Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD? Noma ubheka lokhu kuhlolwa ngoba ingane yakho ine-jaundice futhi ngeke iphele? Mhlawumbe usanda kuzwa igama elithi G6PD. Kuvamile ukwesaba kancane ngoba igama liyinqaba kancane. Kodwa ungesabi lutho. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kuhlolwa kwe-G6PD kanye nokuntuleka kwe-G6PD okubangela lokhu ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Ake siqale sibone, iyini i-G6PD?
Kulungile, ake siqale ngesibonelo esilula kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni wakho afana nezindlu ezincane. Ngaphakathi kwalezi zindlu, kwenzeka umsebenzi obalulekile wokuthutha umoya-mpilo. Manje, kudingeka kube 'nonogada' wokuvikela lezi zindlu, ukuze zihlale ziqinile. Ngakho-ke, kukhona isisebenzi esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-G6PD esivikela izindlu zethu ezibizwa ngokuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi futhi esiza ukuzigcina ziphilile.
Ngokwezokwelapha, i-G6PD igama elifushane le-enzyme i-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase . I-enzyme iyiprotheni esiza umzimba wethu ukuthi wenze izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezahlukahlukene ngendlela efanele. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale enzyme ye-G6PD ukuvikela amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi kumakhemikhali athile (abizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo ze-oxygen ezisebenzayo) angawalimaza.
Ngakho-ke, uma umzimba womuntu untula ngokwanele lesi sivikelo, noma i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-G6PD, sikubiza ngokuthi ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD . Lokhu kuyi-genetic, okusho ukuthi kuzuzwe njengefa. Umuntu onalesi sivikelo unenani lamaseli abomvu abuthakathaka kancane. Kufana nendlu engenamlindi. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho evezwa ezintweni ezithile, la maseli abomvu egazi aqala ukuwohloka futhi abhujiswe ngokushesha. Lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukwenza amaseli abomvu egazi amasha futhi amadala ebhujiswa ngokushesha, kuvela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anemia. Lapho amaseli abomvu ebhujiswa ngale ndlela, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hemolytic anemia .
Ngakho-ke, kufanele wenze nini ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD?
Esikhathini esiningi, abantu abanesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD ababonisi zimpawu. Baphila impilo evamile. Kodwa-ke, kuphela lapho bevezwa 'ezintweni' ezithile lapho isimo se-hemolytic anemia esikhulume ngaso ekuqaleni sivela khona futhi kuvela izimpawu.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zinto ezibangela lokhu.
| Izimbangela ezibangela izimpawu | Incazelo elula ngalokhu |
|---|---|
| Ezinye izifo | Ukucindezeleka emzimbeni okubangelwa ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane kungasheshisa ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. |
| Ubhontshisi be-Fava | Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu salesi simo. Abanye abantu bangaba nezimpawu zokudla ubhontshisi we-fava noma ngisho nokuhogela impova yabo. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-favism'. |
| Eminye imithi | Nokho, akuyona yonke imithi engenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu, njengemithi elwa namagciwane, imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva, kanye nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID). Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi. |
Ngakho-ke, uma ubhekene ne-trigger enjalo, ungase ube nezimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia. Yilapho udokotela angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD. Bona ukuthi lezi zimpawu zizwakala zijwayelekile yini kuwe.
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuquleka okungazelelwe (i-syncope) | Uma ubuchopho bungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, kungenzeka ukungazi lutho. |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala) | Uma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke encipha, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu ukwenza ngisho nemisebenzi evamile. |
| Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha | Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe igazi ngokushesha futhi inikeze umzimba umoya-mpilo oyidingayo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) | Uma amazinga omoya-mpilo egazini ehla, ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya futhi uzizwe uphelelwa amandla. |
| Umchamo obomvu noma onsundu | Uma inani elikhulu lamaseli abomvu egazi liwohloka, okuqukethwe kwawo kukhishwa emchameni, okwenza umchamo ushintshe umbala. |
| Isikhumba esikhanyayo | Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kwehla, isikhumba silahlekelwa umbala waso opinki bese siba mhlophe. |
| Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice) | Uma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ewohloka, into ephuzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin iqoqana emzimbeni. Yilokhu okwenza isikhumba kanye namehlo amhlophe aphenduke aphuzi. |
Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD ezinganeni ezincane?
I-jaundice ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Esikhathini esiningi, izophela yodwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili. Kodwa-ke, uma ezinye izingane zine-jaundice isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili futhi kungatholakali imbangela ecacile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma wazi ukuthi othile emndenini wakho unesifo se-G6PD, kungumqondo omuhle ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungakuqaphela lokhu kusenesikhathi futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha.
