Cabanga ukuthi usebenze kanzima usuku lonke, waqeda wonke umsebenzi wakho, walala nje ebusuku... Noma, ngeholide, ngenkathi ubukele i-TV, ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu phakathi kwesifuba sakho, njengokungathi othile ukukucindezela. Into exakile ukuthi, awukhathali nhlobo, awugijimanga, awucindezelekile. Lobuhlungu bufika lapho uphumule futhi ukhululekile. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyi-gastritis noma i-acid reflux ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi. Kodwa lokhu kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele, udinga ukuqaphela kancane, kungaba yisimo esingavamile esihlobene nesifo senhliziyo. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-Prinzmetal Angina?
Kalula nje, i-Prinzmetal Angina uhlobo olungavamile lobuhlungu besifuba (isimo se-angina) . Isici salokhu ukuthi lobu buhlungu buvela uma uphumule, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamabili nasekuseni. Bubizwa nangokuthi i-variant angina, i-angina inversa, kanye ne-vasospastic angina.
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kuyini i-angina?" I-angina ubuhlungu besifuba obuvela lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yethu ingatholi igazi elanele elinomoya-mpilo. Njengoba nje ipompo yamanzi yenza umsindo omkhulu lapho iphelelwa amanzi, inhliziyo iveza izimpawu uma ingatholi igazi elanele. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukufakwa kwe-cholesterol emithanjeni yenhliziyo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni, okuyenza inciphe.
Kodwa ku-Prinzmetal Angina, kwenzeka into ehlukile kancane. Lapha, imithambo ingase inciphe noma ivalwe. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu ukuthi imithambo yenhliziyo enhliziyweni ngokuzumayo nangaphandle kwesizathu iyancipha (i-spasm) noma i-spasm. Cabanga nje sengathi othile ucindezela ipayipi lamanzi ngokuzumayo. Bese igazi linqamuka ngokuphelele okwesikhashana. Yilapho-ke ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba bufika khona. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lapho lokhu kuncipha kunyamalala kodwa, ubuhlungu nabo buyancipha.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-angina evamile ne-angina ye-Prinzmetal?
Nakuba zombili lezi zimo ziyizinhlungu zesifuba, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalezi ezimbili. Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze kube lula ukuliqonda.
| Iphuzu lokuqhathanisa | I-angina evamile (yakudala) | I-Prinzmetal Angina |
|---|---|---|
| Isikhathi sobuhlungu | Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, ukukhwela izitebhisi, ukuhamba ngokushesha, noma ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo. | Kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ikakhulukazi ebusuku noma lapho uvuka ekuseni. |
| Isizathu esiyinhloko | I-cholesterol ifakwa emithanjeni yenhliziyo, okwenza ukuthi inciphe unomphela (i-atherosclerosis). | Ukuncipha kwesikhashana, okungazelelwe kwemithambo yenhliziyo. Kungase kube nokuncipha okungapheli kwemithambo yenhliziyo noma kungabi khona. |
| Labo abathintekile | Ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanezici eziyingozi njengokuguga, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. | Kungenzeka ngisho nakubantu abasebasha abanezinye izici ezimbalwa eziyingozi yesifo senhliziyo. |
Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?
I-Prinzmetal Angina yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association, iziguli ezimbili kuphela kweziyi-100 ze-angina ezinalesi simo.
Kungathinta kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane. Kuvamile kakhulu kubantu abanezinye izimo ezibangela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. Isibonelo:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibangelwa ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi ekhanda.
- Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud: Isimo lapho imithambo yegazi eminweni nasezinzwaneni incipha khona, okubangela ukuba iphenduke ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma ibhekene nokubanda.
Ukuba nazo zombili lezi zimo kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho iyazwela kakhulu futhi ivaleka kalula kunokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke imithambo yegazi enhliziyweni yakho cishe izoziphatha ngendlela efanayo.
Kungakhula nakubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kodwa into emangazayo ukuthi ngisho nomuntu osemusha ophilile, ongenazo izici eziyingozi angathuthuka i-Prinzmetal Angina .
Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lesi yisifo esizuzwa njengefa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi kungase kube nokuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo. Isibonelo, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu baseJapan kunakwabamhlophe.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Prinzmetal Angina?
Uma une-Prinzmetal Angina, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lobu buhlungu buvela uma uphumule futhi ungenzi mzamo.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba: Ubuhlungu bokucindezela, ukucindezelwa, noma obufana nokucindezela phakathi kwesifuba. Lobuhlungu bungasakazeka engalweni yesobunxele, ehlombe, entanyeni, noma ekhanda.
- Iphethini yobuhlungu: Lobuhlungu abuhlali njalo. Buba bukhali cishe imizuzu emi-5-15 bese buphela bodwa. Kodwa-ke, bungaphinde bubuye ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngendlela efanayo, izinsuku eziningana noma amasonto. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi ziqephu zobuhlungu zenzeka ngokwephethini ethile.
- Ezinye izimpawu: Ubuhlungu besifuba bungase buhambisane nokujuluka, isicanucanu, kanye/noma ukuquleka .
- Ukuqeda ubuhlungu ngemithi: Ubuhlungu buvame ukudamba ngokushesha ngokuthatha imithi efana ne-nitrate (amaphilisi abekwa ngaphansi kolimi) evame ukunqunyelwa lobu buhlungu.
Kungani i-Prinzmetal Angina yenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
Njengoba sesishilo kakade, imbangela eyinhloko ye-Prinzmetal Angina ukuncipha okungazelelwe (ukushaqeka) kwemithambo yenhliziyo. Kodwa umbuzo uwukuthi, "Kungani le mithambo incipha ngokungazi?" Kuye kwatholakala izinto eziningana ezibangela lokhu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi: Ukubhema kuyimbangela eyinhloko neyingozi kakhulu yalesi simo. I-nicotine namanye amakhemikhali akugwayi abangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe kakhulu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa: Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, njenge-cocaine kanye nensangu, kunganciphisa kakhulu imithambo yegazi.
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi inempahla yokuvimba imithambo yegazi. Isibonelo, eminye imithi ye-migraine (isb. i-sumatriptan) noma i-ephedrine, etholakala kweminye imithi yomkhuhlane neye-nose.
- Ukucindezeleka okukhulu: Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kungashintsha ukusebenza kwamahomoni omzimba futhi kubangele ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe.
- Ukuchayeka emakhazeni: Ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu nakho kungabangela lesi simo kwabanye abantu.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ngokumangalisayo, abanye abantu bangabhekana nalesi simo hhayi nje kuphela lapho bephumula, kodwa nalapho bezivocavoca. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?
I-Prinzmetal Angina inzima kancane ukuyixilonga ngoba, uma une-ECG noma i-angiogram uma ungenazo izinhlungu, konke kuzobukeka kujwayelekile ngoba imithambo yegazi ayivalekile ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngakho udokotela wakho uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho. Izinto ezifana nokuthi ubuhlungu buqala nini, indlela obuqala ngayo ubuhlungu, lokho okwenzayo, njll. Bese, bangenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphethwe yini.
- I-Ambulatory Electrocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nomshini omncane we-EKG onamathele emzimbeni wakho amahora angama-24 noma angama-48. Uqopha njalo imisebenzi yenhliziyo yakho ngenkathi uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi i-EKG yenhliziyo yakho iyashintsha yini uma unezinhlungu esifubeni ebusuku.
- I-Coronary Angiography: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emithanjeni yakho yenhliziyo nokuhlola isimo saleyo mithambo usebenzisa ama-X-ray. Lokhu kunganquma ngokunembile ukuthi imithambo inciphile yini ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-cholesterol.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuvusa Isifo: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuxilongwa sekuqinisekisiwe, odokotela kufanele babangele ukuncipha komthambo esibhedlela, beqashelwa eduze. Ngenxa yalokhu, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-acetylcholine noma i-ergonovine zinikezwa ngamanani amancane. Uma umthambo uncipha, izinguquko ku-EKG kanye nezimpawu zakho zingasetshenziswa ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile.
