Mhlawumbe uke wazizwa ucindezelekile noma ungakhululekile emphinjeni wakho lapho uvuka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona umuntu oseduze nawe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) enepayipi emlonyeni wakhe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokukhipha ipayipi elimsiza ukuba aphefumule. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-extubation ngokwezokwelapha. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama elesabekayo, empeleni kuyisibonakaliso esihle kakhulu ohambweni lwakho lokululama.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, kuyini i-Intubation kanye ne-Extubation?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu.
- Ukufakwa kwepayipi: Ake sithi awukwazi ukuphefumula wedwa ngenxa yokugula, ingozi, noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, odokotela bazofaka ipayipi eliguquguqukayo ngomlomo wakho epayipini lakho lomoya. Leli payipi libizwa ngokuthi i-Endotracheal Tube (ETT) . Leli payipi lixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula futhi linikeza umoya-mpilo emaphashini akho. Ukufakwa kwepayipi kuyinqubo yokufaka leli payipi.
- Ukukhipha isisu: Uma impilo yakho isithuthukile futhi odokotela beqiniseka ukuthi ungaphefumula kahle futhi wedwa, ngaphandle kosizo, bazoyisusa ngokucophelela ipayipi elifakwe ngaphambilini (ETT). Lena inqubo esiyibiza ngokuthi i-extubation .
Kungani umuntu edinga ukufakwa ipayipi kanje?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza umuntu angakwazi ukuphefumula yedwa. Lezi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani kungadingeka ukufakwa kwepayipi ngaphambi kokukhipha ipayipi.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa | I-anesthesia ejwayelekile, enikezwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu, imisa okwesikhashana inqubo yethu yokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, leli payipi lifakwa ukuze lisisize siphefumule ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukwehluleka Kokuphefumula | Ukutheleleka okukhulu njenge-pneumonia kanye nomonakalo emaphashini kungavimbela umzimba ekutholeni umoya-mpilo owudingayo. |
| Ukuvalwa Kwendlela Yomoya | Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile ezimweni lapho kukhona into ebambeke emphinjeni noma indlela yokuphefumula ivuvukele ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba okukhulu. |
| Ukulimala | Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda , entanyeni nasesifubeni kungalimaza uhlelo lokuphefumula. |
| Ukulahlekelwa Ukuqonda | Uma umuntu elahlekelwa ingqondo, angase angakwazi ukulawula indlela yakhe yokuphefumula. Kukhona futhi nengozi yezinto ezifana nokuhlanza okungena emaphashini (i-aspiration). |
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa? Iyini inqubo?
Lokhu akuyona nje indaba yokukhipha ipayipi bese ulibuyisela. Ithimba lezokwelapha likwenza lokhu ngokuhlela okukhulu nangokucophelela.
Odokotela banquma kanjani ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokukhipha ipayipi?
Benza isivivinyo esikhethekile salokhu. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-Spontaneous Breathing Test (SBT) . Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuphefumula wedwa ngosizo oluncane kakhulu oluvela kumshini wokuphefumula. Kufana nokuthatha 'i-test drive' encane uma ufunda ukushayela imoto. Uma uphumelela lesi sivivinyo, kusho ukuthi amaphaphu akho anamandla ngokwanele ukuthi asebenze futhi.
Bazophinde bahlole ikhono lakho lokukhwehlela nokuhlanza umphimbo wakho (gag reflex). Lokhu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungagcina izinto ezifana nokudla neziphuzo zingangeni emaphashini akho.
Izinyathelo zokususa ipayipi
Ngemva kokudlula i-SBT, udokotela noma abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe bobuhlengikazi bazolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukulungiswa kombhede: Uzolethwa uqonde embhedeni.
2. Ukuhlanza: Kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile lokumunca ukususa wonke amafinyila kanye nemfucumfucu emlonyeni wakho, emphinjeni, kanye nangaphakathi kwepayipi.
3. Ukususa iteyipu: I-plaster noma iteyipu ebamba ipayipi ebusweni iyasuswa.
4. Ukunikeza imiyalelo yokuphefumula: Udokotela ukutshela ukuthi "thatha umoya ojulile bese ukhwehlela." Njengoba ukhwehlela, bakhipha ipayipi ngokushesha nangokushelela.
Lonke lolu hlelo luthatha imizuzwana embalwa. Ungase ungaluzwanga.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokukhipha isisu? Yini ongayilindela?
Into yokuqala ozoyizwa ngemva kokukhishwa kwepayipi iwukukhululeka okukhulu! Kodwa-ke, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu emphinjeni wakho kanye nokushaqeka izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuvamile ngokuphelele. Kufana nomphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yokumemeza isikhathi eside.
Ngemva kokususwa kwepayipi, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqhubeka nokukuqapha.
- Amazinga akho e-oxygen egazini ahlolwa njalo.
- Naka izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nendlela yokuphefumula.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, njengosizo oluncane ekuqaleni, umoya-mpilo omncane unganikezwa nge-cannula yamakhala noma imaski yomoya-mpilo.
Ingabe uyaphaphama uma ususa ipayipi?
Lokhu kuncike ekutheni kungani ufakwe epayipini.
- Ngokuhlinzwa: Ngokuvamile, ipayipi lisuswa ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngaphambi kokuba uvuke ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma uvuka, ipayipi lisuke lingekho.
- Egumbini Lokunakekelwa Okujulile (ICU): Uma welashwa ngenxa yokugula noma ingozi, ipayipi lizosuswa ngenkathi uphapheme. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuchazela konke futhi likwenze uzizwe uzolile.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi nezinkinga zokukhishwa kwesisu?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane kakhulu ezihilelekile. Kodwa lokhu akwenzeki njalo. Odokotela bayazi kahle lokhu, ngakho bahlala bekulungele ukubhekana nezimo ezinjalo.
Inkinga enkulu ukwehluleka kokukhipha ipayipi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kokususwa kwepayipi, awukwazi ukuphefumula kahle futhi kufanele uphinde ufake ipayipi.
- Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kumaphesenti amancane abantu, cishe u-10%-14%, abakhishwa amapayipi abo ngendlela ehleliwe.
- Le ngozi iphakeme kancane kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala, kanye nalabo abanesifo senhliziyo noma isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona.
Ezinye izinkinga ezincane:
- Ukushintsha kwezwi kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu: Lesi yisimo esivamile abantu abaningi ababhekana naso futhi sizoba ngcono ngokwabo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- I-Stridor: Ngezinye izikhathi, umsindo omncane wokukhala ungazwakala lapho uphefumula ngenxa yokuvuvukala emphinjeni. Odokotela bayazi ukuthi bangakwelapha kanjani lokhu.
- Ukukhwehlela okukhulu: Ukukhwehlela okwenzeka lapho ipayipi likhishwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukuqina kwemisipha yomphimbo (i-laryngospasm).
Into ebalulekile ukuthi zonke lezi zinto zenzeke kaningi. Udokotela wakho ukulungele zonke lezi zinto. Ngakho ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhipha isisu kuyisinyathelo esihle kakhulu nesiqondile ohambweni lwakho lokululama. Kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho unamandla ngokwanele okusebenza wodwa futhi.
- Lokhu kwenziwa odokotela nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho ngamaphesenti ayi-100 .
- Kuvamile ukuba nomphimbo obuhlungu kancane kanye nokushintsha kwezwi izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokukhishwa kwepayipi. Ungakhathazeki ngakho.
- Ngemva kokukhipha isisu, uzobe ukhululekile ukukhuluma, ukudla, nokuphuza futhi.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukwesaba ngale nqubo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo ngokukhululekile . Bazokuchazela konke.
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