lawa ma-enzyme? Kungani ehlolwa?' Ungakhathazeki, lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvamile okwenziwa kaningi. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu zama-enzyme nokuthi kungani zisitshela izinto ezibalulekile ngempilo yethu.

Kalula nje, iyini le enzyme?

Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu iyifektri enkulu. Izinkulungwane zemisebenzi zenzeka kule fektri njalo ngomzuzwana. Ama-enzyme afana nezisebenzi ezincane kule fektri. Empeleni lezi ziwuhlobo lweprotheni. Lezi zisebenzi yizo ezisiza izinguquko zamakhemikhali ezenzeka emzimbeni futhi zandise isivinini sazo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-enzyme marker ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa ukuthi zingaki zalezi zisebenzi, noma ama-enzyme, ezisegazini lakho.

Cabanga ngezitho zomzimba zethu njengezindawo ezihlukene kule fektri. Ngokuvamile, lezi zisebenzi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-enzyme zingaphakathi kwamakamelo azo (amaseli). Kodwa uma isitho sonakele, sigula, noma silimele, kunjengokungathi udonga kulelo gumbi luphukile, futhi ama-enzyme angaphakathi kwaso avuza, okungukuthi, angene egazini. Odokotela babheka amazinga ama-enzyme egazini ukuze bathole ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle emzimbeni. Lezi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-biomarker . Okungukuthi, uphawu olubonisa isifo.

Ama-enzyme emizimbeni yethu enza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile. Isibonelo:

• Esimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi: Kusiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: Lusiza ekugayeni ukudla esikudlayo.
• Isimiso semisipha: Sisiza ekusebenzeni kwemisipha nasekunyakazeni kwayo.
• Uhlelo lwezinzwa: Lubalulekile ekusebenzeni kobuchopho kanye nezinzwa.
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula: Lusiza ngenqubo yokuphefumula.
• Uhlelo lomchamo: Lusiza ekususeni imfucuza emzimbeni.

Kukuziphi izimo lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa kwe-enzyme?

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela angase akucele ukuthi wenze lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa.

• Ukuhlolwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba okuvamile kwaminyaka yonke, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe noma yimuphi umonakalo noma ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesitho, noma ngabe azikho izimpawu.
• Ukuxilongwa: Uma unezimpawu ezithile, isibonelo, ubuhlungu besifuba, lolu vivinyo lusetshenziselwa ukuthola isifo esithile, njengokuthi ingabe ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• Ukwelashwa kokuqapha:Uma usuvele uthola ukwelashwa kwesifo esithile, lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa nokubona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyasebenza yini noma ukuthi imithi oyiphuzayo ibangela umonakalo kwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwama-enzyme?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwama-enzyme ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Enzyme Yenhliziyo

Uma imisipha yenhliziyo yonakele esimweni esiphuthumayo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, amaprotheni amabili akhethekile akhishwa egazini avela kulawo maseli: i-Troponin (cTn) kanye ne -Creatinine Phosphokinase (CPK) .

Kungathatha amahora afinyelela kwangu-12 ukuthi amazinga e-troponin egazini akhuphuke ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi baphinda lokhu kuhlolwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa. Uma izinga le-troponin liphansi, ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi akwenzeki ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Udokotela angenza lolu vivinyo uma unalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Isiyezi
• Isicanucanu
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)

2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-CPK Isoenzymes, okutshela ngemisipha nezicubu

I-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-CPK itholakala ezindaweni ezifana nemisipha yethu, ubuchopho, namaphaphu. Uma lezi zicubu zonakele, i-CPK iqoqana egazini. Kodwa kukhona okukhethekile ngalokhu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene (ama-isoenzyme) e-CPK.

• I-CK-MB: Lokhu kutholakala kakhulu emisipheni yenhliziyo .
• I-CK-MM: Lokhu kutholakala kweminye imisipha (njengezingalo nemilenze).

Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuxilongeni izimo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Umdlavuza wobuchopho
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha
• Ezinye izifo ezihlobene nemisipha (i-Dermatyositis, i-Polymyositis)

3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Enzyme yesibindi ukuhlola impilo yesibindi

Uma isibindi sonakele, sithelelekile, noma sigula, sikhipha ama-enzyme amaningana egazini. Amabili ala ma-enzyme abaluleke kakhulu yi -ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) kanye ne-AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) .

I-enzyme i-ALT ikhiqizwa kakhulu yisibindi. Ngakho-ke, amazinga aphezulu e-ALT egazini ayisibonakaliso esinamandla sokuthi kukhona umonakalo esibindini. Ngaphezu kwesibindi, i-enzyme i-AST itholakala nasenhliziyweni, ezinso, ebuchosheni nasemisipheni.

Okulandelayo kungabangela ukwanda kwama-enzyme esibindi:

• Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-hepatitis A, B, kanye ne-C
• I-cirrhosis yesibindi
• Ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yokusebenzisa utshwala
• Umdlavuza wesibindi

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi?

Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokulungiselela okuningi. Kodwa ukukhumbula lezi zinto kuzokwenza kube lula kuwe nakumuntu othatha igazi.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwenza imithambo yakho ibonakale kakhulu futhi kwenza kube lula ukukhipha igazi.
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, i-nicotine ivimba imithambo yegazi, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola isampula yegazi.
• Ngitshele uma wesaba: Abanye abantu besaba izinaliti (i-trypanophobia). Kuvamile. Uma unesaba esinjalo, tshela umuntu okhipha igazi lakho kusengaphambili. Khona-ke uzokwenza ngendlela ekhululekile kuwe.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwama-enzyme ngokuvamile akudingi ukuzila ukudla, ikakhulukazi esimweni esiphuthumayo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngesinye isizathu, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho njengoba injalo.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa? Ingabe zikhona izingozi?

Ukuthola isampula yegazi ngokuvamile kulula kakhulu, futhi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje. Ibhandeji elincane libe selifakwa endaweni lapho igazi likhishwe khona. Lokhu kufanele kushiywe endaweni amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. Ngezinye izikhathi indawo lapho inaliti ifakwe khona ingase ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane futhi ivuvuke kancane. Lokhu kuvame ukunyamalala kodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Uma indawo ibuhlungu ngemva kokukhipha igazi, ungafaka iphakethe leqhwa. Futhi, gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima kuleyo ngalo cishe usuku lonke.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyindlela enobungozi obuphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe besaba kancane lapho bebona igazi noma inaliti. Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile, tshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi umbiko ufike? Wenzani ngemva kwalokho?

Esimweni esiphuthumayo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, umbiko utholakala ngokushesha. Kodwa kungathatha izinsuku eziningana ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuvamile.

Ngemva kokuthola umbiko, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yini ekuwo.

Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki ngezindinganiso ezisembikweni, lalela ngokucophelela lokho okushiwo udokotela. Mbuze noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.