Ngezinye izikhathi, thina noma othile emndenini wethu singase sibe nobunzima bokudla noma ukugwinya ngenxa yokugula, ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, noma ukuguga. Ipayipi lokudla liyithuluzi elikhethekile elisetshenziselwa ukunikeza umzimba izakhamzimba ozidingayo. Nakuba abantu abaningi besaba kancane leli gama, empeleni liyithuluzi lezokwelapha elibaluleke kakhulu elingasiza ekusindiseni izimpilo. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho konke namuhla.
Iyini ipayipi lokudla? Lisebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, ipayipi lokudla liyipayipi lepulasitiki eliguquguqukayo elifakwa esiswini sakho noma emathunjini ukuze likunike ukudla okudingayo. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi "i-enteral nutrition". Uma unesifo esenza kube nzima ukuhlafuna noma ukugwinya ukudla, njengesifo sikaParkinson, noma uma ungakwazi ukudla ngenxa yesifo esibi njengomdlavuza, udokotela wakho angase ancome le ndlela.
Kuye ngesimo sakho, leli payipi lifakwa ngekhala, ngomlomo, noma lifakwe ngokuhlinzwa ngqo esiswini noma emathunjini. Amapayipi empumulo noma omlomo awadingi ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa izinjongo zesikhashana . Ezinye izinhlobo zamapayipi zidinga ukuhlinzwa okuncane ukuze zifakwe.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuba nepayipi lokuncelisa kungaba yinto engakhululekile ngezinye izikhathi. Kufanele ushintshe indawo yakho yokulala futhi uchithe isikhathi esengeziwe ugcina ipayipi lihlanzekile.
Kodwa, ngeke kumise impilo yakho. Ungaphuma nabangani, uvivinye umzimba, futhi uye ocansini empilweni yakho yomshado ngaphandle kwemingcele. Ungagcina le ndlela isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Abanye abantu bondliwa ngale ndlela impilo yabo yonke.
Unikezwa ingxube yokudla okunomsoco eyenziwe ngendlela ekhethekile ngethubhu. Udokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo uzokhetha ingxube equkethe konke okudingayo, okuhlanganisa amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amavithamini, namaminerali. Amanzi kanye neminye imithi kunganikezwa ngaleli thubhu.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezidinga ipayipi lokuncelisa?
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezenza udokotela wakho angase ancome ipayipi lokuncelisa. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isizathu | Isibonelo, izifo |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezithinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Umdlavuza wesistimu yokugaya ukudla, isifo sikaCrohn esibi, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu, isifo samathumbu amafushane. |
| Ubunzima bokuhlafuna noma ukugwinya ukudla | Isifo sohlangothi, umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, izifo zemizwa, ukucinana komphimbo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma ukungakwazi ukudla wedwa | Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezinzima, ukukhubazeka, kanye nezinkinga ezinkulu zokudla. |
| Ezinye izizathu | Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa esithinta ukudla noma ukugaya ukudla, ukungazi lutho (i-coma). |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamapayipi okuphakelayo ezikhona?
Amapayipi okuphakela ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokusekelwe endaweni kanye nendlela yokufaka emzimbeni. Khumbula, uma kudingeka ukudla okunomsoco isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha, kusetshenziswa ipayipi elifakwa ngekhala noma ngomlomo, kanti uma lidingeka isikhathi eside, kusetshenziswa ipayipi elifakwa ngokuhlinzwa.
Amapayipi esikhashana afakwa ngekhala nangomlomo
Lezi zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana.
- Amapayipi e-Nasogastric: Lawa mapayipi aqala ekhaleni aphele esiswini. Asetshenziswa ezibhedlela ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okunempilo kanye nemithi yesikhashana.
- Amapayipi e-Nasojejunal kanye ne-Nasoduodenal: Lawa aqala ekhaleni aphele kuyi-jejunum noma i-duodenum, okuyizingxenye zamathumbu amancane.
- Amapayipi e-Orogastric kanye ne-Oroenteric: Lawa afakwa ngomlomo aye esiswini noma emathunjini amancane esikhundleni sekhala. Lawa futhi awesikhashana.
Amapayipi esikhathi eside afakwa ngokuhlinzwa
Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukondla isikhathi eside.
- Amapayipi Esisu (G): Ipayipi lifakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngesikhumba sesisu ngqo esiswini.
- Amashubhu e-Jejunostomy (J): Afakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngqo ku-jejunum.
- I-PEG tube `(Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy)`: Lena indlela yokuhlinzwa `(endoscopic)`, okungukuthi, ipayipi elinekhamera encane (`i-endoscope`) lifakwa ngomlomo, libhekwe ngaphakathi esiswini, bese kukhethwa indawo engcono kakhulu yokufaka ipayipi bese lifakwa ngesisu.
- I-RIG noma i-RIJ Tube:Kumuntu ongakwazi ukwenza i-endoscopy, kusetshenziswa inqubo efana ne-X-ray ukubeka ipayipi endaweni efanele.
- Ithubhu le-PEG-J: Kulokhu, ithubhu lifakwa ngesisu liye esiswini bese linamathela ku-jejunum.
Ukufakwa kwepayipi emzimbeni kanye nokululama
Ukuhlinzwa kokufaka ipayipi lokuncelisa ngokuvamile kulula. Udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane esikhumbeni sesisu bese efaka ipayipi esiswini noma emathunjini.
Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza cishe amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Esibhedlela, uzonikezwa imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu, amaphilisi okulala, kanye nama-antibiotic ngomthambo. Umuthi oqeda izinhlungu uzofakwa endaweni lapho kuzofakwa khona ipayipi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ungazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa njenge-"endoscopy." Okusho ukuthi, ipayipi elinekhamera lifakwa ngomlomo bese ipayipi lifakwa ngenkathi ubheka ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-30-45.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokuqapha eduze ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini izifo nokopha. Ungase ube noketshezi oluncane oluzungeze ipayipi usuku lokuqala noma ezimbili. Lokhu kuvamile. Ngemva kokuba inxeba selipholile, kuzodingeka uhlanze indawo nsuku zonke ngensipho namanzi.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane lapho kufakwe khona ipayipi, njengokungathi kukhishwa ucezu lwenyama. Udokotela uzokunika imithi yobuhlungu yalokhu. Ngokuvamile, leli payipi lingasetshenziswa izinyanga eziningana, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho neminyaka emibili noma emithathu.
Ukunakekelwa kwepayipi kanye nokondla
Odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokusiza ukunakekela ithubhu ngenkathi usesibhedlela. Uma ubuyela ekhaya, isisebenzi sezempilo sasekhaya (njengomhlengikazi) sizokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi uyigcine ithubhu ihlanzekile.
Imiyalelo ejwayelekile yokunakekela ipayipi:
- Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile: Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngaphambi kokuthinta ipayipi.
- Vimbela ukuthi ipayipi lingavaleki: Lena inkinga evame kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, `geza` ipayipi ngamanzi udokotela wakho akutshela ukuthi uwasebenzise ngaphambi nangemva kokunikeza ukudla noma umuthi . Kufanele 'ugeze' ipayipi ngisho nangezinsuku lapho ungayisebenzisi khona.
- Qaphela izifo: Gcina indawo lapho ipayipi lingena khona esikhumbeni - esilibiza ngokuthi "i-stoma" - ihlanzekile futhi yomile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yihlole nsuku zonke ukuze ibone ukuthi ibomvu, ivuvukile, kanye nezimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Impilo yomlomo: Ngisho noma unceliswa ngamapayipi kuphela, xubha amazinyo akho, izinsini, nolimi nsuku zonke. Sebenzisa i-lip balm ukuvimbela izindebe ezomile.
Imiphumela emibi nokuthi kufanele ubonane nodokotela nini ngokushesha
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ipayipi lokuncelisa lingabangela imiphumela emibi. Futhi, kwezinye izimo, kufanele kufunwe iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ake sihlukanise lokhu kokubili.
| Imiphumela emibi engaba khona | Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha |
|---|---|
| Ukungakhululeki ekhaleni noma emphinjeni. | Ithubhu liyaphuma. |
| Isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuqunjelwa. | Ukungakwazi ukudlulisa ukudla ngepayipi (okubhajwe). |
| Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni). | Uketshezi oluvuzayo luvela nxazonke kwepayipi. |
| Ukutheleleka endaweni yokufakwa kwepayipi. | Ukugcwala kwesisu noma ukuhlanza. |
Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zinkinga. Lezi zingaxazululwa ngokushintsha ingxube yokudla okunempilo noma umthamo, noma ngokunikeza eminye imithi.
Uphila kanjani impilo evamile ngepayipi lokuncelisa?
Uma ungakwazi ukudla njengabo bonke abanye, ungazizwa ulahliwe emphakathini. Ungaphuthelwa ukunambitheka kokudla. Ungazibuza ukuthi abanye bazocabangani ngepayipi. Kodwa ngokuhlela okuncane, konke lokhu kungaphathwa.
- Imicimbi yokuzijabulisa kanye nokudla: Lokhu kuyinselele encane. Ungagcina ikhadi elincane nawe elichaza kafushane ukuthi kungani ungadli. Uma uqiniseka, kuzoba yinto evamile nakwabanye. Abanye abantu baxhuma 'iphampu' yabo bese bejoyina abanye "ekudleni".
- Ubuhlobo obuseduze kanye nempilo yocansi:Ngokukhulumisana okuvulekile nokuhlela okuncane, wena nomlingani wakho ningaphila impilo evamile. Isibonelo, ningachitha isikhathi ndawonye uma ningadli. Ungabi namahloni okukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Ukuhlala umatasa: Akudingeki uyeke ukuzivocavoca ngoba nje unepayipi. Ungenza izinto ezifana nokugijima nokuhamba. Kodwa buza udokotela wakho ngezivivinyo ezisebenza imisipha yesisu sakho, njenge-yoga. Uma inxeba selipholile ngokuphelele, ungabhukuda emanzini ahlanzekile (njengechibi lokubhukuda elinakekelwe kahle).
- Thola ukwesekwa: Ukusekelwa umndeni wakho nabangani kubaluleke kakhulu kulesi sikhathi. Futhi, ukuthola iseluleko nokusekelwa kuchwepheshe (isazi sezengqondo, umhlengikazi) osebenza nalezi zinhlobo zeziguli kuzoba umthombo omkhulu wamandla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ipayipi lokuphakela liyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokuhlinzeka ngokudla okunempilo uma ungakwazi ukudla ngendlela evamile.
- Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ezidingwa isikhathi esifushane nesikhathi eside.
- Ukuhlanza kahle, ukuhlanza, nokunakekela ipayipi kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga.
- Ngisho noma unepayipi lokuncelisa, ungaphila impilo egcwele futhi esebenzayo.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungesabi noma ube namahloni.
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