Kuvame kangakanani ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD?
Empeleni lesi yisimo esivamile kakhulu sezakhi zofuzo emhlabeni. Kukholelwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-400 emhlabeni wonke banalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, iningi lalaba bantu ngeke libhekane nanoma yiziphi izimpawu kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
Ukuntuleka kwezimpawu ze-G6PD kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane, futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu base-Asia, e-Afrika, noma abozalo lwaseMedithera.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD?
Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu, okuvamile. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.
- Inaliti encane ifakwa emthanjeni engalweni yesiguli bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi.
- Bese kususwa i-splinter bese kufakwa i-plaster encane.
Abanye abantu banokwesaba okuncane kwezinaliti (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-trypanophobia). Uma unalokhu kwesaba, tshela umhlengikazi okhipha igazi lakho. Bazokusiza. Ungabheka eceleni, uphefumule kancane, noma ube nomngane noma ilungu lomndeni ngesikhathi sokukhipha igazi.
Indlela yokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwezingane ezincane
Ngenxa yokuthi kunzima ukuthola igazi engalweni yomntwana, kuthathwa isampula yegazi esithendeni sonyawo lwakhe. Ngokucophelela okukhulu, kusetshenziswa inaliti encane ukubhoboza indawo encane esithendeni bese kuqoqwa amaconsi ambalwa egazi. Bese kufakwa ibhandishi elincane endaweni. Umntwana angase azizwe ebuhlungu kancane, kodwa lokhu kuzophela ngokushesha. Kungase kube nokulimala okuncane, kodwa lokhu kuzophola ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Lolu udaba olubaluleke kakhulu. Yebo, kunezinto okufanele uziqaphele.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nezithasiselo).
- Eminye imithi nokudla kungathinta imiphumela yalolu vivinyo. Ngakho udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ugweme ukudla ubhontshisi we-fava noma uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile equkethe i-sulfa izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ngokuvamile, ukuzila ukudla akudingeki ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa.
Nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu: Uma unezimpawu ezisebenzayo ze-hemolytic anemia (isib. i-jaundice, ukukhathala) ngosuku ohlolwa ngalo, udokotela wakho angase ahlehlise ukuhlolwa kuze kube olunye usuku. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi unezimpawu, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angenawo i-G6PD avame ukubhujiswa. Lokho kushiya amangqamuzana anempilo kuphela egazini lakho. Uma wenza ukuhlolwa ngaleso sikhathi, ungathola umphumela oyiphutha othi izinga lakho le-G6PD lijwayelekile.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalolu vivinyo?
Lokhu ukuhlolwa okunengozi encane kakhulu. Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi,
- Inxeba elincane lapho kwafakwa khona inaliti.
- Ukulimala okuncane
- Akuvamile kakhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi noma ukutheleleka
Izinto ezinjalo zingenzeka, kodwa lezi zivame ukuphola ngokuphelele ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
Uthini umbiko wokuhlolwa?
Uma umbiko wakho ukhombisa ukuthi izinga lakho le-G6PD liphansi, kusho ukuthi unesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD. Kodwa akusho ukuthi nakanjani une-hemolytic anemia. Abantu abaningi baphila ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nezinto ezibangela izimpawu.
Abanye besifazane bangase babe namazinga e-G6PD aphansi kancane kunokuvamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi 'bangumthwali' wokuntuleka kwe-G6PD. Kalula nje, banezakhi zofuzo zokuntuleka kwe-G6PD kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezinempilo. Laba bantu ngokuvamile abanazo izimpawu. Kodwa bangadlulisela izakhi zofuzo ezinganeni zabo.
Ngingambona nini udokotela?
Abantu abaningi abanesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD baphila ngempumelelo ngaphandle kwezimbangela. Kodwa uma uba nezimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia, lezo zimpawu zifaka:
- Uma kunzima kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke
- Uma kuthatha amahora angaphezu kwama-24-48
Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa. Esimweni esiphuthumayo esinjalo, kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-G6PD iyi-enzyme ebalulekile evikela amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi.
- Ukuntuleka kwale enzyme (ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD) kuyisimo sofuzo.
- Abantu abaningi banalesi simo kodwa ababonisi zimpawu.
- Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezibangela izifo ezifana nobhontshisi be-fava, imithi ethile, kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo kungabangela ukuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aqhekeke, okubangela i-hemolytic anemia.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD kuwukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okwenziwa ukuze kutholakale lesi simo.
- Uma unesifo se-G6PD, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela zakho bese uzigwema.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unesifo se-G6PD, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukunikeza noma yimuphi umuthi omusha.
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