Izindlela zokwelapha kanye nokuphathwa kwazo
Uma lesi simo sesiqashelwe, asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Singalawulwa kahle ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
Ukwelashwa ngemithi
- Ama-Calcium Channel Blockers: Lolu uhlobo oluyinhloko lomuthi olusetshenziswa e-Prinzmetal Angina. Le mithi isebenza ngokukhulula izindonga zemithambo yegazi futhi ivimbele ukuthi zingaqini. I-Diltiazem, i-Amlodipine, ne-Verapamil ziyizibonelo zalolu hlobo lomuthi.
- Ama-Nitrate: Le yimithi esebenza isikhathi eside enikezwa nsuku zonke. Ingathathwa futhi njengamaphilisi asebenza isikhathi esifushane, abekwa ngaphansi kolimi ukuze kutholakale impumuzo esheshayo uma kwenzeka ubuhlungu besifuba bungakazelelwe. Lawa asebenza ngokukhulisa imithambo yegazi ngokushesha nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi.
Okubalulekile: Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zenhliziyo ezijwayelekile, njenge-beta blockers kanye ne-aspirin, ayivame ukusetshenziswa kwi-Prinzmetal Angina. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le mithi ngezinye izikhathi ingenza ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi kube kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke , ungalokothi uthathe noma yimuphi umuthi wezimo zenhliziyo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Ngaphezu kwemithi, kubalulekile futhi ukushintsha indlela yakho yokuphila, ikakhulukazi ukugwema ngokuphelele izinto ezibangela lesi simo.
- Yeka ukubhema ngokushesha: Uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke ukubhema ngokuphelele manje. Lena yinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza.
- Gwema izidakamizwa: Gwema ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine nensangu.
- Gwema imithi ebangela ukuminyana: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngeminye imithi oyithathayo. Eminye imithi yokunciphisa ukuminyana, imikhiqizo yokwehlisa isisindo, ngisho neziphuzo zamandla zingase zibe nezithako ezingavimba imithambo yegazi.
Luhlobo luni lwethemba esingaba nalo ngenkathi siphila nalesi simo?
Uma welashwa kahle, isibikezelo somuntu one-Prinzmetal Angina sihle kakhulu. Ungaphila impilo evamile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uthole ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokulandelwa kwezokwelapha ngaphansi kukadokotela wenhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, uma i-Prinzmetal Angina ihambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia), noma uma kukhona ukuncishiswa okungapheli kwemithambo yenhliziyo ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-cholesterol (isifo semithambo yenhliziyo), isimo singaba nzima kakhulu.
I-Prinzmetal Angina akuyona inkinga esongela impilo. Kuyisibonakaliso. Kodwa kubonisa ukuthi kunenkinga ngokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho. Uma ingelashwa, lokhu kuncipha kwemithambo yegazi kungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo (i-myocardial infarction) noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke ungasithathi kalula lesi simo.
Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu.
Uma unesifo esifubeni, ungasinaki bese ucabanga ukuthi yi-gastritis, futhi nakanjani bonana nodokotela wakho.
Udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi athole imbangela eqondile yobuhlungu.
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukujuluka ngokweqile, noma ukuquleka, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Prinzmetal Angina, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nemithi njengoba kuyalelwe. Yenza izinguquko ezidingekayo endleleni yokuphila. Khumbula, lesi yisimo esilawulekayo. Okudingekayo nje ukuzibophezela kwakho kanye nokuxhumana njalo nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Prinzmetal Angina ubuhlungu besifuba obuvela lapho uphumule (ikakhulukazi ebusuku) , hhayi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
- Isizathu salokhu akusikho ukubekwa kwe-cholesterol emithanjeni yegazi, kodwa ukuminyana okungazelelwe (ukuqhekeka) kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni.
- Ukubhema nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine yizona zinto ezibangela lesi simo.
- Lesi simo singalawulwa kahle kakhulu ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila .
- Unganaki noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuhlungu besifuba. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma ubuhlungu bukhulu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
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